scholarly journals Especially in the creation of digital terrain models for designing the transport network of multi-purpose forest management

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.А. Громов ◽  
Н.А. Тюрин
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Network Development ◽  
Digital Terrain

При проектировании лесной транспортной сети в условиях многоцелевого, непрерывного и неистощительного лесопользования в рамках модели интенсивного лесного хозяйства, необходимо обладать информацией об экономической целесообразности транспортного освоения участков лесной территории. Для решения данной проблемы возможно создание цифровой модели местности (ЦММ), отражающей распределение чистого дохода (ЧД) от освоения лесов по территории объекта проектирования. Создание ЦММ включает в себя четыре этапа: сбор исходной информации; ГИС-анализ; определение ЧД; создание ЦММ в ГИС. На первом этапе осуществляется сбор данных, необходимых для определения значения ЧД и создания модели в ГИС. На втором этапе осуществляется интеграция данных в ГИС, их обработка и анализ с целью получения показателей для определения ЧД. На третьем этапе осуществляется расчет показателя ЧД для каждой первичной единицы транспортного освоения. На завершающем этапе, на базе вычисленных значений ЧД, в ГИС создается тематическая карта, отражающая уровни ЧД. Использование рассматриваемой методики позволяет сформировать ЦММ, которая наглядным образом отражает экономическую целесообразность транспортного освоения участков леса, что является основой для проектирования размещения элементов лесной транспортной сети. Методика создания ЦММ является составной частью более общей методики проектирования транспортной сети в условиях многоцелевого, непрерывного и неистощительного лесопользования. When designing the forest transport network in terms of multi-purpose, continuous and sustainable forest management in the framework of the model of intensive forest management requires information about the economic feasibility of the transport development in areas of forest land. To solve this problem, it is possible to create digital terrain model (DTM) showing the distribution of net income (NI) the forest areas with the forest transport  network development. The technique of creating DTM includes four stages: collection of baseline information; GIS analysis; determination of the NI; the establishment of the DTM in GIS. The first stage is collecting the data necessary to determine the value NI and create a model in GIS. The second stage involves the integration of data into GIS, their processing and analysis with the aim of obtaining indicators for the determination of NI. In the third stage calculated NI for each primary unit of the transport network development. At the final stage, on the basis of specific values of NI in the GIS generated thematic map reflecting the levels of NI. Using this technique allows to creating DTM which visually reflects the economic feasibility of the transport development forest, what is the basis for the design and layout of the elements of the forest transportation network. The technique of developing ETM is integral part of a more General methodology for the design of the transport network in terms of multi-purpose, continuous and sustainable forest management.

Operational evaluation of the risk of development of waterflowing for making information in the unified state real estate register using GIS technologies (on the example of the Ob-Tomsk interfluve)

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
K.I. Kuzevanov ◽  
◽  
E.Yu. Pasechnik ◽  
L.N. Chilinger ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
State Register ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Real Estate Register

The article analyzes the existing procedure for entering information on the boundaries of zones with special conditions for the use of territories in the Unified State Register of Real Estate using the example of flooding zones. The basic regulatory documents governing the procedure and procedure for establishing flood zones are identified, in which gaps are identified in the requirements for the content of the work to determine the boundaries of such zones and assess their accuracy. In this connection, it is proposed to use the algorithm developed by the authors to determine the boundaries of the zones of underflooding development based on the analysis of the hydrographic network and digital terrain model using GIS technologies. This methodology is aimed at an operational assessment of the conditions of built-up and built-up territories, which allows to reduce the financial costs of conducting expensive engineering surveys, the need of which remains to clarify the results of computer mapping in the most critical areas. The norms of accuracy of determining the boundaries of flood zones are proposed, which will correspond to the accuracy of determining the boundaries of the lands of the water fund. In order to test the developed algorithm, we chose the territory of the Ob-Tomsk interfluve, for which zoning was carried out according to the depth of groundwater and the territories of moderate and severe flooding were identified for the purpose of further more detailed study. Keywords: GIS technology; occurrence depth; Unified state register of real estate; flood zone; engineering survey; restrictions The groundwater; zoning of the territory; accuracy of determination of coordinates; business activity.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Role of Snowmelt in a Flood Event in a Gauged Catchment

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Mateo-Lázaro ◽  
Jorge Castillo-Mateo ◽  
José Sánchez-Navarro ◽  
Víctor Fuertes-Rodríguez ◽  
Alejandro García-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thawing Process ◽  
Rainfall Model

