scholarly journals Sublethal Effects of Essential Plant Oils on Biochemical and Ecological Parameters of the Predatory Mite Amblyseius Swirskii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayyeh Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Gerben J. Messelink ◽  
Gonzalo A. Avila ◽  
Yongjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii

Abstract The predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii is widely used natural enemy of phytophagous pests. Due to negative effects of conventional pesticides on non-target organism, the development of selective natural and eco-friendly pesticides such as essential plant oils are a useful pest control tool to use in synergy with biological control agents. Essential oils of Nepeta crispa, Satureja hortensis and Anethum graveolens showed promising results to control Tetranychus urticae. Hence an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of these essential oils on biochemical and demographic parameters of A. swirskii. Significant reduction of carbohydrate, lipid and protein contents of oil-treated predatory mites was observed. However oils of S. hortensis and A. graveolens had no negative impact on lipid reserve. Glutathione-S-transferase activity of A. swirskii was influenced by A. graveolens. In addition, the enzyme activity of the α-esterases was elevated by all treatments. The essential oils showed no effect on β-esterases activity compared to the control treatment. None of the concentrations of the different tested oils affected the population growth parameters of A. swirskii. However, a significant reduction was observed in oviposition time and total fecundity of predatory mites. Our observations show that the tested essential plant oils need some caution when applied as alternatives to synthetic pesticides in combination with A. swirskii and may have critical implications for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. However, semi-field and field studies are required to evaluate the effects of these products on T. urticae and A. swirskii for developing IPM strategies.

scholarly journals Side effects of fungicides and insecticides on predatory mites, in laboratory conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Żaneta Fiedler ◽  
Danuta Sosnowska
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Control ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract Experiments were carried out on the toxicity of selected insecticides and fungicides to the predatory mites species: Amblyseius swirskii, A. andersoni, and Phytoseiulus persimilis. Among the tested active substances: abamectin, hexytiazox, and spinosad were safe to the predators. The mortality level of the tested predator was comparable to the control treatment, seven days after application. The percentage values of these predatory mites’ mortality caused by these insecticides, applied at one and a half of the recommended dose did not exceed a low toxicity – 25% (referring to International Organisation for Biological and Integrated Control (IOBC) classification on the toxicity to beneficial organisms). The results of the tests revealed that imidaclopryd, lambda-cyhalothrin, and fenpyroksymat were highly toxic to the predatory mites. It was found that toxicity of fungicides to the tested predatory mite species depended on the date of the chemical treatment and the date the predators were introduced. The fungicide Topsin M 500 SC – thiophanate-methyl, appeared to be selective to the species A. swirskii and it could be used in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs for greenhouse grown crops.

scholarly journals Benefit-cost Trade-offs of Early Learning in Foraging Predatory Mites Amblyseius Swirskii

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga C. Christiansen ◽  
Sandra Szin ◽  
Peter Schausberger
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Early Learning ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Fitness Benefits ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Juvenile Development

Abstract Learning is changed behavior following experience, and ubiquitous in animals including plant-inhabiting predatory mites (Phytoseiidae). Learning has many benefits but also incurs costs, which are only poorly understood. Here, we addressed learning, especially its costs, in the generalist predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii, a biocontrol agent of several herbivores, which can also survive on pollen. The goals of our research were (1) to scrutinize if A. swirskii is able to learn during early life in foraging contexts and, if so, (2) to determine the costs of early learning. In the experiments, we used one difficult-to-grasp prey, i.e., thrips, and one easy-to-grasp prey, i.e., spider mites. Our experiments show that A. swirskii is able to learn during early life. Adult predators attacked prey experienced early in life (i.e., matching prey) more quickly than they attacked unknown (i.e., non-matching) prey. Furthermore, we observed both fitness benefits and operating (physiological) costs of early learning. Predators receiving the matching prey produced the most eggs, whereas predators receiving the non-matching prey produced the least. Thrips-experienced predators needed the longest for juvenile development. Our findings may be used to enhance A. swirskii’s efficacy in biological control, by priming young predators on a specific prey early in life.

scholarly journals Availability of alternative foods can influence the impact of pesticides on predatory mites (Acari): a summary of the evidence*

Zoosymposia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLO DUSO ◽  
ALBERTO POZZEBON ◽  
MARIO BALDESSARI ◽  
VINCENZO GIROLAMI ◽  
GINO ANGELI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
Mite Communities ◽  
The Impact

