Measurement of Calcaneal Angles and Its Clinical Significance in Han Chinese Adults in Northwest China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghui Dong ◽  
ZhanKui Jin ◽  
ZhengMing Sun ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
YanHai Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ankle Joints

Abstract Objective We aimed to investigate differences in and trends of normal calcaneal angles among Han Chinese adults from different age groups to establish normal reference ranges of calcaneal angles in these age groups, thereby providing a theoretical basis and morphological reference for the treatment of calcaneal fractures. Methods We collected lateral plain radiographs (X-ray) of the normal ankle joints of 6,260 Han Chinese adults who visited the Radiology Department of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital between November 2008 and December 2020 to measure the calcaneal angles, including the Böhler angle (BA), Gissane angle (GA), calcaneal pitch angle (CPA), posterior facet inclination angle (PFIA), and calcaneal-tibial angle (CTA). On this basis, we analyzed the calcaneal angles in different age groups to summarize the characteristics of normal calcaneal angles in Han Chinese adults. Results According to the lateral plain radiographs of the normal ankle joints of 6,260 (male: 3,380; female: 2,880) adults (mean age: 46.3 ± 18.2 ), the mean values of the BA, GA, CPA, PFIA, and CTA were 33.17° ± 6.08°, 114.99° ± 8.17°, 25.67° ± 4.72°, 64.35° ± 8.51°, and 91.59° ± 11.57°, respectively. Results of the Pearson correlation analysis suggested negative correlations between age and both BA and PFIA (P < 0.01, respectively) but a lack of correlation between age and the GA, CPA or CTA (P > 0.05, respectively). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the least significant difference (LSD) test showed that at above the age of 18, there were statistically significant differences both in the BA between different age groups and in the PFIA between different age groups above 41 years old. Conclusion In Han Chinese adults, there are significant differences in BA and PFIA between different age groups, with these calcaneal angles exhibiting a trend of decrease with age.

scholarly journals Blood profile of obese and aged dogs (Canis familiaris)

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Christina Resende Martins ◽  
Pablo Gomes Noleto ◽  
Renata Lima de Miranda ◽  
Antonio Vicente Mundim
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Obese Adult ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood profile and haematological changes in obese adult and senior dogs. An evaluation was made from the blood profile of 59 obese adult and senior dogs. The animals were divided into two groups, group 1 (G1) with 30 obese adult dogs (2 to 8 years) and group 2 (G2) with 29 obese senior dogs (over 8 years old). The mean values of the erythrogram and platelet count parameters of both groups remained within the compared reference ranges except the red cell distribution width (RDW), whose values were lower than the reference ranges in both groups. A comparison of the values of erythrogram and platelet count of the groups indicated that the RDW and MPV (mean platelet volume) of G2 were higher than those of G1. As for the white blood cell count (WBC), only the number of band neutrophils exceeded the physiological limits for the species in both groups, with no significant difference in values between the age groups. The males in G2 showed a significantly higher mean eosinophil count than those in G1 and than the females of both groups. As for the frequency of findings, 90% of the animals in G1 and 68.96% in G2 showed left shift neutrophils (LSN), while 34.48% in G1 and 20% in G2 showed eosinophilia. It was concluded that, irrespective of age, obese animals presented no changes in erythrogram and platelet indices, and that their WBC may exhibit discrete LSN without leukocytosis.

scholarly journals Hand anthropometry and its relation to grip/pinch strength in children aged 5 to 13 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052097076
Author(s):  
Juan Wen ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Qu Xu ◽  
Yan Wei ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Hand Shape ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Objective To evaluate the development level of children’s physiological hand shape indicators and their relationship with grip/pinch strength. Methods Hand shape and grip/pinch strength in 1255 Chinese children aged 5 to 13 years were prospectively measured. Development curves of physiological hand shape indicators and grip/pinch strength were constructed. Results The physiological hand shape indicators (full length, middle finger length, width, and wrist thickness) and grip/pinch strength of boys and girls increased with age and showed statistically significant differences at different ages. In most age groups, hand shape indicators and grip/pinch strength were larger in boys than in girls of the same age. After puberty, the physiological hand shape indicators and grip/pinch strength increased more rapidly in girls than in boys of the same age, and the differences gradually decreased thereafter. Moreover, a significant difference in pinch strength between the right and left hands was observed in most age groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the physiological hand shape indicators were significantly positively correlated with grip/pinch strength, height, weight, and body mass index. Conclusions This study revealed the relationship between physiological hand shape indicators and grip/pinch strength and provided reference ranges of physiological hand shape indicators and grip/pinch strength for children.