An actual event that happened in the Roncal valley (Spain) is investigated and the results are compared between models with and without snowmelt. A distributed rainfall model is generated with the specific data recorded by the rain gauges of the catchment during the episode. To describe the process of water routing in the hydrological cycle of the basin, a model is used based on combinations of parallel linear reservoirs (PLR model), distribution by the basin, and tip-out into its drainage network configured using a digital terrain model (DTM). This PLR model allows simulation of the different actual reservoirs of the basin, including the snow and the contribution due to its melting which, in the model, depends on the temperature. The PLR model also allows for a water budget of the episode where, in addition to the effective rainfall contribution, the water that comes from the thaw is taken into account. The PLR model also allows determination of the amount of water that exists in the basin before and after the episode, data of great interest. When comparing the simulations with and without taking into account the thawing process, it is evident that the intervention of the snow reservoir has been decisive in causing a flood to occur.

scholarly journals The utilization of landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of interest in spatial features

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ingensand ◽  
Jean Christophe Foltête ◽  
Stéphane Cretegny ◽  
Nicolas Blanc ◽  
Sarah Composto
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Camera Position

This paper describes a method that uses georeferenced landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of the population's interest in spatial features. The automated method takes into account the coordinates of the camera position as well as the azimuth angle, the focal length and the crop factor in order to calculate a field of view using a digital terrain model (DTM). This field of view can thereafter be used for the determination of interest in spatial features. In a case study involving more than 3'000 georeferenced pictures we investigate the potential of the method.

scholarly journals The utilization of landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of interest in spatial features

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ingensand ◽  
Jean Christophe Foltête ◽  
Stéphane Cretegny ◽  
Nicolas Blanc ◽  
Sarah Composto
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Camera Position

This paper describes a method that uses georeferenced landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of the population's interest in spatial features. The automated method takes into account the coordinates of the camera position as well as the azimuth angle, the focal length and the crop factor in order to calculate a field of view using a digital terrain model (DTM). This field of view can thereafter be used for the determination of interest in spatial features. In a case study involving more than 3'000 georeferenced pictures we investigate the potential of the method.

Monitoringul daunatorilor defoliatori arboretelor de cvercinee prin capcane feromonale (studiu de caz)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala Donica ◽  
◽  
Andrei Crăciun ◽  
Natalia Raileanu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Nutrition Source

Studies on the monitoring of the most damaging defoliant species of oaks (Lymantria dispar and Totrix viridana) through pheromone traps in forest ecosystems are some of the rare achievements in this field, for our country. It has been shown that during the vegetation season there is an alternation of defoliant species, with the presence and development of the II generations, harmful to the foliar limb (the quantity of pests being higher during the first generations and reduced in the second generation). The activity of phytophagus insects was directly influenced by the climatic conditions in the studied areas, the presence of the nutrition source - oaks and the presence of the infestation source. Based on the evidence of males captured in the pheromone traps, digital maps of the spatial distribution of the imago of studied species were developed, which allowed the determination of the position, the direction of spreading and the size of the pests (the necessary studies in sustainable forest management).

DESIGNING A MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT NETWORK

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anisimov ◽  
Natalya Nesterova ◽  
Sergey Goncharuk
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Network Development ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Multimodal Transport

Objective: To create a methodology for designing a multimodal transport network under various scenarios of socioeconomic development of the Russian Federation and its regions which take into account the influence of factors that create initial-information indeterminacy in decisionmaking. Methods: System theory, partitioning principle, theory of sets, theory of probability and mathematical statistics, basics of information theory, graph theory and reliability theory; as well as methods of system analysis, mathematic simulation of processes and systems, mathematical logic, decision-making, dynamical programming, multi-objective optimization, economic evaluation of efficiency of design solutions were applied. Results: The authors developed and proposed a concept for designing methodology of multimodal transport networks, systemic presentation of multimodal transport networks, four-level partitioning and set-theoretical presentation of multimodal transport networks layout, mathematical simulation of multimodal transport network development strategy which takes into account the scenario of socioeconomic development of a region under study, balanced system of indices for evaluation of multimodal transport network development strategy and managing the trajectory of change of its layout and capacity in accordance with set strategic objectives, method for forming layout of multimodal transport network, method for forming a variety of possible strategies of gradual changing of layout and capacity of multimodal transport network objects, method for forming an area of efficient multimodal transport network development strategies, technology for decision-makers’ work with efficient strategy area for decision-making. Practical relevance: This methodology can be used in investment evaluation and technical and economic feasibility study of strategies of multimodal transport networks’ layout and capacity change strategies as an aggregate of multimodal transport corridors designed with the purpose of implementation of strategic tasks of development of a country’s single transport network.

