scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
A. O. Ojetunde
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Chronic Disorder ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Medical Plants ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Diabetes is a chronic disorder that is characterized by an increase in blood glucose (hyperglycemia) with alteration of protein, carbohydrates, and fat metabolism. Consequently, it can lead to renal failure, atherosclerosis, nerve damage, blindness, and coronary heart disease. It is also known as the 5th leading cause of death. Although, there are numerous types of glucose-lowering drugs that exhibit anti-diabetic effects but results of treatment in patients are still not so perfect. Therefore, many treatments that include the use of medicinal plants are suggested and encouraged. Medical plants are believed to contain chemical substances with potential curative effects and can often have anti-diabetic effects. This study introduced about 23 effective medicinal plants reported by various experimental researchers with the curative potential to treat diabetes. Although, most of the research used animal models, there is a clear indication that medicinal plants with anti-diabetic potentials are being investigated by several researchers. However, there is a need for further research to be conducted with isolated bioactive ingredients present in these plants in order to have potential ingredients that could be used as a pharmacological agent in the treatment of diabetes mellitus with fewer adverse effects. Again, the mechanisms of action of these medicinal plants in ameliorating diabetes need to be investigated.

scholarly journals Phytotherapy in the Management of Diabetes: A Review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Governa ◽  
Giulia Baini ◽  
Vittoria Borgonetti ◽  
Giulia Cettolin ◽  
Daniela Giachetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Phytotherapy has long been a source of medicinal products and many attempts to use herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes has been done over the years. Several medicinal plants and their preparations demonstrated to act in key points of glucidic metabolism. The most common mechanisms of action found include the inhibition of α-glucosidase and of AGE formation, the increase of GLUT-4 and PPARs expression and the antioxidant activity.Despite the large amount of literature available, the actual clinical effectiveness of medicinal plants in controlling diabetes related symptoms is still controversial and there is a crucial need for stronger evidence-based data. In this review, an overview of the medicinal plants, which use in the management of diabetes is supported by authoritative monograph, is provided. References to some species which are currently under growing clinical investigation are also reported.

scholarly journals Phytotherapy in the Management of Diabetes: A Review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Governa ◽  
Giulia Baini ◽  
Vittoria Borgonetti ◽  
Giulia Cettolin ◽  
Daniela Giachetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Phytotherapy has long been a source of medicinal products and many attempts to use herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes has been done over the years. Several medicinal plants and their preparations demonstrated to act in key points of glucidic metabolism. The most common mechanisms of action found include the inhibition of α-glucosidase and of AGE formation, the increase of GLUT-4 and PPARs expression and the antioxidant activity. Despite the large amount of literature available, the actual clinical effectiveness of medicinal plants in controlling diabetes related symptoms is still controversial and there is a crucial need for stronger evidence-based data. In this review, an overview of the medicinal plants, which use in the management of diabetes is supported by authoritative monograph, is provided. References to some species which are currently under growing clinical investigation are also reported.

NAMING OF BASOTHO MEDICINAL PLANTS: SEMANTIC CONNECTION TO THEIR REMEDIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Possa ◽  
P Khotso
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
The Future ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Medical Plants

The indigenous knowledge of the Basotho makes it simple for this speech community to name their traditional medicinal plants in such a way that they are meaningful; this could also be viewed as an empowerment technique, especially in the economic sphere. Their medicinal plants names seem to be idiomatic and to express certain philosophies of the Basotho society. Creativity is observable in this kind of naming, and many names allude to the kind of remedy that is associated with the medicinal plant. It is therefore the interest of this paper to consider the names of medical plants among the Basotho whose names allude to the remedy they provide. The names of Sesotho medicinal plants and the reasoning of the Basotho in general behind the name and the use of each medicinal plant will be discussed in this article. This paper will further preserve and promote the use of Basotho traditional medicines for the future generation.

scholarly journals Glycemic Control Potential of Chemically Characterized Extract from Withania frutescens L. Roots in Severe Diabetes-Induced Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3998
Author(s):  
Abdelfattah El Moussaoui ◽  
Hamza Mechchate ◽  
Mohammed Bourhia ◽  
Imane Es-safi ◽  
Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Severe Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Different Doses

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome that causes impairment, mortality, and many other complications. Insulin and several synthetic medications are currently used in the treatment of diabetes. However, these pharmaceutical drugs are costly, and therefore medicines place priority on alternatives to fight this lethal disease. This modest study aims to investigate the chemical composition, antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic potentials along with subacute toxicity (bodyweight change and biochemical parameters) of hydroethanol extract from Withania frutescens L. roots (WFRE). The chemical analysis was carried out using GC–MS after extract silylation. The chemical analysis identified many potentially active compounds that may determine the antidiabetic results of WFRE. The antidiabetic effect of WFRE was evaluated in mice with severe diabetes using oral administration of doses up to 400 mg/kg for 28 days. The results of the antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic tests indicate that WFRE possesses promising glucose-lowering effects and, as a result, it may serve as an antidiabetic alternative for long-term use. The 4-week treatments with different doses of plant extract did not alter the bodyweight appearance of the diabetic mice nor their biochemical parameters (AST and ALT). The findings obtained indicate that the studied plant extract controlled severe diabetes in mice. Therefore, Withania frutescens L. can serve society as it provides natural agents to control diabetes.