A new simpler approach to measure the strength of toe plantar flexion requiring no mechanical restraint with a light-weight device

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110029
Author(s):  
Yuko Komuro ◽  
Yuji Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
The Mean

Conventionally, the strength of toe plantar flexion (STPF) is measured in a seated position, in which not only the target toe joints but also the knee and particularly ankle joints, are usually restrained. We have developed an approach for the measurement of STPF which does not involve restraint and considers the interactions of adjacent joints of the lower extremities. This study aimed to evaluate this new approach and comparing with the seated approach. A thin, light-weight, rigid plate was attached to the sole of the foot in order to immobilize the toe area. Participants were 13 healthy young women (mean age: 24 ± 4 years). For measurement of STPF with the new approach, participants were instructed to stand, raise the device-wearing leg slightly, plantar flex the ankle, and push the sensor sheet with the toes to exert STPF. The sensor sheet of the F-scan II system was inserted between the foot sole and the plate. For measurement with the seated approach, participants were instructed to sit and push the sensor with the toes. They were required to maintain the hip, knee, and ankle joints at 90°. The mean values of maximum STPF of the 13 participants obtained with each approach were compared. There was no significant difference in mean value of maximum STPF when the two approaches were compared (new: 59 ± 23 N, seated: 47 ± 33 N). The coefficient of variation of maximum STPF was smaller for data obtained with the new approach (new: 39%, seated: 70%). Our simple approach enables measurement of STPF without the need for the restraints that are required for the conventional seated approach. These results suggest that the new approach is a valid method for measurement of STPF.

scholarly journals Psychological Symptoms in Young Adult Migraineurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Turgay Akalin ◽  
Aysin Sinal
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

We aimed to reveal psychological symptoms of young university students (18-25 y/o) with no secondary disease with complaints of migraine headaches. We compared the psychological symptoms with a young control group that did not present headaches and other studies examining migraines in different age groups to determine any similarities. The study consisted of 75 migraine cases; 13 with aura and 62 without aura) and 42 non-headache control subjects. The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3) with criteria questions and the Psychological Symptom Research Scale were applied to all participants and SPSS Statistics Program evaluated the data. Findings: 1) In the test of Descriptive Statistics for the Sample of Students, average values of both sexes were taken and found the average values of the migraine groups were higher than control group. 2) The Anova Test found differences in the diagnostic group besides depression (Somatisation p<., others p<.01) with no significant difference in depression (p=0.315). 3)The Pearson Correlation Analysis, found no association between age and psychological symptoms. There’s a significant relationship between psychological symptoms with somatisation (besides paranoid) (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between depression and other psychological symptoms (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between anxiety, obsession, interpersonal relationships, psychoticism, paranoia, anger, phobia, additional scale and other psychological symptoms (p<.01). Result: The study demonstrated psychological symptoms in young migraineurs. The average psychological symptoms of both migraine groups were higher than the control group, this showed psychological symptom similarities between young migraineurs and migraine patients of different age groups.

scholarly journals Variability of blood serum biochemical parameters in Karakachan sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Stevanovic ◽  
M. Stojiljkovic ◽  
D. Nedic ◽  
D. Radoja ◽  
V. Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Sheep Breed ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Karakachan sheep represents an endangered, indigenous sheep breed from Balkan Peninsula. There is relatively little information about the characteristics of this sheep breed in the veterinary scientific literature. The aim of this research was an examination of certain metabolic profile parameters of the Karakachan sheep blood serum, and variability of their concentrations in comparison to age and some other indigenous sheep breeds from Balkans. Examination was conducted on 14 clinically healthy sheep divided in two age groups. Blood samples were collected by puncture of v. jugularis and blood serum was separated after spontaneous coagulation. The concentrations of total protein, albumin, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, aspartate amino transferase (AST) and ?- glutamyl transferase (GGT) were determined. In relation to age of Karakachan sheep, statistically significant difference between the calculated mean values of examined parameters was not observed. A statistically significant difference was found between the mean concentrations of the studied parameters in Karakachan sheep and other breeds in total protein (Tsigai, Dubrovnik and Dalmatian sheep), albumin (Dalmatian), calcium and inorganic phosphorus (Tsigai, Dubrovnik) and AST's (Dalmatian, Karakachan sheep from Bulgaria).

