Mislocalisation of Pax7 and Its Interaction with Importin-α1 (KPNA2) in Dystrophin-Deficient Myoblasts

Abstract Background: Pax 7 is one of the key factors in the development of tissues and organs during embryogenesis. It has been suggested that Pax7 may play a major role during myogenesis. Our previous study has shown that Pax7 cell is attenuated in the mdx embryo during gestation as well as in dystrophic muscle indicating that an absence of dystrophin in muscle affects pax7 regulation in Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the Pax7 expression pattern as well as their specific transport protein in dystrophin-deficient myoblasts at postnatal/juvenile stage. Methods: In this study, dfd13 (dystrophin-deficient) and C2C12 (non-dystrophic) myoblasts were cultured under normal conditions prior to further analyse its expression pattern at proliferating stage via western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. Protein prediction and protein interaction study was done via in silico and co-immunoprecipitation analyses, respectively.Results: It was found that Pax7 localised in the cytoplasm of dystrophin-deficient myoblasts and high expression retained during differentiation. Co-localisation analysis of Pax7 with subcellular markers indicated that Pax7 is highly synthesised at their proliferative state. Interestingly, it is shown that Pax7 possess a nuclear location signal and KPNA2 was suggested as an escort protein for Pax7 translocation into the nucleus. Conclusion: For the first time, our study showed that Pax7 is mislocalised in dystrophin-deficient myoblasts and it is postulated that KPNA2 is the karyopherin-α which might be responsible for Pax7 translocation into the nucleus.

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The Sayan borderlands: Tuva’s ethnocultural landscapes in changing natural and sociocultural environments

GEOGRAPHY ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABILITY ◽

10.24057/2071-9388-2019-76 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 29-36

Author(s):

D. A. Dirin ◽

Paul Fryer

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscapes ◽

Field Studies ◽

Social Environments ◽

Key Factors ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Literary Sources ◽

Population Migrations ◽

The Republic ◽

Sociocultural Processes ◽

First Time

The paper is devoted to ethno-cultural landscapes of the Republic of Tuva. Ethnocultural landscapes (ECLs) are specific socio-environmental systems that developed as a result of the interaction of ethnic groups with their natural and social environments and are in a constant process of transformation. An attempt is made to identify the mechanisms of the formation, functioning and dynamics of ethnocultural landscapes in the specific conditions of the intracontinental cross-border mountain region, as well as to establish the main factors-catalysts of their modern changes. For the first time an attempt is made to delimit and map the ethnocultural landscapes of Tuva. For this, literary sources, statistical data and thematic maps of different times are analyzed using geoinformation methods. The results of 2014-2018 field studies are also used, during which interviews with representatives of different ethno-territorial, gender, age and social groups were taken. It is revealed that the key factors of Tuva’s ethnocultural landscape genesis are the natural isolation of its territory; the features of its landscape structure; the role of government; population migrations from other regions and the cultural diffusion provoked by them. 13 ethnocultural landscapes are identified at the regional level. Their modern transformation is determined by the shift of climatic cycles, aridisation, globalisation of sociocultural processes, changes in economic specialisation and ethnopsychological stereotypes.

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Improving the Strength of Abrasive Wheels and Optimizing the Control over the Strength of Composite Abrasive Materials

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.380 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 946 ◽

pp. 380-385

Author(s):

Boris A. Chaplygin ◽

Viacheslav V. Shirokov ◽

Tat'yana A. Lisovskaya ◽

Roman A. Lisovskiy

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Test Results ◽

Key Factors ◽

Special Equipment ◽

Material Density ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Control Factors ◽

Reinforcing Material ◽

Special Studies ◽

First Time

The strength of abrasive wheels is one of the key factors affecting the performance of abrasive machining. The paper discusses ways to improve the strength of abrasive wheels. The stress-state mathematical model presented herein is a generalization of the existing models. It is used herein to find for the first time that there are numerous optimal combinations of the elastic modulus and reinforcing material density, which result in the same minimum value of the objective function. It is found out that increasing the radius of the reinforcing component while also optimizing the mechanical properties of its material may increase the permissible breaking speed of the wheel several times. We herein present a regression equation and a nomogram for finding the optimal combination of control factors. Conventional methods for testing the mechanical properties of materials, which have been proven reliable for testing metals and alloys, are not as reliable for testing abrasive materials, as the test results they generate are not sufficiently stable or accurate. We therefore propose an alternative method that does not require any special equipment or special studies.

