scholarly journals Micropropagation of the Aquatic Plant Cryptocoryne lucens

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Kane ◽  
Edward F. Gilman ◽  
Matthew A. Jenks ◽  
Thomas J. Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Single Node ◽  
In Vitro Establishment

Procedures for in vitro establishment, rapid shoot proliferation, and ex vitro plantlet acclimatization of Cryptocoryne lucens de Witt were determined. Shoot cultures were established from surface-sterilized shoot tips cultured on Linsmaier and Skoog salts and vitamins medium (LS) solidified with 0.8% (w/v) agar and supplemented with 2.0 μm BA and 0.5 μm NAA. The effect of BA (0 to 20 μm) and 0.5 μm NAA on shoot multiplication from single-node and clustered triple-node shoot explants was determined after 35 days. The most efficient shoot proliferation (7.7 shoots/explant) occurred from single-node shoot explants cultured on LS + 20 μm BA and 0.5 μm NAA. Maximum plantlet establishment was achieved by direct sticking of triple-node (cluster) microcuttings in either soilless planting medium or polyurethane foam cubes. Production of highly branched salable plants from microcuttings was possible within 18 weeks. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl) -1H-purin-6-amine (BA); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.F.

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafatlal M. Kher ◽  
Deepak Soner ◽  
Neha Srivastava ◽  
Murugan Nataraj ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis

Abstract Clerodendrum phlomidis L. f. is an important medicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family, particularly its roots, which are used for various therapeutic purposes in a pulverized form. The objective of this study was to develop a standard protocol for axillary shoot proliferation and rooting of C. phlomidis for its propagation and conservation. Nodal explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium that was supplemented with one of six cytokinins: 6-benzyladenine, kinetin, thidiazuron, N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP), trans-zeatin (Zea) and meta-topolin. Callus induction, which was prolific at all concentrations, formed at the base of nodal explants and hindered shoot multiplication and elongation. To avoid or reduce callus formation with the objective of increasing shoot formation, the same six cytokinins were combined with 4 μM 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid (TIBA) alone or in combination with 270 μM adenine sulphate (AdS). Nodal explants that were cultured on the medium supplemented with 9.12 μM Zea, 4 μM TIBA and 270 μM AdS produced significantly more and longer shoots than on medium without TIBA and AdS. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 8.05 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid was the best medium for root formation. Most (75%) in vitro rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized under natural conditions.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Viburnum treleasei Gand., an Azorean Endemic with High Ornamental Interest

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1668-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Moura ◽  
Maria Irene Candeias ◽  
Luís Silva
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The purpose of our research was to establish a protocol for the in vitro culture of Viburnum treleasei, a rare and endangered taxon with high ornamental potential endemic to the Azores islands. The surface sterilization of the explants was better achieved with a pretreatment of 0.1% (w/v) Benomyl for 2 h followed by 0.2% (w/v) HgCl2 for 10 min with agitation. Shoot tips were the most efficient explants for shoot development and single-node segments for proliferation. Woody plant medium (WPM) was adequate for all micropropagation stages. For culture establishment and shoot development, a hormone-free medium was adequate, whereas a 1.1 μM N6-benzyl adenine medium supplement was more efficient for shoot multiplication. Elongation and rooting could be carried out on a 1.3 μM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid-supplemented medium. Acclimatization of in vitro-produced plantlets was achieved after 1 month with a success rate of 50%. This in vitro propagation procedure will be useful for the conservation of Viburnum treleasei through production of morphologically true-to-type plants, allowing the recovery of depleted natural populations. Chemical names used: N6-benzyl adenine (BA); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); HgCl2 (mercury bichloride).

scholarly journals An In Vitro–Ex Vitro Micropropagation System for Hemp

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Lubell-Brand ◽  
Lauren E. Kurtz ◽  
Mark H. Brand
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Micropropagated Plants

