scholarly journals The utilization of landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of interest in spatial features

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ingensand ◽  
Jean Christophe Foltête ◽  
Stéphane Cretegny ◽  
Nicolas Blanc ◽  
Sarah Composto
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Camera Position

This paper describes a method that uses georeferenced landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of the population's interest in spatial features. The automated method takes into account the coordinates of the camera position as well as the azimuth angle, the focal length and the crop factor in order to calculate a field of view using a digital terrain model (DTM). This field of view can thereafter be used for the determination of interest in spatial features. In a case study involving more than 3'000 georeferenced pictures we investigate the potential of the method.

scholarly journals The utilization of landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of interest in spatial features

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ingensand ◽  
Jean Christophe Foltête ◽  
Stéphane Cretegny ◽  
Nicolas Blanc ◽  
Sarah Composto
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Camera Position

This paper describes a method that uses georeferenced landscape pictures extracted from open picture collections for the determination of the population's interest in spatial features. The automated method takes into account the coordinates of the camera position as well as the azimuth angle, the focal length and the crop factor in order to calculate a field of view using a digital terrain model (DTM). This field of view can thereafter be used for the determination of interest in spatial features. In a case study involving more than 3'000 georeferenced pictures we investigate the potential of the method.

Operational evaluation of the risk of development of waterflowing for making information in the unified state real estate register using GIS technologies (on the example of the Ob-Tomsk interfluve)

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
K.I. Kuzevanov ◽  
◽  
E.Yu. Pasechnik ◽  
L.N. Chilinger ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
State Register ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Real Estate Register

The article analyzes the existing procedure for entering information on the boundaries of zones with special conditions for the use of territories in the Unified State Register of Real Estate using the example of flooding zones. The basic regulatory documents governing the procedure and procedure for establishing flood zones are identified, in which gaps are identified in the requirements for the content of the work to determine the boundaries of such zones and assess their accuracy. In this connection, it is proposed to use the algorithm developed by the authors to determine the boundaries of the zones of underflooding development based on the analysis of the hydrographic network and digital terrain model using GIS technologies. This methodology is aimed at an operational assessment of the conditions of built-up and built-up territories, which allows to reduce the financial costs of conducting expensive engineering surveys, the need of which remains to clarify the results of computer mapping in the most critical areas. The norms of accuracy of determining the boundaries of flood zones are proposed, which will correspond to the accuracy of determining the boundaries of the lands of the water fund. In order to test the developed algorithm, we chose the territory of the Ob-Tomsk interfluve, for which zoning was carried out according to the depth of groundwater and the territories of moderate and severe flooding were identified for the purpose of further more detailed study. Keywords: GIS technology; occurrence depth; Unified state register of real estate; flood zone; engineering survey; restrictions The groundwater; zoning of the territory; accuracy of determination of coordinates; business activity.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Role of Snowmelt in a Flood Event in a Gauged Catchment

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Mateo-Lázaro ◽  
Jorge Castillo-Mateo ◽  
José Sánchez-Navarro ◽  
Víctor Fuertes-Rodríguez ◽  
Alejandro García-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thawing Process ◽  
Rainfall Model

An actual event that happened in the Roncal valley (Spain) is investigated and the results are compared between models with and without snowmelt. A distributed rainfall model is generated with the specific data recorded by the rain gauges of the catchment during the episode. To describe the process of water routing in the hydrological cycle of the basin, a model is used based on combinations of parallel linear reservoirs (PLR model), distribution by the basin, and tip-out into its drainage network configured using a digital terrain model (DTM). This PLR model allows simulation of the different actual reservoirs of the basin, including the snow and the contribution due to its melting which, in the model, depends on the temperature. The PLR model also allows for a water budget of the episode where, in addition to the effective rainfall contribution, the water that comes from the thaw is taken into account. The PLR model also allows determination of the amount of water that exists in the basin before and after the episode, data of great interest. When comparing the simulations with and without taking into account the thawing process, it is evident that the intervention of the snow reservoir has been decisive in causing a flood to occur.

scholarly journals A novel automated method for the improvement of photogrammetric DTM accuracy in forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 576-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateo Gašparović ◽  
Ivan Balenović ◽  
Ante Seletković ◽  
Anita Simic Milas
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Light Detection And Ranging ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia