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Simultaneous determination of Rivaroxaban and TAK-438 in rat plasma by LC–MS/MS: application to pharmacokinetic interaction study

Bioanalysis ◽

10.4155/bio-2019-0130 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 11-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Libin Wang ◽

Shouchang Gai ◽

Xiaorui Zhang ◽

Xiaohui Xu ◽

Nan Gou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Interactions ◽

Internal Standard ◽

Pharmacokinetic Interaction ◽

Rat Plasma ◽

Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽

Interaction Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Us Fda ◽

First Time

Aim: A sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method has been established and validated to the quantitation of rivaroxaban (RIV) and TAK-438 in rat plasma using carbamazepine as internal standard. Results: The procedure of method validation was conducted according to the guidelines of EMA and US FDA. At the same time, the method was applied to pharmacokinetic interactions study between RIV and TAK-438 for the first time. When RIV and TAK-438 co-administration to rats, main pharmacokinetic parameters of TAK-438 like AUC(0-t), AUC(0-∞) and Cmax had statistically significant increase. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of RIV have no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) when co-administered except for t1/2 (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The results indicated that drug–drug interactions occurred between RIV and TAK-438 when co-administered to rats.

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The Research of Key Factors Influencing Ecological Civilization Consciousness of College Students Based on Ant Colony Clustering Algorithm

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.894 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 472 ◽

pp. 894-898

Author(s):

Wen Jiao Xing ◽

Xue Hua Zhang ◽

Hong Wei Zhang

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Clustering Algorithm ◽

Well Being ◽

Ant Colony ◽

Human Consciousness ◽

Key Factors ◽

Ecological Civilization ◽

Ant Colony Clustering ◽

First Time

Ecological civilization construction is related to not only peoples well-being, but also the long term plan of a countrys development and revitalization. This research applied ant colony clustering algorithm to study the feasibility and key factors of ecological civilization promotion in the college students It is the first time that quantitative method was introduced into the human consciousness research. The results show that college students have known the situation of resources and environmental problems well, which is a advantage for the promotion of ecological civilization concept. However, the role that colleges play in ecological civilization promotion has not performed fully. And above two items are the key factors to promote ecological civilization promotion.

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Lipopolysaccharide Induces a Significant Increase in Expression of Iron Regulatory Hormone Hepcidin in the Cortex and Substantia Nigra in Rat Brain

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2007-1626 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 149 (8) ◽

pp. 3920-3925 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Qin Wang ◽

Fang Du ◽

Zhong-Ming Qian ◽

Xiao Hu Ge ◽

Li Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substantia Nigra ◽

Iron Homeostasis ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Iron Regulation ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Immunofluorescence Analysis ◽

Specific Regulation ◽

First Time ◽

The Brain ◽

Hepcidin Mrna

Hepcidin plays an essential role in maintaining normal iron homeostasis outside the brain. This recently discovered iron regulation hormone is predominantly expressed in the liver, and regulated by iron and hypoxia. As an antimicrobial peptide, this hormone is also elevated during infections and inflammation. In this study we investigated the expression of hepcidin mRNA and protein in different brain regions, including the cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and substantia nigra, and the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of hepcidin using quantitative real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. Our data provided further evidence for the existence of hepcidin in all the regions we examined. We also demonstrated for the first time that LPS administration by iv injection can regulate the expression of hepcidin mRNA and protein not only in peripheral organs such as the liver, but also in the brain. LPS induced a significant increase in the expression of hepcidin mRNA and protein in the cortex and substantia nigra, but not in the hippocampus and striatum, indicating a regionally specific regulation of LPS on hepcidin in the brain. The relevant mechanisms and the functions of hepcidin in the brain remain to be elucidated.