Hyperhydricity of shoots initiated in vitro, poor shoot extension, inability of shoot cultures to maintain good growth over an extended time, and unsuccessful ex vitro rooting have limited the development of a commercial scale micropropagation system for hemp (Cannabis sativa). We present a culture initiation method that prevents shoot hyperhydricity using vented-lid vessels with 0.2-µm pores and medium containing agar at 1% (w/v). To optimize shoot multiplication in vitro, a control medium (medium A) and four treatment media (medium B, C, D, and E), with varying inorganic nutrients and vitamins were tested. Control medium A consisted of 1× Murashige and Skoog (MS) with vitamins plus 3% (w/v) sucrose, 0.5 mg·L−1 metatopolin, 0.1 mg·L−1 gibberellic acid, and 0.8% agar (w/v) at pH 5.7. The four treatment media differed from the control medium as follows: medium B, 2.5× MS with vitamins; medium C, 1× MS with vitamins plus added mesos [calcium chloride (anhydrous), magnesium sulfate (anhydrous), and potassium phosphate (monobasic) nutrients]; medium D, 1× MS with vitamins plus added vitamins; and medium E, 1× MS with vitamins plus added mesos and vitamins. Medium C and medium E produced more microcuttings than the control at 6 weeks after the initial subculture with shoot multiplication media and all other treatments at 9 and 12 weeks. Shoots grown on these two media displayed optimal extension and leaf lamina development; however, they exhibited slight chlorosis by 12 weeks after subculture with shoot multiplication media. In a separate experiment, medium E was supplemented with ammonium nitrate at 0, 500, 1000, or 1500 mg·L−1, and cultures grown with 500 mg·L−1 produced the most microcuttings and exhibited the best combination of shoot extension and leaf lamina development. We provide a method of prerooting microshoots in vitro that has resulted in 75% to 100% rooting ex vitro in rockwool. Using 10 recently micropropagated plants, ≈300 retip cuttings (cuttings taken from new shoots from recently micropropagated plants) were harvested over 10 weeks. The average weekly rooting was more than 90%. Retipping can produce nine-times as many plants in a similar amount of floor space as stem cuttings derived from traditional stock mother plants. The micropropagation/retipping method proposed can be a more efficient way to generate clonal liner plants for commercial-scale production.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of arrow cane, Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.) P. Beauv. cv. Criolla, Criolla 1, and Martinera, in a double-phase medium

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Marcela Lopez Diaz ◽  
Isidro Elías Suárez Padrón ◽  
Alicia Humanez Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Semisolid Medium ◽  
Double Phase ◽  
Phase Medium

To evaluate the micropropagation response of arrow cane, Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.), plants using a double-phase medium in the multiplication stage, explants consisting of stem sections with axillary meristems from cultivars Criolla, Criolla 1, and Martinera were established in vitro in a semisolid medium. Then, they were multiplied using a double-phase medium supplied at several Benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/L), followed by rooting in a culture medium supplied at several Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 20 mg/L). Both multiplied unrooted and rooted microshoots were transferred ex vitro. Treatments were distributed with a completely randomized design; data were analyzed with an ANOVA and means separated with Tukey’s test. Explants from Criolla and Martinera cultured with 0.5 mg/L BAP resulted in higher multiplication rates. All microshoots transferred to the rooting medium rooted, although NAA significantly increased the number of roots and reduced root length. Plants from all three cultivars, in vitro rooted or unrooted transferred to ex vitro conditions, showed 100 % survival and adaptation. For Criolla and Martinera, 0.5 mg/L BAP statistically increased shoot multiplication rates and NAA increased adventitious root formation and reduced root length. Plants of all cultivars survived and adapted 100 % to ex vitro conditions.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of ‘Amethyst’ Purple Raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L. x R. idaeus L. ‘Amethyst’)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao Dai ◽  
Victoria A. Magnusson ◽  
Harlene Hatterman-Valenti ◽  
Jack F. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Propagation Time ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Rubus Occidentalis ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Dark Green

Abstract A micropropagation method was developed for a cold hardy purple raspberry cultivar (Rubus occidentalis × R. idaeus ‘Amethyst’). In vitro shoot cultures were initiated from shoot tips of a 30-year old ‘Amethyst’ plant. The effects of basal medium, plant growth regulator, and temperature on shoot proliferation were investigated. Shoots were produced from explants in both Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Driver-Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) media supplemented with different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyladenine (BA), solely or combined. One micro molar TDZ gave rise to the maximum proliferation rate. Interactions between BA and medium or TDZ were significant. Shoots produced on media with 1.0 μM TDZ had thick stems and small, dark green leaves whether BA was absent or present. Shoots can be rooted both in vitro and ex vitro with or without IBA at 0 to 1.0 μM. However, combination of rooting and shoot multiplication by adding a low level of TDZ to rooting medium produced multi-cane plants resulting in shortening propagation time, increasing survival rate, and lowering the production cost.

scholarly journals Pyroligneous Acid Improves In Vitro Rooting of Japanese Pear Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Kadota ◽  
Takashi Hirano ◽  
Kiyotoshi Imizu ◽  
Yoshiji Niimi
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Japanese Pear ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Pyroligneous Acid ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

Effects of PA on in vitro shoot proliferation and root formation were investigated using shoot cultures of three Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) cultivars. PA inhibited shoot multiplication and promoted initiation and development of roots in the cultured shoots of three cultivars, resulting in increasing the proportion of rooted shoots. Chemical name used: pyroligneous acid (PA).

scholarly journals In Vitro Clonal Propagation of Scoparia dulcis L., a Perennial Medicinal Herb

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346
Author(s):  
AKM Sayeed Hassan ◽  
Laila Shamroze Bari ◽  
Rebeka Sultana ◽  
Nadira Begum ◽  
Rahima Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
In Vitro Clonal Propagation