Digitalni model reljefa (DTM, engl. Digital Terrain Model) ima široku i važnu primjenu u mnogim djelatnostima, uključujući i šumarstvo. Međutim, precizno modeliranje terena, odnosno izrada DTM-a u šumama, bilo korištenjem terenskih metoda ili metoda daljinskih istraživanja, izazovan je i vrlo zahtjevan zadatak. U većini razvijenih zemalja svijeta, zračno lasersko skeniranje (ALS, engl. Airborne Laser Scanning) bazirano na LiDAR (engl. Light Detection and Ranging) tehnologiji trenutno predstavlja glavnu metodu za izradu DTM-a. Uslijed mogućnosti laserskog zračenja da penetrira kroz krošnje drveća, LiDAR tehnologija se pokazala kao efektivna i brza metoda za izradu DTM-a u šumskim područjima s vrlo velikom točnošću. Međutim, u mnogim zemljama svijeta, uključujući i Hrvatsku, zračno lasersko skeniranje nije u potpunosti provedeno, tj. samo su manji dijelovi zemlje pokriveni s podacima zračnog laserskog skeniranja. U tim slučajevima, DTM temeljen na stereo-fotogrametrijskoj izmjeri aerosnimaka potpomognut s terenskim podacima najčešće predstavlja glavni izvor informacija za izradu DTM-a. Poznato je da tako izrađen DTM u šumskim predjelima ima manju točnost od DTM-a dobivenog na temelju zračnog laserskog skeniranja zbog pokrivenosti terena vegetacijom. Također, u okviru nedavno provedenog istraživanja (Balenović i dr., 2018) utvrđeno je da takvi službeni fotogrametrijski digitalni podaci terena u šumskim predjelima sadrže određen broj tzv. grubih grešaka, koje mogu značajno utjecati na točnost izrađenog DTM-a. Nakon vizualnog detektiranja i manualnog uklanjanja tih pogrešaka, Balenović i dr. (2018) utvrdili su značajno poboljšanje točnosti fotogrametrijskog DTM-a. Stoga je glavni cilj ovoga rada razviti automatsku metodu za detekciju i eliminaciju vertikalnih pogrešaka u fotogrametrijskim digitalnim podacima terena te na taj način poboljšati točnost fotogrametrijskog DTM-a u nizinskim šumskim područjima Hrvatske. Ideja je razviti brzu, jednostavnu i učinkovitu metodu koja će biti primjenjiva i za druga šumska područja sličnih karakteristika, a za koja ne postoje DTM dobiven zračnim laserskim skeniranjem. Istraživanje je provedeno u nizinskim šumama na području gospodarske jedinice Jastrebarski lugovi, u neposrednoj blizini Jastrebarskog (Slika 1). Istraživanjem je obuhvaćena površina od 2.005,74 ha, na kojoj su u najvećoj mjeri zastupljene jednodobne sastojine hrasta lužnjaka (Quercus robur L.), a u ma­njoj mjeri jednodobne sastojine poljskog jasena (Fraxinus angustifolia L.) te jednodobne sastojine običnoga graba (Carpinus betulus L.). Nadmorska visina područja istraživanja kreće se u rasponu od 105 do 121 m. Fotogrametrijski DTM (DTM<sub>PHM</sub>) je izrađen iz digitalnih vektorskih podataka terena (prijelomnice, linije oblika, markantne točke terena i pravokutne mreže visinskih točaka) nabavljenih iz Državne geodetske uprave (Slika 2). Ti podaci predstavljaju nacionalni standard i jedini su dostupni podaci za izradu DTM-a u Hrvatskoj. Detaljan opis vektorskih podataka dan je u radu Balenović i dr. (2018). Prvo je iz digitalnih terenskih podataka izrađena nepravilna mreža trokuta, koja je potom linearnom interpolacijom pretvorena u rasterski DTM<sub>PHM</sub> prostorne rezolucije (veličine piksela) 0,5 m. Automatska metoda za detekciju i eliminaciju vertikalnih pogrešaka fotogrametrijskog DTM-a u nizinskim šumskim područjima razvijena je u slobodnom programskom paketu Grass GIS (Slika 3). Kombinacijom vrijednosti nagiba i tangencijalne zakrivljenosti terena rasterskog DTM<sub>PHM</sub> (Slika 4), automatskom metodom su detektirane 91 grube greške (engl. outliers). Drugim riječima, utvrđeno je da 91 točkasti vektorski objekt pogrešno prikazuje stvarnu visinu terena. Navedeni broj čini 3,2 % od ukupnog broja točkastih objekata korištenih za izradu DTM<sub>PHM</sub>-a. Nakon eliminacije detektiranih pogrešaka izrađen je novi, korigirani fotogrametrijski DTM (DTM<sub>PHMc</sub>). Za ocjenu vertikalne točnosti izvornog (DTM<sub>PHM</sub>) i korigiranog DTM-a (DTM<sub>PHMc</sub>) korišten je visoko precizni DTM dobiven zračnim laserskim skeniranjem (DTM<sub>LiD</sub>). U tu svrhu su izrađeni rasteri razlika između DTM<sub>PHM </sub>i DTM<sub>LiD</sub>, te između DTM<sub>PHMc </sub>i DTM<sub>LiD</sub>. Kako je preliminarnom analizom utvrđeno da vertikalne razlike između DTM<sub>PHM </sub>i DTM<sub>LiD</sub> nisu normalno distribuirane (Slika 5), za ocjenu točnosti su uz normalne mjere točnosti korištene i tzv. robusne mjere točnosti (Tablica 2). Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na poboljšanje vertikalne točnosti fotogrametrijskog DTM-a primjenom razvijene automatske metode. To je posebice uočljivo na podpodručjima 2 i 3 (Slika 6 i 7) u kojima se nakon uklanjanja detektiranih grešaka, korijen srednje kvadratne pogreške (RMSE, engl. root mean square error) smanjio za 8 % odnosno 50 % (Tablica 2). Na temelju dobivenih rezultata i usporedbe s DTM<sub>LiD</sub>, može se zaključiti da predložena metoda uspješno detektira i eliminira vertikalne pogreške fotogrametrijskog DTM-a u nizinskim šumskim područjima, te slijedom toga poboljšava njegovu vertikalnu točnost.

