The Cycle of Female Prisoner (Re)Integration: Pathways, criminal justice and imprisonment

<p>With increasing rates of female imprisonment, and female prisoner re-imprisonment rates of 33% for first time prisoners and 48% for recidivist prisoners within four years, women’s experiences of (re)integration are in need of examination. Issues of abuse, addiction, economic, social and political deprivation and poor education are not only seen to underpin women’s pathways into crime, but also the treatment of female offenders within a system that has redefined their welfare needs as risks. Using a feminist, qualitative methodology that provides often unheard women with a voice, semi-structured interviews were conducted with female ex-prisoners and those who work with women once released from prison. Interviews examined women’s experiences of release and the areas that contribute to successful or unsuccessful (re)integration. Findings reveal that support networks, release conditions, employment, accommodation and treatment services are key factors that either help or hinder women’s (re)integration. Consistent with literature on women’s (re)integration, interviews further revealed that female offender pathways are not addressed prior to, during, or after release from prison. To address such problems, this thesis argues that collaborative, holistic, gender-specific programmes, that are tailored to meet women’s daily needs and experiences, are required both within the community and prisons.</p>

The Cycle of Female Prisoner (Re)Integration: Pathways, criminal justice and imprisonment

<p>With increasing rates of female imprisonment, and female prisoner re-imprisonment rates of 33% for first time prisoners and 48% for recidivist prisoners within four years, women’s experiences of (re)integration are in need of examination. Issues of abuse, addiction, economic, social and political deprivation and poor education are not only seen to underpin women’s pathways into crime, but also the treatment of female offenders within a system that has redefined their welfare needs as risks. Using a feminist, qualitative methodology that provides often unheard women with a voice, semi-structured interviews were conducted with female ex-prisoners and those who work with women once released from prison. Interviews examined women’s experiences of release and the areas that contribute to successful or unsuccessful (re)integration. Findings reveal that support networks, release conditions, employment, accommodation and treatment services are key factors that either help or hinder women’s (re)integration. Consistent with literature on women’s (re)integration, interviews further revealed that female offender pathways are not addressed prior to, during, or after release from prison. To address such problems, this thesis argues that collaborative, holistic, gender-specific programmes, that are tailored to meet women’s daily needs and experiences, are required both within the community and prisons.</p>

Motivasi Perempuan Pelaku Pembunuhan (Studi Kasus pada Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan Kelas IIA Palembang)

Prisoners' life is a pattern of activities or activities carried out for inmates and grouped in a place that is not free (movement) as a form of being responsible for all their actions in order to lead them to correct actions according to law and religion in the hope that they can repent and regret everything his actions when he is free later. The term for female prisoners who are fostered in a correctional facility is a prisoner or a correctional client. The crime of murder committed by a woman is indeed very hard to believe during human civilization on this earth. The life that is lived by a female prisoner in a correctional facility often causes her to face various psychological problems, including the loss of her personality as a result of rules and ways of life that are very different from life lived outside the Penitentiary. This study aims to determine what the motivation of a woman to commit a murder crime and how to deal with the psychological conditions of female prisoners who commit a murder crime.

The landscape of maternal imprisonment: caregiving and family life

This chapter provides an overview of maternal imprisonment. The prison population in England and Wales is twice as large as it was in 1993. On any one day, just under 4,000 women are detained in prisons serving England and Wales; meanwhile, 8,000 women entered prison in 2017. When applying a family-centred lens to analyse these trends, a critical concern is the significant repercussions that this brings to the whole family because as the female prisoner population grows, so does the number of children separated from their mothers requiring replacement caregivers. However, being in prison does not remove a mother's willingness to continue mothering or automatically strip her of her legal parental responsibility in England and Wales. Instead, it is by virtue of the detainment that being imprisoned significantly alters, if not compromises, many of the roles and practices that a mother had previously undertaken. Most notably, this includes the daily care of children. The chapter then looks at the reallocation of caregiving following maternal imprisonment.