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Distribution of FcRn Across Species and Tissues

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1369/0022155417705095 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 321-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Sari Latvala ◽

Bjoern Jacobsen ◽

Michael B. Otteneder ◽

Annika Herrmann ◽

Sven Kronenberg

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Expression Pattern ◽

Clinical Safety ◽

Safety Testing ◽

Type Molecule ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Von Willebrand ◽

First Time

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is a major histocompatibility complex class I type molecule that binds to, transports, and recycles immunoglobulin G (IgG) and albumin, thereby protecting them from lysosomal degradation. Therefore, besides the knowledge of FcRn affinity, FcRn protein expression is critical in understanding the pharmacokinetic behavior of Fc-containing biotherapeutics such as monoclonal antibodies. The goal of this investigation was to achieve for the first time a comparative assessment of FcRn distribution across a variety of tissues and species. FcRn was mapped in about 20 tissues including placenta from human and the most frequently used species in non-clinical safety testing of monoclonal antibodies (mouse, rat, cynomolgus monkey). In addition, the FcRn expression pattern was characterized in two humanized transgenic mouse lines (Tg32 and Tg276) expressing human FcRn under different promoters, and in the severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse. Consecutive sections were stained with specific markers, namely, anti-CD68 for macrophages and anti–von Willebrand Factor for endothelial cells. Overall, the FcRn expression pattern was comparable across species and tissues with consistent expression of FcRn in endothelial cells and interstitial macrophages, Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, enterocytes, and choroid plexus epithelium. The human FcRn transgenic mouse Tg276 showed a different and much more widespread staining pattern of FcRn. In addition, immunodeficiency and lack of IgG in SCID mice had no negative effect on FcRn expression compared with wild-type mice.

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The Cycle of Female Prisoner (Re)Integration: Pathways, criminal justice and imprisonment

10.26686/wgtn.17008132.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Hannah Bentley

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Methodology ◽

Female Offender ◽

Key Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Female Prisoner ◽

Women’S Experiences ◽

Treatment Services ◽

Women's Experiences ◽

First Time ◽

Gender Specific

<p>With increasing rates of female imprisonment, and female prisoner re-imprisonment rates of 33% for first time prisoners and 48% for recidivist prisoners within four years, women’s experiences of (re)integration are in need of examination. Issues of abuse, addiction, economic, social and political deprivation and poor education are not only seen to underpin women’s pathways into crime, but also the treatment of female offenders within a system that has redefined their welfare needs as risks. Using a feminist, qualitative methodology that provides often unheard women with a voice, semi-structured interviews were conducted with female ex-prisoners and those who work with women once released from prison. Interviews examined women’s experiences of release and the areas that contribute to successful or unsuccessful (re)integration. Findings reveal that support networks, release conditions, employment, accommodation and treatment services are key factors that either help or hinder women’s (re)integration. Consistent with literature on women’s (re)integration, interviews further revealed that female offender pathways are not addressed prior to, during, or after release from prison. To address such problems, this thesis argues that collaborative, holistic, gender-specific programmes, that are tailored to meet women’s daily needs and experiences, are required both within the community and prisons.</p>

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Forced Virtuality During COVID-19

Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O ◽

10.1026/0932-4089/a000366 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 244-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nathalie Schauffel ◽

Thomas Ellwart

Keyword(s):

Technology Acceptance ◽

Behavioral Intention ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Key Factors ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Performance Expectancy ◽