Generalist predatory mites belonging to the Phytoseiidae play a major role in keeping phytophagous mites below economic threshold levels in European apple orchards and vineyards. Apart from their primary prey, these phytoseiids can exploit a range of other foods, among which pollen and plant pathogenic fungi are very important. The ability of generalist predatory mites to feed on alternative foods is of importance for their persistence in perennial crops. Pesticides can exert dramatic effects on mite communities, and these effects can be more severe on predators than on phytophagous mites, with practical consequences for pest management. Several factors of intrinsic (e.g. resistance to stress) and extrinsic nature (e.g. immigration) can influence the response of predatory mite populations to pesticide applications. Environmental conditions, in particular availability of alternative foods, could affect the resilience of predatory mite populations after pesticide applications. Here we evaluate the role of availability of alternative foods on the response of predatory mite populations to pesticide applications in two crop systems: apple and grape. In the former, increasing the abundance of pollen through appropriate grass management resulted in less pronounced negative effects of some insecticides on the predatory mite Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans). In a controlled laboratory experiment, we demonstrated that availability of fresh pollen reduced the effect of pesticides on the fecundity of that predator. In the grape system, we found a positive effect of the plant pathogen grape downy mildew (GDM) on Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) populations, while some pesticides had a negative impact. GDM availability on plants favored the colonization by beneficial mites of pesticide treated plants with positive implications for mite persistence in vineyards.

scholarly journals Phytoseiid predatory mites can disperse entomopathogenic fungi to prey patches

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongyu Lin ◽  
Claude Guertin ◽  
Sean-Anthony Di Paolo ◽  
Silvia Todorova ◽  
Jacques Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Neoseiulus Cucumeris ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Young Leaves

AbstractRecent studies have shown that predatory mites used as biocontrol agents can be loaded with entomopathogenic fungal conidia to increase infection rates in pest populations. Under laboratory conditions, we determined the capacity of two phytoseiid mites, Amblyseius swirskii and Neoseiulus cucumeris to deliver the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to their prey, Frankliniella occidentalis. Predatory mites were loaded with conidia and released on plants that had been previously infested with first instar prey clustered on a bean leaf. We examined each plant section to characterize the spatial distribution of each interacting organism. Our results showed that A. swirskii delivered high numbers of conidia to thrips infested leaves, thereby increasing the proportion of thrips that came into contact with the fungus. The effect was larger when thrips infestation occurred on young leaves than on old leaves. Neoseiulus cucumeris delivered less conidia to the thrips infested leaves. These patterns result from differences in foraging activity between predatory mite species. Amblyseius swirskii stayed longer on plants, especially within thrips colonies, and had a stronger suppressing effect on thrips than N. cucumeris. Our study suggests that loading certain predatory mite species with fungal conidia can increase their capacity to suppress thrips populations by combining predation and dispersing pathogens.

scholarly journals Effect of biological control against generalist pests (insect and mite) on egg plant (solanum melongеna) field

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Altantsesteg Z ◽  
Oyungerel J ◽  
Undarmaa D
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
T Test ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Egg Plant ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

We conducted this study on the “Black Beauty” variety from Russia, which was planted in a 120 sqrm greenhouse in the Agropark Center of the Mongolian University of Life Sciences in 2017. During vegetation period of egg plant were occurred the polyphagous insect pests such as two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), тrips (Thripidaes.sp), peach aphid (Myzodes persicae) and caused a injury at 1-2 rate.  For controlling these arthropod pests, we have used 4 different  treatments as А-(predatory mites- Phytoseilus persimilis, Amblyseius swirskii) ), B- (Neem oil), C- (Predators+Nеем oil), D-BEB (LC) 2% as comparing to control plot. In calculating the effectiveness of treatments, А-(predatory mites- Phytoseilus persimilis, Amblyseius swirskii) -79.1%, B- (Neem oil)-73.7%, C- (Predators+Nеем oil)-85.5%, D-BEB (LC) 2% -83.1% as comparing to control plot were killed respectively. We have tested 4 different treatment including the predacious mite (Phytoseiulus persimilis) to control  a two spotted spider mite (TSSM)-Tetranychus urticae) and A.swirskii against trips on the eggplant field . The treatments have been included A (predatory mite alone at 1:5 ratio), B (P+N (predatory mite at 1:5 ratio+Neem oil), C-neem oil alone), LC+BEB 2% and control plots with 4 replications. We have assessed the efficacy of each control treatment, and the B ( predatory mite+neem oil) treatment has reduced TSSM densities at most. These treatments for controlling the pests was  increased the eggplant yield 3.8-36.4% per sqm  area comparing to control plots. There was observed a differences between yield of  control and treatment plots and observed as A plots  (t=2.19, d.f.=174, p≥0,29), B plots  (t=0.88, d.f.=174, p≥0,37),C  plots  (t=8.8, d.f.=174, p≥3.78) as shown on the result of T-test analysis of SPSS.   Цэсийн (solanum melongеna) талбайд тархсан үе хөлтөн хөнөөлт организм (шавж, хачиг), тэдгээртэй тэмцэх биологийн аргын үр нөлөөг судалсан дүн Хураангуй: Бид энэхүү судалгааны ажлыг 2017 онд ХААИС-ийн Агропарк Сургалт, судалгааны төв дэх  120 мкв нийлэг хальсан хүлэмжинд тариалсан цэсийн ОХУ-ын “Чёрная красавица” сорт дээр  гүйцэтгэв. Ургамал ургалтын хугацаанд цэсийн талбайд хоёр толбот шүлхий  хачиг(Tetranychus urticae), трипс (Thripidaes.sp), Тоорийн бөөс (Myzodes persicae) зэрэг үе  хөлтний хүрээний хөнөөлтэй, элдэв идэшт зүйлүүд давхцан гарч бүлгээр хөнөөл учруулж  байсан бөгөөд эдгээрийн эсрэг тэмцэх аргын А-(Ангуучин хачгууд- Phytoseilus persimilis,  Amblyseius swirskii) ), B - (неем тос), C- (Ангуучин+Nеем тос), D-BEB (LC) 2% зэрэг  хувилбаруудыг хяналттай (E) харьцуулан туршиж, үр дүнг тогтоолоо. Эдгээрээс тархалт,  хөнөөлийн хувьд трипс, хоёр толбот шүлхий хачиг нь зонхилон тархаж, цэсийн навчийг 1-2  баллаар гэмтээж байв. Туршилтанд хэрэглэсэн хувилбаруудаас А. Ангуучин фитосейлюс хачиг  \1:5\ хувилбар 79.1%, B. Neem тос /0.01% уусмал + Фитосейулус хачиг /1:5/ -85.5% буюу  хамгийн өндөр , C. Neem тос /0.01% уусмал/-73.7%, D. BEB (LC) 2% уусмал /Дархлааны  бэлдмэл/ 83.1% -иар хөнөөлт организмыг үхүүлсэн техник үр дүнг үзүүлэв.Тэмцэх аргын  хувилбаруудын ургац хяналтын дэвсгээс давсан бөгөөд A,B,C,D хувилбаруудын ургац 23.69-  29.66 kг-аар хяналтын(E)-аас илүү байгааг SPSS, T-test-ийн аргаар шинжилэхэд A хувилбар  (t=2.19, d.f.=174, p≥0,29), B хувилбар (t=0.88, d.f.=174, p≥0,37),C хувилбар (t=8.8, d.f.=174,  p≥3.78) байгаа нь хувилбаруудын ургац хяналтын хувилбараас бодит зөрүүтэйг харуулж  байна. Түлхүүр үг: Хүлэмж, шүлхий хачиг, ангуучин хачиг, биологийн хамгаалал