scholarly journals Role of Melanocortin Signaling in Neuroendocrine and Metabolic Actions of Leptin in Male Rats With Uncontrolled Diabetes

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (11) ◽  
pp. 4157-4167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Meek ◽  
Miles E. Matsen ◽  
Vincent Damian ◽  
Alex Cubelo ◽  
Streamson C. Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Melanocortin Receptor ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Melanocortin Signaling ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Abstract Although the antidiabetic effects of leptin require intact neuronal melanocortin signaling in rodents with uncontrolled diabetes (uDM), increased melanocortin signaling is not sufficient to mimic leptin's glucose-lowering effects. The current studies were undertaken to clarify the role of melanocortin signaling in leptin's ability to correct metabolic and neuroendocrine disturbances associated with uDM. To accomplish this, bilateral cannulae were implanted in the lateral ventricle of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and leptin was coinfused with varying doses of the melanocortin 3/4 receptor (MC3/4R) antagonist, SHU9119. An additional cohort of streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats received intracerebroventricular administration of either the MC3/4R agonist, melanotan-II, or its vehicle. Consistent with previous findings, leptin's glucose-lowering effects were blocked by intracerebroventricular SHU9119. In contrast, leptin-mediated suppression of hyperglucagonemia involves both melanocortin dependent and independent mechanisms, and the degree of glucagon inhibition was associated with reduced plasma ketone body levels. Increased central nervous system melanocortin signaling alone fails to mimic leptin's ability to correct any of the metabolic or neuroendocrine disturbances associated with uDM. Moreover, the inability of increased melanocortin signaling to lower diabetic hyperglycemia does not appear to be secondary to release of the endogenous MC3/4R inverse agonist, Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), because AgRP knockout mice did not show increased susceptibility to the antidiabetic effects of increased MC3/4R signaling. Overall, these data suggest that 1) AgRP is not a major driver of diabetic hyperglycemia, 2) mechanisms independent of melanocortin signaling contribute to leptin's antidiabetic effects, and 3) melanocortin receptor blockade dissociates leptin's glucose-lowering effect from its action on other features of uDM, including reversal of hyperglucagonemia and ketosis, suggesting that brain control of ketosis, but not blood glucose levels, is glucagon dependent.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Effects of Resveratrol: The Way Forward in Its Clinical Utility

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omolola R. Oyenihi ◽  
Ayodeji B. Oyenihi ◽  
Anne A. Adeyanju ◽  
Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects ◽  
The Way

Despite recent advances in the understanding and management ofdiabetes mellitus, the prevalence of the disease is increasing unabatedly with resulting disabling and life-reducing consequences to the global human population. The limitations and side effects associated with current antidiabetic therapies have necessitated the search for novel therapeutic agents. Due to the multipathogenicity ofdiabetes mellitus,plant-derived compounds with proven multiple pharmacological actions have been postulated to “hold the key” in the search for an affordable, efficacious, and safer therapeutic agent in the treatment of the disease and associated complications. Resveratrol, a phytoalexin present in few plant species, has demonstrated beneficial antidiabetic effects in animals and humans through diverse mechanisms and multiple molecular targets. However, despite the enthusiasm and widespread successes achieved with the use of resveratrol in animal models ofdiabetes mellitus, there are extremely limited clinical data to confirm the antidiabetic qualities of resveratrol. This review presents an update on the mechanisms of action and protection of resveratrol indiabetes mellitus, highlights challenges in its clinical utility, and suggests the way forward in translating the promising preclinical data to a possible antidiabetic drug in the near future.

scholarly journals Glycogen Phosphorylase-a is a Common Target for Anti-Diabetic Effect of Iridoid and Secoiridoid Glycosides

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh B Vaidya ◽  
Abeer A Ahmed ◽  
Ramesh K Goyal ◽  
Sukhinder K Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Glycogen Phosphorylase ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Secoiridoid Glycosides ◽  
Common Target

Purpose. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action or both. The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diabetes mellitus dates back from the Ebers papyrus of about 1550 B.C. One of the major problems with herbal drugs is that the active ingredients are not well defined. It is important to know the active components and their molecular interactions which will help to analyze their therapeutic efficacy and also to standardize the product. There are a number of medicinal plants known for their anti-diabetic effect that possess similarities in their active chemical components, e.g. iridoid and secoiridoid glycosides. Methods. In this study, we have compared the structure of various iridoid and secoiridoid glycosides to design a novel pharmacophore. We further developed a structure-activity relationship for the inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase-a. Conclusion. By using docking studies, we are proposing, for the first time, that inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase-a activity is a common target for iridoids and secoiridoids to elicit anti-diabetic effects. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants possess sedative and anxiolytic effect with emphasis on their mechanisms of action

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 061-077
Author(s):  
Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Na Channels ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Acid Type ◽  
Web Science

Insomnia and anxiety are worldwide medical problems. Plant extracts possessed sedative and anxiolytic effect via different mechanisms included interactions with Na+ channels, γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and chatecholamines. In the current review, Web Science, PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct, were searched to investigate the plants with sedative and anxiolytic effects

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