PCDH9 target RAC1/ROS-NADPH-oxidase complex with the assistance of Pyk2 interaction through Cyclin D1 trafficking
Abstract Background: Melanoma has dramatically increased during last 30 years with low five-year survival and prognosis rate.Methods: Melanoma cells (A375 and G361) were chosen as in vitro model. The interference and overexpression of PCDH9 were infected by lentivirus. The effects of PCDH9 on melanoma cells were assessed in terms of alteration of PCDH9 such as cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle and wound-healing assay. Moreover, expressions of PCDH9 with other genes (MMP2, MMP9, Pyk2 Cyclin D1, RAC1 and FAK) were also assessed by PCR and western blotting, immunohistochemical analysis. The protein complex immunoprecipitation was operated for protein-protein interaction (PPI) of PCDH9. Originlab 2020 was used for statistical analysis.Results: Melanoma cells treated with PCDH9 showed influence melanoma as similar function as Hace1 that regulate RAC1/ROS-dependent NADPH oxidase complexes through targeting complex-bound RAC1 with the help of Pyk2, while RAC1 directly influence RAC1/ROS-NADPH-oxidase complex to induce metalloproteinases (MMPs), that are involved in cell migration and proliferation. Moreover, PCDH9 could influence the expressions of MMP2, MMP9, Pyk2, Cyclin D1 and RAC1, except FAK, decreased cell viability, cell migration and increased apoptosis, but did not exert significant effects on cell cycle. Besides, the immunohistochemical results exhibited lower PCDH9 expression in malignant melanoma samples than benign naevus tissue or/and normal skin, and PCDH9 was expressed in the cytoplasm rather than nuclei. The results of immunoprecipitation demonstrated that PCDH9 bind with RAC1 and Pyk2, suggesting the regulation of PCDH9 to melanoma progression. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PCDH9 and RAC1 could predict for potential biomarkers prognosis of malignant melanoma, interestingly, with Pyk2’s assistance like a bridge PCDH9 can modulate melanoma progression by interacting with RAC1.