scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of AOMDV and AODV in City Scenario With Changeable Traffic Density in VANETS BLSTM With Attention Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Devi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Attention Mechanism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract The survey indicates that VANETs use two vital routing protocols namely AODV and AOMDV. AODV is implemented by providing a single dedicated path between source and receiver and it doesn’t search for the alternate path in the case of an emergency situation. On the other hand, AOMDV is implemented by providing an intermediate participant node to reach the receiver i.e., it provides multipath and unlike AODV, it searches for the alternate path in the case of an emergency situation. Due to this capability, AOMDV finds its application in broad areas of research. In this paper, both the protocols are established and their performances are analyzed in terms of PDR, PLR, E2E, and Throughput. The simulation results are obtained using NS2.34. Using these results, the appropriate protocols can be implemented in real-time for various city environments with changeable traffic density and topography in the established network.

Minimal Size of Counters for (Real-Time) Multicounter Automata

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 99-127
Author(s):  
Viliam Geffert ◽  
Zuzana Bednárová
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Binary Representation ◽  
Minimal Size ◽  
Nondeterministic Automaton ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Weak Space ◽  
Fixed Constant

We show that, for automata using a finite number of counters, the minimal space that is required for accepting a nonregular language is (log n)ɛ. This is required for weak space bounds on the size of their counters, for real-time and one-way, and for nondeterministic and alternating versions of these automata. The same holds for two-way automata, independent of whether they work with strong or weak space bounds, and of whether they are deterministic, nondeterministic, or alternating. (Here ɛ denotes an arbitrarily small—but fixed—constant; the “space” refers to the values stored in the counters, rather than to the lengths of their binary representation.) On the other hand, we show that the minimal space required for accepting a nonregular language is nɛ for multicounter automata with strong space bounds, both for real-time and one-way versions, independent of whether they are deterministic, nondeterministic, or alternating, and also for real-time and one-way deterministic multicounter automata with weak space bounds. All these bounds are optimal both for unary and general nonregular languages. However, for automata equipped with only one counter, it was known that one-way nondeterministic automata cannot recognize any unary nonregular languages at all, even if the size of the counter is not restricted, while, with weak space bound log n, we present a real-time nondeterministic automaton recognizing a binary nonregular language here.

The Simulation Analysis of MOSFET Channel Stress for Different Oxide/Nitride/Oxide (ONO) Spacer Thicknesses

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 436-439
Author(s):  
J.Y. Chen ◽  
Z.H. Chen ◽  
K.C. Lin ◽  
M.J. Twu ◽  
Y.H. Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strained Si ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Spacer Thickness ◽  
Nitride Oxide ◽  
The Impact

It is demonstrated that the strained-Si can enhance the channel stress with the contact etching stop layer (CESL) stressor. In addition to CESL, this article also includes ONO spacer and investigates the impact of ONO spacer thickness on the channel stress. It is found that the channel stress increases when the nitride thickness of the ONO spacer increases. On the other hand, the stress distribution is simulated and analyzed for the devices with or without CESL stressor. Generally speaking, based on the simulation results, the channel stress of MOSFET devices increases when the nitride stressor of ONO spacer and/or CESL increases.

Construction of Motion Model of Motion Simulation System of Airport Fire Engine Simulator

2013 ◽  
Vol 765-767 ◽  
pp. 634-638
Author(s):  
Li Shan Jia ◽  
Li Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Motion Simulation ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Quality Requirement ◽  
Virtual Training ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fire Engine ◽  
Setting Parameters

To the high real-time quality requirement of motion simulation system of airport fire engine simulator, a simulation system with simplified motion model was promoted. The simplified motion model simplifies motion model of vehicle based on application requirement of virtual training of vehicle driving. On one hand, the simplification can reduce calculation amount of simulation, on the other hand, the simplification can make it easier to get parameters of model. Motion simulation system based on simplified motion model of airport fire engine was constructed and experiment was taken. Experiment showed that the motion simulation system has high calculation speed and good fidelity through setting parameters properly.

String Generation by Cellular Automata

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-132
Author(s):  
Martin Kutrib ◽  
◽  
Andreas Malcher ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Closure Properties ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

In contrast to many investigations of cellular automata with regard to their ability to accept inputs under certain time constraints, in this paper we are studying cellular automata with regard to their ability to generate strings in real time. Structural properties such as speedup results and closure properties are investigated. On the one hand, constructions for the closure under intersection, reversal and length-preserving homomorphism are presented, whereas on the other hand the nonclosure under union, complementation and arbitrary homomorphism are obtained. Finally, decidability questions such as emptiness, finiteness, equivalence, inclusion, regularity and context-freeness are addressed.

