scholarly journals Cellulose Nanofibers and Reducing Sugars from Soybean Straw: An Investigation of the Enzymatic Activity and the Biomass Concentration Effect by Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Cristina da Silva ◽  
Bruno Stefani Esposto ◽  
Bianca Chieregato Maniglia ◽  
Delia Rita Tapia-Blácido ◽  
Milena Martelli Tosi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Simultaneous Production ◽  
Soybean Straw

Abstract This study investigated the effect of different conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis on the production of nanofibers and reducing sugars from soybean straw. The milled and sieved lignocellulosic biomass underwent two an alkaline pretreatment using NaOH 5% (PT1) or 17.5% (PT2), bleaching (H2O2 4%) and enzymatic (Optimash VR™; Dupont, USA) treatments. The effects of the enzymatic activity and the pretreated soybean straw concentration were evaluated using a Rotational Compound Central Design (DCCR) 22. An increase in the enzymatic activity and a decrease in the concentration of soybean in the suspension enhanced the production of sugars. This effect was due to the higher ratio of enzymatic activity/soybean straw pretreated concentration. Enzymatic activity disfavoured the nanofiber production for PT1, but favoured for PT2, probably due to the higher defibrillation when higher alkaline concentration is used. For both materials (PT1 and PT2), the lower soybean straw concentration furnished more stable suspensions. The optimal condition for the simultaneous production of reducing sugars and nanofibers was 4.0 g of biomass and enzymatic activity of 600 CMCU. This study shows that soybean straw has great potential for the industrial production of cellulose nanofibers and reducing sugars due to processing efficiency and low raw material cost.

scholarly journals Release of reducing sugars from water hyacinth by thermochemical and enzymatic hydrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Guzmán-Pérez ◽  
◽  
Oscar J. Salinas-Luna ◽  
Ernesto Favela-Torres ◽  
Nohemi López-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermochemical Pretreatment

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is considered a pernicious herb in many parts of the world due to its rapid growth. However, for its high content of cellulose and hemicellulose, it could be considered as raw material to produce fermentable sugars. In this work, the effect of sulfuric acid concentration by thermochemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis on the release of sugars from water hyacinth was evaluated. Initially, the effect of the sulfuric acid concentration from 1.5 to 9% at 120 ºC was evaluated. With 1.5%, the release of reducing sugars was 160 milligrams of reducing sugars per gram of dry matter (mg red-sug/g dm). After the thermochemical pretreatment, the enzymatic hydrolysis with the cellulase complex (NS22086) allowed obtaining a reducing sugars concentration up to 317 mg red-sug/g dm. These thermochemical and enzymatic approaches to recover reducing sugars from water hyacinth is promising and should be evaluated for bioprocess using reducing sugars as the main source of carbon, such as bioethanol production.

scholarly journals Production of ethanol from wheat straw

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Smuga-Kogut ◽  
Arkadiusz D. Wnuk ◽  
Kazimiera Zgórska ◽  
Mariusz S. Kubiak ◽  
Janusz Wojdalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Chemical Processing

Abstract This study proposes a method for the production of ethanol from wheat straw lignocellulose where the raw material is chemically processed before hydrolysis and fermentation. The usefulness of wheat straw delignification was evaluated with the use of a 4:1 mixture of 95% ethanol and 65% HNO3 (V). Chemically processed lignocellulose was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis to produce reducing sugars, which were converted to ethanol in the process of alcoholic fermentation. Chemical processing damages the molecular structure of wheat straw, thus improving ethanol yield. The removal of lignin from straw improves fermentation by eliminating lignin’s negative influence on the growth and viability of yeast cells. Straw pretreatment facilitates enzymatic hydrolysis by increasing the content of reducing sugars and ethanol per g in comparison with untreated wheat straw.

scholarly journals Using Commercial Enzymes to Produce Cellulose Nanofibers from Soybean Straw