The Development and Validation of a Classification System Predicting Severe and Frequent Prison Misconduct

This study presents the results from the development and validation of a fully automated, gender-specific risk assessment system designed to predict severe and frequent prison misconduct on a recurring, semiannual basis. K-fold and split-population methods were applied to train and test the predictive models. Regularized logistic regression was the classifier used on the training and test sets that contained 35,506 males and 3,849 females who were released from Minnesota prisons between 2006 and 2011. Using multiple metrics, the results showed the models achieved a relatively high level of predictive performance. For example, the average area under the curve (AUC) was 0.832 for the female prisoner models and 0.836 for the male prisoner models. The findings provide support for the notion that better predictive performance can be obtained by developing assessments that are customized to the population on which they will be used.

Safeguarding children during the arrest of their primary carer mothers: The role of the police

In Australia, the female prisoner population is expanding, with the majority also being mothers of dependent children. Research has demonstrated that witnessing the arrest of a family member, particularly a parent, can have both an immediate and long-term impact on children’s well-being. Yet, little is known about what causes these outcomes and how children are responded to by police during the arrest process. The aim of this study is to investigate incarcerated primary carer mothers’ perspectives on their arrest circumstances, its impact on their children, and police responses to their children during the arrest process. This study draws on secondary data from 36 primary carer mothers arrested in Victoria, which were originally gathered for an Australian Research Council-funded project. Results show that in around one-half of cases children are present at their mothers’ arrest. The location and time of the arrest can mediate children’s involvement in the arrest scene. Overall, police do not respond well to these children, with discussion between police officers and the mothers about suitable care for children occurring in less than two-thirds of cases. It can be concluded that children’s needs are not fully addressed at the arrest process. More child-sensitive arrest practices are recommended.

Maternidade no cárcere: desafios do sistema carcerário brasileiro

RESUMOO presente artigo tem por objeto analisar os desafios da maternidade no ambiente intramuros - compreendendo o período gestacional, parto e pós-parto – e trata da violência de gênero no contexto prisional, uma vez que não são atendidas as particularidades da mulher, especificamente no exercício da maternidade. O estudo também abordará o tema sob a perspectiva da clara inobservância da Proteção Integral da criança e da convivência familiar. Diante das razões, ficou constatado o descaso do Estado em efetivar as normas que visam garantir a proteção da dignidade humana da presa e seu (sua) filho (a). Os meios utilizados foram a revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa jurisprudencial, a análise de legislações específicas, trabalhos científicos e documentos relacionados ao tema, como acordos internacionais e dados estatísticos de relatórios de órgãos oficiais. PALAVRAS-CHAVECárcere. Maternidade. Sistema carcerário brasileiro. ABSTRACTThis paper aims to analyze the challenges of motherhood in the prison system - comprehending the gestational period, childbirth and postpartum - and deals with gender violence in the prison context, since the particularities of women are not attended, specifically in the exercise of motherhood. The study will also approach the subject from the perspective of the evident non-compliance of the Comprehensive Protection of children and family coexistence. In view of the facts, it was verified the disregard of the government about the implementation of standards that would guarantee the protection of the human dignity of the female prisoner and her child. The methods were the bibliographic review, jurisprudential research, the analysis of specific legislation, scientific papers and documents related to the subject, such as international agreements and statistical data of official agency reports. KEYWORDSPrison. Motherhood. Brazilian prison system.

The Criminal Prosecution Strands of Restraints on Government

The legal restraints on public power during the colonial and early national periods included criminal prosecutions of officeholders, which could be pursued by both by private citizens and public prosecutors. We have only episodic knowledge of American private criminal prosecutions and thus cannot confidently generalize about their characteristics, as the Supreme Court seems to have recognized in Robertson v. United States ex rel. Watson (2010). Even today, the law on both the state and federal levels is continuing to evolve. In contrast, ample data shows that public criminal prosecution of officeholders has long been common and well-accepted. This chapter provides some examples from both sides of the Atlantic from the sixteenth through eighteenth century (e.g. prosecution of: London sheriffs Skynner and Catcher for gross abuse of female prisoners; General Thomas Picton, former Governor of Barbados, for ordering torture of native female prisoner to secure confession; North Carolina Secretary of State James Glasgow for issuing fraudulent land warrant; New Hampshire officials for failure to perform statutory duties).