The Making of Digital Orthophoto Map Based on INPHO

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 2818-2821
Author(s):  
Dong Ling Ma ◽  
Jian Cui ◽  
Ning Ding
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Model Matching ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Digital Orthophoto

INPHO is foreign professional digital photogrammetry software, including aerial triangulation encryption, digital terrain model matching, the digital orthophoto rectification and image mosaic series modules. This paper, taking DMC image as a case study, according to production practice, states the method of making Digital Orthophoto Map (DOM) using all relevant modules of INPHO, and further points out several notes in the process of making DOM. Practice shows that making DOM using INPHO series software and paying attention to the mentioned precautions can speed up production rate, improve production efficiency, while its mode of operation is also greatly simplified compared with the normal mode of operation. It is a good way of making DOM.

scholarly journals BACKPACK MOBILE MAPPING SOLUTION FOR DTM EXTRACTION OF LARGE INACCESSIBLE SPACES

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 473-480
Author(s):  
F. Fassi ◽  
L. Perfetti
Keyword(s):  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Mobile Mapping System ◽  
The One ◽  
Mapping Solution

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The paper presents the case study of the complete 3D survey of the area of the Fort of Pietole in Borgo Virgilio using the Leica Pegasus Backpack wearable Mobile Mapping System (MMS). Surveying the site is challenging because of its complex topology on the one hand (with notably narrow passages) and because of the presence of vegetation on the other. The framework within which this research takes place is the Fort of Pietole survey project that aims at the extraction of the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the area and the georeferencing of the fort defensive structures. The requirement of the project is the 3D reconstruction of the whole area at an accuracy that stands between a big scale environmental survey and a small-scale architectonic survey (1&amp;thinsp;:&amp;thinsp;500).</p> <p>The project is the opportunity to discuss the state of the art of wearable MMS, and to test the versatility and accuracy outcomes of the Pegasus Backpack under varying and challenging condition (indoor-outdoor, even-uneven pavement, satellite covered-denied areas) with the ambitious goal to use only the backpack MMS to record all the data from the DTM to the indoor narrow structures.</p>

scholarly journals Complex Analysis of the Impact of Construction of an Underground Metro Line on the Urban Environment – a Case Study from the Vistula Valley in Warsaw

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Underground construction in urban areas is a complex investment, impacting existing buildings. The paper presents a case study of the 2nd metro line, in close proximity to the Warsaw Slope (Kaczmarek, Popielski 2016; Kaczmarek et al. 2016). First the digital terrain model was analysed. Next the prospection of electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) were performed. In addition results of archive boreholes were correlated to ERI outcome. Then complementary laboratory tests (e. g. triaxal CU tests) were carried out. Furthermore the prisms located on the Warsaw Slope were measured with tacheometric technique. This results were merged to archive monitoring observations of slope surface deformation and near building settlements. Based on previous steps the finite element method (FEM) simulations were performed. Thanks to numerical analysis cumulative settlements of a particular building above the metro tunnel were calculated. The values of vertical displacements does not affect the stability of the building or the slope nearby. Nevertheless, it can impact serviceability. Furthermore, the value of the calculated Safety Factor of the Warsaw Slope in this section is 1.1. Hence, slope changes require continuous observations. The presented case study shows the usefulness of complex research analysis and its suitability for the purposes of building an extension of the 2nd metro line.

Automated method of а topographic plan creation based on survey from a drone

2018 ◽  
Vol 939 (9) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. Beregovoi ◽  
M.G. Mustafin
Keyword(s):  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Speed Increase ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Dense Point

The authors show an automated method for performing the main stages of creating a topographic plan. The optimal number and location of the reference points for creation a digital terrain model using drones is determined. The necessary components of a multi-rotor helicopter are described. They are required for lifting the camera into the air and increasing the duration of the flight. On the basis of the research, a significant speed increase of the field work was achieved using effective satellite and linear-angular measurements for determination of the reference points’ coordinates and productive survey from anunmanned aerial vehicle. Algorithms forconstructing an orthophoto and a digital terrain model as well as automated filtering of the resulting dense point cloud for creating a digital surface model are presented. The high-accurate modification of the OBIA (Object-Based Image Analysis) algorithm for classification of ground objects is determined. At the end of the article, the algorithm for automated vectorization of the raster classification using the ArcGIS geoinformation software and converting of the received objects to convention for creating an electronic topographic plan is given.

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