scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Structure of Dead Migratory Birds in Dali Nouer Lake, Chifeng City, China, based on Bacterial 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zheng ◽  
Ling-Wei Zhu ◽  
Ming-Wei liu ◽  
Jia-yao Guan ◽  
Lin-Hong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Bird Feces

Abstract 21 In August 2018, hundreds of migratory birds died in the area of Dali Nouer Lake, Chifeng City, 22 China. We collected the remains of dead birds along with water and aquatic plants from the birds’ 23 environment. The bacterial communities of all samples were profiled by high-throughput 24 sequencing of the V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA amplicon. At the genus level, 25 Bacteroides, Clostridium, Plesiomonas, Vibrio, Fusobacterium, and Aeromonas were the 26 dominant genera in dead birds, the lake water, and aquatic plants in 2018. However, the relative 27 abundances of these bacterial genera were significantly reduced compared with the levels obtained 28 from healthy migratory bird feces, lake water, and aquatic plants from the same place and time 29 period in 2019. Combined with environmental factors such as the changes in salt content and pH, 30 the invasion and reproduction of those pathogens may have promoted the decline and death of the 31 birds. 32 33

scholarly journals Microbial Contamination Survey of Environmental Fresh and Saltwater Resources of Upolu Island, Samoa

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Michael A. Ochsenkühn ◽  
Cong Fei ◽  
Odmaa Bayaara ◽  
Emarosa Romeo ◽  
Patila Amosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Seawater Samples ◽  
Microbe Diversity

Analysis of microbe diversity in freshwater resources and nearshore seawater samples of Upolu Island was performed to investigate the distribution of harmful bacteria. For this, 124 samples were collected from 23 river systems, two volcanic lakes, and 45 locations inside and outside the barrier reef of Upolu Island, Samoa. Physicochemical parameters for general water quality, detection of coliform bacteria and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing were performed on all samples. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) testing indicated a wide distribution of coliform bacteria in all sampled freshwater sites with evidence of fecal coliform in most locations. Importantly, evidence of coliform bacteria was found in most seawater samples inside and along the reef, apart from those samples taken ~20 km offshore. Illumina 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region confirmed the presence of various types of harmful bacterial species, namely from the Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcae, Streptococcaceae, and Vibrionacea families. By combining the sensitivity of FIB testing and next-generation sequencing, we were able to show the extent of potential contaminations in fresh and seawater samples and simultaneously identify the potential pathogenic bacterial genera present. The wide distribution of potential harmful bacteria from river runoff or direct sewage dumping has an impact on human health, leading to many skin and intestinal diseases, and is potentially detrimental to coral reef community health.

scholarly journals Bacterial Diversity of Breast Milk in Healthy Spanish Women: Evolution from Birth to Five Years Postpartum

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2414
Author(s):  
Laura Sanjulián ◽  
Alexandre Lamas ◽  
Rocío Barreiro ◽  
Alberto Cepeda ◽  
Cristina A. Fente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Spanish Women ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Abundant Genus

The objective of this work was to characterize the microbiota of breast milk in healthy Spanish mothers and to investigate the effects of lactation time on its diversity. A total of ninety-nine human milk samples were collected from healthy Spanish women and were assessed by means of next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons and by qPCR. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. Accordingly, Streptococcus was the most abundant genus. Lactation time showed a strong influence in milk microbiota, positively correlating with Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, while Firmicutes was relatively constant over lactation. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed that the highest alpha-diversity was found in samples of prolonged lactation, along with wider differences between individuals. As for milk nutrients, calcium, magnesium, and selenium levels were potentially associated with Streptococcus and Staphylococcus abundance. Additionally, Proteobacteria was positively correlated with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in breast milk, and Staphylococcus with conjugated linoleic acid. Conversely, Streptococcus and trans-palmitoleic acid showed a negative association. Other factors such as maternal body mass index or diet also showed an influence on the structure of these microbial communities. Overall, human milk in Spanish mothers appeared to be a complex niche shaped by host factors and by its own nutrients, increasing in diversity over time.