Age- and gender-related normative value of whole-body sagittal alignment based on 584 asymptomatic Chinese adult population from age 20 to 89

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Hu ◽  
GCW Man ◽  
KH Yeung ◽  
WH Cheung ◽  
WCW Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender

To establish the age- and sex-related normative values of sagittal alignment in asymptomatic Chinese adults, and to investigate the changes and possible associated compensation mechanisms across age groups. 584 asymptomatic Chinese adults aged 20–89 years were recruited. Subjects were grouped according to age and gender. Whole-body standing radiographs were acquired for evaluating sagittal alignment from spine to lower limb. Sagittal parameters between gender in different age groups were compared via independent t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to demonstrate relationships between parameters. Thoracic kyphosis (TK) increased steadily while lumbar lordosis decreased gradually in both genders. Pelvic tilt (PT) in male is greater than in female across all age groups with age related gradual increase. There were significant differences between male and female from 20s to 60s in terms of knee flexion angle (KA) and ankle dorsiflexion angle (AA), but the differences were not significant after 60s. T1 pelvic angle (TPA) was significantly correlated with spinal, pelvic and lower-limb alignment. The older group (≥50 years) had a stronger correlation of TPA with PT and KA, whereas the younger (<50 years) had stronger correlation with TK. This study comprehensively presented the normative sagittal alignment based on a large asymptomatic population, which could serve as an age- and gender-specific reference value for spine surgeons when planning for correction surgery. Age can influence the recruitment of compensation mechanism that involve more pelvic and lower limb mechanisms for elderly people.

scholarly journals Study of thyroid volume by ultrasonography in clinically euthyroid patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kayastha ◽  
S Paudel ◽  
DM Shrestha ◽  
RJ Ghimire ◽  
S Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to establish reference ranges of total thyroid volume among clinically euthyroid Nepalese population using Ultrasonography and correlate this volume with age, sex, individual’s built and geographic location. Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 485 clinically euthyroid individuals. B - mode Ultrasonography was used to measure the total thyroid volume by combining the volume of both the lobes obtained by using formula for prolate ellipsoid. Age specific reference values for thyroid volume were obtained and Pearson correlation test was used to see the relationship with various factors. Results: Among 485 individuals between 1 to 83 years of age, 221(45.57%) were males and 264(54.43%) were females. Maximum [354 individuals (72.99%)] were from hilly region and minimum [16 individual (3.30%)] were from Himalayan region. Mean thyroid volume was 6.629 ± 2.5025 ml. In general, thyroid volume was found to be more in older individuals than in young age group. There was no significant difference of thyroid volume between males and females. Thyroid volume best correlated with body surface area (r=0.444, p<0.0001). The volume had a positive correlation with weight (r=0.443, p<0.0001), body mass index (r=0.371, p<0.0001) and height (r=0.320, p<0.0001) of the individual. Conclusions: This study estimated the reference range of total thyroid volume for Nepalese population. These ranges are significantly lower than the WHO/ICCIDD thyroid volume references and reference values obtained in various other countries. Total thyroid volume best correlated with Body surface area. Keywords: Body surface area; clinically euthyroid; total thyroid volume; ultrasonography DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joim.v32i2.4944 Journal of Institute of Medicine, August, 2010; 32: 36-43

scholarly journals Effect of Tamsulosin Use on Plasma Insulin Status in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients in Sokoto, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-548
Author(s):  
M Dikko ◽  
S.O. Bello ◽  
A. Chika ◽  
I.A. Mungadi ◽  
Y. Sarkingobir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elevated Glucose ◽  
Baseline Values

The objective of this paper was to determine the effect of tamsulosin use on plasma insulin status in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients in Sokoto, Nigeria. Standard methods and procedures were used. At 2nd and 3rd months of tamsulosin use, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in plasma insulin values compared to baseline. Likewise, at 4th month of tamsulosin use, a significant increase (P<0.05) in plasma insulin values was revealed compared to baseline and 2nd month values. Other inter-mean values comparisons were not significantly different (P>0.05). Plasma insulin at 4th months of the study in BPH patients (45-54 years) treated with tamsulosin revealed a significant increase (P<0.05) compared to baseline values. Other inter-mean values comparisons were not significantly different (P>0.05). BPH patients (aged 55-64 years) at 3rd month showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in plasma insulin values compared to baseline values. Likewise, at 4th month of tamsulosin use, a significant increase  (P<0.05) in plasma insulin values was seen compared to baseline and 1st month values. Other inter-mean values comparisons were not significantly different (P>0.05). In BPH patients aged 65 and above, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in plasma insulin values from 1st through 4th month compared to baseline and other inter mean values comparisons. Plasma insulin at 0th , 1st , 2nd , 3rd and 4th months of BPH patients of different age groups treated with tamsulosin revealed no significant differences (P>0.05). This study revealed that tamsulosin use in the patients lead to significant increase in plasma insulin level (hyperinsulinemia). Careful and routine monitoring of BPH patients should be done. Patients need enough exercise activities and some drugs can be administered to alleviate elevated glucose or insulin. Keywords: Tamsulosin, hyperinsulinemia, benign prostatic hyperplasia patients, insulin resistance