Technique for the design of forest transport network in terms of multiple use of forest.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.А. Громов ◽  
Н.А. Тюрин
Keyword(s):  
Economic Model ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Forest Rent

Проектирование лесной транспортной сети в условиях многоцелевого использования лесов требует наличия специальной методики, учитывающей особенности данных условий. Предметом исследования является методика проектирования лесной транспортной сети в условиях многоцелевого использования лесов. Цель - раскрытие сущности данной методики и связанных с ней вопросов. Предложенная методика основывается на двух составляющих. Первой составляющей является методика оптимизации размещения лесной транспортной сети. Оптимизация размещения осуществляется на основании оптимальных параметров сети, определяемых по критерию минимума суммарных удельных затрат на осуществление комплекса мероприятий по лесоосвоению. Она заключается в выявлении лесных участков, нуждающихся в транспортном освоении, которое осуществляется с использованием геоинформационных систем методом создания и анализа буферных зон. Приводится описание математической модели оптимизации параметров лесотранспортной сети. Данная модель не учитывает индивидуальных особенностей конкретных лесных участков и не отражает экономической целесообразности их освоения, что требует применение особого метода. Второй составляющей методики проектирования является методика создания экономической модели местности, отражающей пространственное распределение лесной ренты по осваиваемой территории. Приводятся математические зависимости, на основании которых определяются показатели лесной ренты для каждого осваиваемого лесного участка. Экономическая модель местности создается средствами ГИС и отражается в виде тематической карты. Она позволяет учесть индивидуальные условия и определить степень экономической целесообразности освоения лесных участков. Интеграция созданных в ГИС совмещенных буферных зон и экономической модели местности позволяет выявить транспортно неосвоенные лесные участки, нуждающиеся в освоении по экономическим критериям, и соответствующим образом разместить элементы лесотранспортной сети. Предложенная методика позволяет учесть влияние условий многоцелевого использования лесов и осуществить проектирование лесотранспортной сети на основании оптимальных параметров по критерию минимума суммарных удельных затрат и критерию положительной лесной ренты, что повышает эффективность проектирования. The subject of the article is a technique for the development of forest transport network in terms of multiple use of forests. The aim of this work is a demonstration of this method and the questions connected with it. The design of forest transportation network in conditions of multipurpose use of forests requires special techniques that take into account the specific features of these conditions. The proposed method is based on two components. The first component is the method of optimization of forest transport network. Optimization is performed on the basis of optimal parameters of the network, defined by the criterion of minimum total specific costs of implementation of complex of measures on the involvement of forests into economic circulation. It is to identify forest areas in need of transport development, which is carried out with the use of geographic information systems. In this case it is used method of analysis and creation of buffer zones. The article describes the mathematical model of optimization of parameters of transportation network. This model does not take into account the individual characteristics of specific forest areas and does not reflect the economic feasibility of their development, which requires the use of a special method. The second component of the method is the technique of creating economic model of the terrain that reflects the spatial distribution of forest rent on the forest territory. The article presents the mathematical relationships on the basis of which are determined by the indicators of forest rent for each forest land. The model generated in GIS is displayed in the form of thematic maps. It allows to take into account the individual conditions of forest land and determine the degree of economic feasibility of development of forest areas. Integration created in GIS of buffer zones and economic model of the terrain allows to identify the transport of undeveloped forest land and areas requiring transport development. The proposed method allows to take into account the influence of the conditions of multipurpose use of forests. It also allows and to carry out the design of a transportation network based on optimal parameters according to the criterion of minimum total unit cost and the criterion of positive forest rents, which increases the efficiency of the design.

scholarly journals Rainfall Flooding in Urban Areas in the Context of Geomorphological Aspects

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Tomasz Walczykiewicz ◽  
Magdalena Skonieczna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Flooding Risk

Flooding risk in urban areas is particularly high, due to the high population density and property values, including those of transport, residential, service and industrial infrastructure, among others. There are many reasons for flooding in urban areas; among them, direct heavy rainfall can cause special problems in risk management. In the case of random heavy rainfall, flood risk management can be supported by information about the morphology of the terrain and the degree of its sealing. In this study, we analyse methods for determining the risk of flooding in urban areas using digital terrain model (DTM) and geographic information system (GIS) tools. Predictors of precipitation floods in urban areas are defined, including the determination of flat areas, areas without outflow (non-drainage) and with large terrain height differences. The main source of information about historical rainfall floods relates to interventions by fire brigades, which constitute the basis for verifying the areas of occurrence of rainfall floods, as determined on the basis of morphological analysis of the area. Identifying the locations of rainfall flooding areas and developing accurate maps based on them are crucial for spatial planning and flood management at the local scale.

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