Performance Evaluation of Different Backoff Algorithms in IEEE 802.15.4 using Double Sensing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Md. Mohibur Rahaman ◽  
Mohammad Khairul Islam ◽  
Kazi Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Sanaullah Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Exponential Decrease ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Personal Area Network ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Better Than

<p>The IEEE 802.15.4 is the standard for Low Rate Wireless Personal Area network (LR-WPAN). It is widely used in many application areas. The standard uses Slotted CSMA/CA mechanism in its contention access period (CAP) for the beacon enabled mode. The protocol has two modes - single sensing (SS) and double sensing (DS). The protocol also adopts a binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm. In this paper, we explore the saturation throughput, delay and energy consumption of this standard with double sensing (DS) using the existing BEB algorithm. We also investigate three other backoff schemes - exponential increase exponential decrease (EIED), exponential increase linear decrease (EILD) and exponential increase multiplicative decrease (EIMD). From simulation results, it is found that the EIED, EILD, EIMD perform better than the BEB for higher loads. It shows that the EIED, EILD, EIMD have better throughput and lower delay than the BEB. The EIED outperforms the other schemes in terms of throughput, delay and energy for the higher loads.</p>

Science with the Australia Telescope (Invited Paper)

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Real ◽  
New Science ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Compact Array

AbstractThe research now under way with the real-time 275 km Parkes-Tidbinbila interferometer is used as a guide to the initial science to be undertaken with the 319 km Australia Telescope (AT) Long Baseline Array. On the other hand, it is risky to guess at the new science likely to be attempted with the 6 km AT Compact Array at Culgoora; instead the potential that has been built into this array is discussed and a selection of basic questions in astrophysics is posed as a guide to significant science that might yield to new observers on a fresh instrument under the southern skies. In conclusion two questions are probed: Can discoveries be made by users of national facilities? Does the AT cross into new domains in the phase space of observations?

Visibility Analysis of GNSS Satellites in Mountainous Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 888-892
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Wen Wei Duan ◽  
Long Yang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Visibility Analysis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Elevation Model

A novel method of analyzing the visibility of GNSS satellites in mountainous area is proposed by taking advantage of target area’s digital elevation model (DEM) data and GNSS almanac. The key point is calculating the obstacle elevation on the basis of target points’ visible range. Simulation results show that both different target points at the same time and same point at different time have different situation of visible satellites on the condition with or without obstacle. On the other hand, this method contributes lots to determine the distribution of pseudolites in mountainous area.

scholarly journals Tools for Performance Assessment of OLSR Protocol

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ikeda ◽  
Leonard Barolli ◽  
Giuseppe De Marco ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Arjan Durresi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Other ◽  
Link State ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol by experimental and simulation results. The experiments are carried out by using our implemented testbed and the simulations by using ns-2 simulator. We also designed and implemented a new interface for the ad-hoc network testbed in order to make more easier the experiments. The comparison between experimental and simulation results shows that for the same parameters set, in the simulation we did not notice any packet loss. On the other hand, in the experiments we experienced packet loss because of the environment effects and traffic interference.

scholarly journals Angular Position Control of 3-Cars Crane System Using Proposed Fuzzy-PID Controller

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.) ◽  
Author(s):  
Şahin YILDIRIM
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fuzzy Pid ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Fuzzy Pid Controller ◽  
Simulation Results

This paper presents a novel control approach for 3 cars crane systems. Nowadays; some problems for carrying unpredicted loads of crane systems exist. On the other hand; long bar loads are very important to carry without touch on other materials in factories. In this simulation study, fuzzy based controllers were designed to control vibrations of 3 cars crane system. The simulation results are improved and show this kind of controllers will be employed in real time such systems.

scholarly journals Control a 2-Axis Servomechanism by Gesture Recognition Using a Generic WebCam

10.5772/5803 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. R. S. Tavares ◽  
R. Ferreira ◽  
F. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gesture Recognition ◽  
Learning Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Sets ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Control Image

This paper presents two approaches used to control a 2-axis servomechanism by gesture recognition. For both approaches, the adopted control philosophy was: In the system's learning phase, the control images are acquired by a generic webcam and associated to the desired orders. On the other hand, in the working phase, each control image is acquired, by the same webcam and, by comparison with the stored orders images, the desired order is recognized and processed by the servomechanism in quasi real time. In this paper, the used servomechanism and both implemented approaches are described, and are indicated some advantages and weakness of each one. Two examples of images control sets are also presented, and some conclusions and future works are addressed.

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