What habitat does spiny snout mite occupy in Tasmania

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 446-446
Author(s):  
D.J. Wilson ◽  
P.J. Gerard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Flea Control ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent

Spiny snout mite (Neomolgus capillatus) is a potential biocontrol agent for clover flea (Sminthurus viridis) a white clover pest on dairy farms in warmer and wetter parts of New Zealand In the 1990s this mite was introduced from Brittany France into Tasmania for clover flea control Results during the release programme were highly promising and subsequent anecdotal farmer reports indicate widespread decreases in damage As N capillatus is a predatory mite and already known to attack nontarget organisms habitat specificity will determine whether it could be introduced into New Zealand without risk to native insects To assess this pastures on nine of the original Tasmanian release farms and adjacent nontarget habitats ranging from bush wetlands eucalypt stands to sand dune country were sampled in April 2014 Litter samples were collected heat extracted and mite species identified Neomolgus capillatus was found at effective densities in pastures that had good clover cover Where present it displaced Bdellodes spp mites that are ineffective against clover flea No N capillatus were found in the nontarget habitats all of which lacked clover and contained other predatory mites including Bdellodes spp Therefore the preference by N capillatus for lush pastures makes it an excellent prospect for introduction as a biocontrol agent into clover flea prone regions of New Zealand

scholarly journals Oil and Flower Production in Rosa damascena trigintipetala Dieck under Salinity Stress in Taif Region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4547
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. El-Sharnouby ◽  
Metwally M. Montaser ◽  
Sliai M. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity

The flower industry depends on oil and fragrance, which is addressed in the current work. Different concentrations of NaCl (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) were applied to Taif rose plants (Rosa damascena var. trigintipetala Dieck) to evaluate their effects on growth and essential oil content. Results clearly indicated the highest survival percentage (98.3%) was seen in untreated plants compared to plants under salinity stress. Moreover, increasing the NaCl levels induced an adverse effect on the growth parameters of Taif rose plants, while some essential oil contents were increased to the maximum degree of their tolerance to salinity stress. The extracted essential oils were analyzed using GC/MS. The essential oils of Taif rose plants treated with 500 ppm NaCl recorded the highest values of citronellol, geraniol and phenylethyl alcohol contents (16.56, 8.67 and 9.87%), respectively. NaCl at 250 ppm produced the highest values of heneicosane (13.12%), and then decreased to the lowest value (7.79%) with the increase of NaCl to 1500 NaCl, compared to the control and other NaCl levels. The current results could highlight the impact of salinity stress on Rosa damascena Miller var. trigintipetala Dieck for better economic and industrial applications.

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