scholarly journals Connecting structure to function with the recovery of over 1000 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes from activated sludge using long-read sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Singleton ◽  
Francesca Petriglieri ◽  
Jannie M. Kristensen ◽  
Rasmus H. Kirkegaard ◽  
Thomas Y. Michaelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Long Read

AbstractMicroorganisms play crucial roles in water recycling, pollution removal and resource recovery in the wastewater industry. The structure of these microbial communities is increasingly understood based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data. However, such data cannot be linked to functional potential in the absence of high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) for nearly all species. Here, we use long-read and short-read sequencing to recover 1083 high-quality MAGs, including 57 closed circular genomes, from 23 Danish full-scale wastewater treatment plants. The MAGs account for ~30% of the community based on relative abundance, and meet the stringent MIMAG high-quality draft requirements including full-length rRNA genes. We use the information provided by these MAGs in combination with >13 years of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data, as well as Raman microspectroscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridisation, to uncover abundant undescribed lineages belonging to important functional groups.

Advantage of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in Helicobacter pylori diagnosis

Helicobacter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boldbaatar Gantuya ◽  
Hashem B. El Serag ◽  
Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan ◽  
Dashdorj Azzaya ◽  
Takashi Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing

scholarly journals Prokaryotic Communities in the Thalassohaline Tuz Lake, Deep Zone, and Kayacik, Kaldirim and Yavsan Salterns (Turkey) Assessed by 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1525
Author(s):  
Can Akpolat ◽  
Ana Beatriz Fernández ◽  
Pinar Caglayan ◽  
Baris Calli ◽  
Meral Birbir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Deep Zone ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Tuz Lake

Prokaryotic communities and physico-chemical characteristics of 30 brine samples from the thalassohaline Tuz Lake (Salt Lake), Deep Zone, Kayacik, Kaldirim, and Yavsan salterns (Turkey) were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and standard methods, respectively. Archaea (98.41% of reads) was found to dominate in these habitats in contrast to the domain Bacteria (1.38% of reads). Representatives of the phylum Euryarchaeota were detected as the most predominant, while 59.48% and 1.32% of reads, respectively, were assigned to 18 archaeal genera, 19 bacterial genera, 10 archaeal genera, and one bacterial genus that were determined to be present, with more than 1% sequences in the samples. They were the archaeal genera Haloquadratum, Haloarcula, Halorhabdus, Natronomonas, Halosimplex, Halomicrobium, Halorubrum, Halonotius, Halolamina, Halobacterium, and Salinibacter within the domain Bacteria. The genera Haloquadratum and Halorhabdus were found in all sampling sites. While Haloquadratum, Haloarcula, and Halorhabdus were the most abundant genera, two uncultured Tuz Lake Halobacteria (TLHs) 1 and 2 were detected in high abundance, and an additional uncultured haloarchaeal TLH-3 was found as a minor abundant uncultured taxon. Their future isolation in pure culture would permit us to expand our knowledge on hypersaline thalassohaline habitats, as well as their ecological role and biomedical and biotechnological potential applications.

16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing for Metagenomics

2018 ◽  
pp. 135-161
Author(s):  
Henrik Christensen ◽  
Anna Jasmine Andersson ◽  
Steffen Lynge Jørgensen ◽  
Josef Korbinian Vogt
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing

scholarly journals Dramatic differences in gut bacterial densities help to explain the relationship between diet and habitat in rainforest ants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon G Sanders ◽  
Piotr Lukasik ◽  
Megan E Frederickson ◽  
Jacob A Russell ◽  
Ryuichi Koga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Lowland Tropical Forest ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Microbial Symbionts ◽  
Microbial Symbiosis ◽  
Diversity Profiles