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Martelli-Tosi ◽  
Marcela da Silva Torricillas ◽  
Maria Alice Martins ◽  
Odílio Benedito Garrido de Assis ◽  
Delia Rita Tapia-Blácido
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Electrical Stability ◽  
Zeta Potentials ◽  
Commercial Enzymes ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Soybean Straw

This study used commercial enzymes to isolate cellulose nanofibrils (CN) and produce sugars from chemically pretreated soybean straw (SS) (stem, leaves, and pods) by alkali (NaOH 5 or 17.5% v/v at 90°C for 1 h or at 30°C for 15 h) and bleaching (NaClO23.3% or H2O24%) pretreatments. Depending on the pretreatment applied to the soybean straw, the yield of CN varied from 6.3 to 7.5 g of CN/100 g of SS regardless of the concentration of the alkaline solution (5 or 17.5%). The CN had diameter of 15 nm, measured over 300 nm in length, and had high electrical stability (zeta potentials ranged from −20.8 to −24.5). Given the XRD patterns, the crystallinity index (CrI) of CN ranged from 45 to 68%, depending on the chemical pretreatment the starting material was submitted to. CN obtained from SS treated with NaOH 17.5% and H2O2(CrI = 45%) displayed better thermal stability probably because a lignin-cellulose complex emerged. The soluble fraction obtained in the first step of CN production contained a large amount of reducing sugars (11.2 to 30.4 g/100 g of SS). SS seems to be a new promising industrial source to produce CN via enzymatic-mechanical treatment, leading to large amounts of reducing sugars for use in bioenergy production.

scholarly journals Analysis of pretreatments of sugar beet shreds for bioethanol production in respect of cellulose hydrolysis and waste flows

2011 ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Darjana Ivetic ◽  
Vesna Vasic ◽  
Marina Sciban ◽  
Mirjana Antov
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Lignin Removal ◽  
Chemical Pretreatments ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

This paper analyzes some chemical pretreatments of sugar beet shreds concerning generated waste flows and yield of reducing sugars obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated material. Waste flows produced in pretreatments of sugar beet shreds originated from pectin and lignin removal from raw material. Suitability of substrates prepared in single and two-step pretreatment procedure for enzymatic hydrolysis was determined based on the yield of reducing sugars released by cellulase action on them, while different possibilities of processing of wastewaters were discussed based on the characteristic of waste flows.

Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis with Cryotin F on Antioxidative Activities for Shrimp Hydrolysate Using Response Surface Methodology

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-Bong Lee ◽  
Sivakumar Raghavan ◽  
Min-Hee Nam ◽  
Mi-Ae Choi ◽  
Navam S. Hettiarachchy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Response Surface

scholarly journals Hot Compressed Water Pretreatment and Surfactant Effect on Enzymatic Hydrolysis Using Agave Bagasse

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4746
Author(s):  
Marcela Sofia Pino ◽  
Michele Michelin ◽  
Rosa M. Rodríguez-Jasso ◽  
Alfredo Oliva-Taravilla ◽  
José A. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Hot Compressed Water

Agave bagasse is a residual biomass in the production of the alcoholic beverage tequila, and therefore, it is a promising raw material in the development of biorefineries using hot compressed water pretreatment (hydrothermal processing). Surfactants application has been frequently reported as an alternative to enhance monomeric sugars production efficiency and as a possibility to reduce the enzyme loading required. Nevertheless, the surfactant’s action mechanisms in the enzymatic hydrolysis is still not elucidated. In this work, hot compressed water pretreatment was applied on agave bagasse for biomass fractionation at 194 °C in isothermal regime for 30 min, and the effect of non-ionic surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 80, Span 80, and Polyethylene glycol (PEG 400)) was studied as a potential enhancer of enzymatic saccharification of hydrothermally pretreated solids of agave bagasse (AGB). It was found that non-ionic surfactants show an improvement in the conversion yield of cellulose to glucose (100%) and production of glucose (79.76 g/L) at 15 FPU/g glucan, the highest enhancement obtained being 7% regarding the control (no surfactant addition), using PEG 400 as an additive. The use of surfactants allows improving the production of fermentable sugars for the development of second-generation biorefineries.

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