scholarly journals P0316RELATION OF RENAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS WITH BODY HEIGHT

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrijana Spasovska Vasilova ◽  
Lada Trajcheska ◽  
Mimoza Milenkova ◽  
Aleksandra Canevska ◽  
Angela Kabova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Kidney Size ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney size has been found to be correlated with anthropometric features and is different among different ethnicities. In this study, we used ultrasonography for measurement of kidney volumes in healthy individuals and evaluated the relationships with body height, age and gender. Method We conducted a cross-sectional observational study and evaluated 108 healthy individuals whose serum creatinine level was within reference range. Patients’ medical clinical and laboratory records were reviewed. Age, gender and height were recorded. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the strength of association between ultrasonographic parameters with each other and with other parameters, and were expressed as r2. Variations in left and right renal dimensions between various age groups were compared using a one-way analysis of variance, followed by a post-hoc Tukey's test. Results Subjects’ age ranged from 16 to 84 years and the mean age was over 50 years. There was an equal distribution among genders. Strong and positive correlations were seen for the measured length, parenchyma thickness and also for both total and parenchymal volumes with subjects’ height for both kidneys. The strongest correlations were observed for the left and right kidney length and also for the right kidney parenchymal volume (r=0.536, p=0.001; r=0.469, p=0.001; r=0.44, p=0.001). On the opposite, most of the relations with age were negative, but week and insignificant. When we divided the study subjects into three age groups and compared them for the height, there was no significant difference among them. Regarding the parenchymal and total kidney volumes of both kidneys, the different age groups showed similar findings in the ultrasonographic measurements. The mean calculated volumes were slightly declining with age and showed the largest values in the first group of patients under 30 years and lowest values in patients over 70 years old. Ultrasonographic measurements were also compared among the two genders. Both (men and women) showed similar age (53.55 ± 18.22 vs. 50.79 ± 18.13 p= 0.430, respectively). As for the height, men were significantly taller than women (1.734 ± 0.007 vs.1.637 ± 0.005, p= 0.001). The kidney length, volume and parenchymal volumes of both kidneys were significantly larger in men. Conclusion Renal length and volume are strongly correlated with body height. This relation must be considered in clinical decisions on further investigations regarding kidney disease progression.

Differentiation Between Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes – A Pilot Study with Transtemporal Investigation of Brain Parenchyma Elasticity Using Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ertl ◽  
Margarethe Woeckel ◽  
Christoph Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Acoustic Radiation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mass Effects ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Ultrasound shear wave elastography is well established in diagnostics of several parenchymatous organs and is recommended by respective guidelines. So far, research about applications in relevant neurological conditions is missing, especially in adults. Here we aimed to examine the method for the differentiation of ischemic (IS) and hemorrhagic strokes (HS) and cerebral mass effects. Materials & Methods 50 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of HS or IS were enrolled in this prospective study. 2D shear wave elastography was performed on the ipsilateral and the contralateral side with a modified acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technique (ElastPQ mode, Philips). Lesion volumetry was conducted based on computed tomography data for correlation with elastography results. Results Elastography measurements (EM) revealed a highly significant difference between IS and HS with mean values of 1.94 and 5.50 kPa, respectively (p < 0.00 001). Mean values of brain tissue on the non-affected side were almost identical (IS 3.38 (SD = 0.63); HS 3.35 (SD = 0.66); p = 0.91). With a sensitivity of 0.98 and a specificity of 0.99, a cut-off value of 3.52 kPa for discrimination could be calculated. There was a significant correlation of mass effect represented by midline shift and EM values on the contralateral side (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.68, p < 0.0003). Conclusion Ultrasound brain parenchyma elastography seems to be a reliable sonographic method for discriminating between large IS and HS and for detecting and tracking conditions of intracerebral mass effects.

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