AbstractAbundance is a key parameter in microbial ecology, and important to estimates of potential metabolite flux, impacts of dispersal, and sensitivity of samples to technical biases such as laboratory contamination. However, modern amplicon-based sequencing techniques by themselves typically provide no information about the absolute abundance of microbes. Here, we use fluorescence microscopy and quantitative PCR as independent estimates of microbial abundance to test the hypothesis that microbial symbionts have enabled ants to dominate tropical rainforest canopies by facilitating herbivorous diets, and compare these methods to microbial diversity profiles from 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Through a systematic survey of ants from a lowland tropical forest, we show that the density of gut microbiota varies across several orders of magnitude among ant lineages, with median individuals from many genera only marginally above detection limits. Supporting the hypothesis that microbial symbiosis is important to dominance in the canopy, we find that the abundance of gut bacteria is positively correlated with stable isotope proxies of herbivory among canopy-dwelling ants, but not among ground-dwelling ants. Notably, these broad findings are much more evident in the quantitative data than in the 16S rRNA sequencing data. Our results help to resolve a longstanding question in tropical rainforest ecology, and have broad implications for the interpretation of sequence-based surveys of microbial diversity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the microbial community structure of potable water samples from occupied and unoccupied buildings using16S rRNA amplicon sequencing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimothy L Smith ◽  
Howard A Shuman ◽  
Douglas Findeisen
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Oxford Nanopore

AbstractWe conducted two studies of water samples from buildings with normal occupancy and water usage compared to water from buildings that were unoccupied with little or no water usage due to the COVID-19 shutdown. Study 1 had 52 water samples obtained ad hoc from buildings in four metropolitan locations in different states in the US and a range of building types. Study 2 had 36 water samples obtained from two buildings in one metropolitan location with matched water sample types. One of the buildings had been continuously occupied, and the other substantially vacant for approximately 3 months. All water samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing with a MinION from Oxford Nanopore Technologies. More than 127 genera of bacteria were identified, including genera with members that are known to include more than 50 putative frank and opportunistic pathogens. While specific results varied among sample locations, 16S rRNA amplicon abundance and the diversity of bacteria were higher in water samples from unoccupied buildings than normally occupied buildings as was the abundance of sequenced amplicons of genera known to include pathogenic bacterial members. In both studies Legionella amplicon abundance was relatively small compared to the abundance of the other bacteria in the samples. Indeed, when present, the relative abundance of Legionella amplicons was lower in samples from unoccupied buildings. Legionella did not predominate in any of the water samples and were found, on average, in 9.6% of samples in Study 1 and 8.3% of samples in Study 2.SynopsisComparison of microbial community composition in the plumbing of occupied and unoccupied buildings during the COVID-19 pandemic shutdown.

scholarly journals Microbial insights from Antarctic and Mediterranean shallow-water bone-eating worms

Polar Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1605-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia H. Hewitt ◽  
Cristina Díez-Vives ◽  
Sergi Taboada
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Body Tissue ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Contrasting Habitats ◽  
Root Tissues

Abstract Bone-eating worms of the genus Osedax (Annelida, Siboglinidae) form unique holobionts (functional entity comprising host and associated microbiota), highly adapted to inhabit bone tissue of marine vertebrates. These gutless worms have developed nutritional symbioses housing intracellular, horizontally acquired, heterotrophic bacteria hypothesised to harness nutrients from organic compounds, sequestered within the bone. Despite previous efforts, critical mechanisms mediating activity and acquisition of diverse bacterial assemblages remain unclear. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we performed detailed taxonomic and predicted functional analyses shedding light on the microbial communities of two shallow-water Osedax species (Osedax deceptionensis and Osedax ‘mediterranea’) from contrasting habitats (Antarctic and Mediterranean Sea), in two tissue types (roots and palps). Comparative assessments between host species revealed distinct microbial assemblages whilst, within host species and body tissue, relative symbiont frequencies retained high variability. We reported relatively high abundances of microbes previously classified as primary endosymbionts, Ribotype 1 (order Oceanospirillales), and diverse likely secondary epibionts warranting further exploration as recurrent Osedax associates. Surprisingly, O. ‘mediterranea’ exhibited relatively low abundance of Oceanospirillales, but increased abundance of other potentially hydrocarbon degrading bacteria from the family Alteromonadaceae. We hypothesise the presence of functionally similar, non-Oceanospirillales primary endosymbionts within O. ‘mediterranea’. Functional metagenomic profiling (using 16S rRNA sequences) predicted broad metabolic capabilities, encompassing relatively large abundances of genes associated with amino acid metabolism. Comparative analyses between host body tissue communities highlighted several genes potentially providing critical functions to the Osedax host or that confer adaptations for intracellular life, housed within bone embedded host root tissues.

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