Digital Services ◽

Technology Acceptance Models ◽

Effort Expectancy ◽

First Time

Abstract. Social distancing received top priority during the COVID-19 crisis, resulting in new users of public digital services (PDS) with heterogeneous use motivation. While some users decided to use a PDS voluntarily and independently of COVID-19, others were forced to use PDS because of the COVID-19 lockdown. Based on technology acceptance models, we compared forced users ( N1 = 346) and voluntary users ( N2 = 315) using latent multigroup analysis. First-time users of a PDS ( N = 661) participated in the survey after reporting a crime online to the police. Results showed that forced and voluntary users differed regarding key factors (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, behavioral intention) and antecedents (system trust, ICT self-concept) of technology acceptance with less positive values for forced users. Further, forced users had stronger needs for system trust and usefulness (performance expectancy) than voluntary users, revealing user group-specific predictive values. The lessons learned for PDS design and marketing beyond pandemic times are discussed.

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Receptiveness of Islamic Home Financing among Malaysians: A Revisit

International Journal of Business and Society ◽

10.33736/ijbs.3294.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 784-802

Author(s):

Khadijah Muhammad Sayuti ◽

Hanudin Amin ◽

Dzuljastri Abdul Razak ◽

Hamid Rizal

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽

Subjective Norm ◽

Behavioural Control ◽

Islamic Banks ◽

Key Factors ◽

Perceived Behavioural Control ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Bank Managers ◽

First Time ◽

House Buyers

This study examines the effects of the key factors influencing the intention of first-time house buyers to choose Islamic home financing products. First-time house buyers are selected since they are the major segment of Islamic banks' profit for the Islamic mortgage sector. Drawing upon the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this study proposes a model to test the effects of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control on the intention of selecting Islamic home financing. This study also examines the effect of "perceived customer taqwa” on customer receptiveness to Islamic home financing. Based on 150 usable questionnaires, PLS results indicate that attitude and perceived behavioural control of the TPB are instrumental in determining the receptiveness of Islamic home financing products. Besides, the added factor, namely, perceived customer taqwa is influential in explaining the receptiveness- implying that God-fearing and God-conscious in oneself resulted in strong intention to opt for halal products. The findings demonstrate that the enhancement of measurement items for TPB factors as well as generation of new factor reflecting Islamic home financing are relevant in determining one’s decision of Islamic home financing. Besides, the findings could offer support to Islamic bank managers to enhance their planning for Islamic home financing products and develop effective strategies accordingly that benefit their customers.

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Biodiversity among Brettanomyces bruxellensis Strains Isolated from Different Wine Regions of Chile: Key Factors Revealed about Its Tolerance to Sulphite

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8040557 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 557

Author(s):

Camila G-Poblete ◽

Irina Charlot Peña-Moreno ◽

Marcos Antonio de Morais ◽

Sandra Moreira ◽

María Angélica Ganga

Keyword(s):

Protective Action ◽

Wine Industry ◽

Acid Decarboxylase ◽

Decarboxylase Activity ◽

Coumaric Acid ◽

Key Factors ◽

Volatile Phenols ◽

Brettanomyces Bruxellensis ◽

Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽

First Time

Brettanomyces bruxellensis is regarded as the main spoilage microorganism in the wine industry, owing to its production of off-flavours. It is difficult to eradicate owing to its high tolerance of adverse environmental conditions, such as low nutrient availability, low pH, and high levels of ethanol and SO2. In this study, the production of volatile phenols and the growth kinetics of isolates from various regions of Chile were evaluated under stressful conditions. Through randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, 15 strains were identified. These were grown in the presence of p-coumaric acid, a natural antimicrobial and the main precursor of off-flavours, and molecular sulfur dioxide (mSO2), an antimicrobial synthetic used in the wine industry. When both compounds were used simultaneously, there were clear signs of an improvement in the fitness of most of the isolates, which showed an antagonistic interaction in which p-coumaric acid mitigates the effects of SO2. Fourteen strains were able to produce 4-vinylphenol, which showed signs of phenylacrylic acid decarboxylase activity, and most of them produced 4-ethylphenol as a result of active vinylphenol reductase. These results demonstrate for the first time the serious implications of using p-coumaric acid, not only for the production of off-flavours, but also for its protective action against the toxic effects of SO2.

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