An efficient protocol was established for in vitro clonal propagation of the perennial medicinal herb Scoparia dulcis L. (Family. Scrophulariaceae) through in vitro culture. Apical and axillary buds of young sprouts from selected plants were used as explants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l BAP, in which 94% of the explants produced 12 shoots per culture. Repeated subcultures in the same medium, resulted rapid shoot multiplication with 16 shoots per culture. The half strength MS medium with 0.5 mg/l IBA +0.5 mg/l NAA the highest percentage (85.20) and maximum number (13.40) of roots were initiated within four weeks of culture. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 85%. Key words: Scoparia dulcis, Medicinal plant, Shoot proliferation, Micropropagation, Acclimatization, IAA (indoleacetic acid), IBA(indolebutanoic acid), NAA(α-naphthaleneacetic acid), BAP(benzylamino purine) DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i3.4408 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(3), 341-346, 2009

scholarly journals Micropropagation of `Norton' Winegrape

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Norton ◽  
R.M. Skirvin
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Axillary Bud ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Vitis Aestivalis ◽  
Four Levels

A method has been developed for micropropagation of the difficult-to-root winegrape cultivar `Norton' (Vitis aestivalis). Plants were established in vitro from axillary bud cuttings of field-grown plants. Four levels of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and three levels of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were tested in a factorial arrangement for their effectiveness in promoting multiplication of shoots from single-node explants. Three levels of NAA and two concentrations of Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium were tested for their effectiveness in promoting rooting of shoot tips. The greatest number of shoots per axillary bud in combination with the greatest shoot length were produced with 4 μmol·L-1 [0.90 mg·L-1 (ppm)] BA. NAA had no effect on shoot multiplication. NAA was not required for in vitro rooting. All rooted plants survived the transition to soil.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation Method for Production of Phenolic-Rich Planting Material of Culinary Rhubarb ‘Malinowy’

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1768
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wojtania ◽  
Monika Mieszczakowska-Frąc
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
High Concentration

Culinary rhubarb is a popular vegetable crop, valued for its long, thickened stalks, very rich in different natural bioactive ingredients. Tissue cultures are a useful tool for vegetative propagation of virus-free rhubarb plants and rapid multiplication of valuable selected genotypes. The aim of this study was to develop an effective method for in vitro propagation of selected genotypes of Polish rhubarb ‘Malinowy’ characterized by high yield and straight, thick and intensive red stalks. Identification and quantification of anthocyanins and soluble sugars by the HPLC method in shoot cultures and ex vitro established plantlets were also performed. Shoot cultures were established from axillary buds isolated from dormant, eight-year-old rhizomes. Effective shoot multiplication of rhubarb ‘Malinowy’ was obtained in the presence of 6.6 µM benzylaminopurine or 12.4 µM meta-topolin. Both cytokinins stimulated shoot formation in a manner that depended on sucrose concentration. Increasing the sucrose concentration from 59 to 175 mM decreased the production of shoots and outgrowth of leaves by 3-fold but enhanced shoot length, single shoot mass and callus formation at the base of shoots. This coincided with increased accumulation of soluble sugars (fructose, glucose) and anthocyanins-cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (max. 208.2 mg·100 g−1 DM) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (max. 47.7 mg·100 g−1 DM). The highest rooting frequency (94.9%) and further successful ex vitro establishment (100%) were observed for shoots that were earlier rooted in vitro in the presence of 4.9 µM indole-3-butyric acid. Our results indicated that anthocyanin contents in leaf petioles were influenced by developmental stage. Under in vitro conditions, it is possible to elicit those pigments by sucrose at high concentration and meta-topolin.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Chinquapin (Castanea henryi) Using Axillary Shoots and Cotyledonary Nodes

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1482-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Xiong ◽  
He Sun ◽  
Feng Zou ◽  
Xiaoming Fan ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes

Castanea henryi is an important woody grain tree species native to China. The objective of the current study was to find the suitable plant growth regulators (PGRs) and the optimal concentrations for direct organogenesis by using axillary shoots and cotyledonary nodes. Seeds were collected from the field, sterilized, and germinated in vitro. Axillary shoots and cotyledonary nodes of 3-week-old seedlings were used as explants. To find the suitable PGR for adventitious shoot induction, 0.5 mg·L–1 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 0.1 mg·L–1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0.1 mg·L–1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), or 0.1 mg·L–1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was supplemented to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.65% agar and 3% sucrose. A high induction percentage of adventitious shoots (85.67%) was obtained from cotyledonary nodes supplemented with 0.1 mg·L–1 2,4-D. The type of explant influenced shoot proliferation rates and quality. Apical explants produced more and longer shoots than nodal segments. For shoot multiplication, 1 mg·L–1 6-BA + 0.05 mg·L–1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) supplemented with MS medium produced 12.33 and 6.25 shoots per explant, respectively, from apical and nodal explants. For shoot elongation and strengthening, 2 mg·L–1 6-BA + 0.05 mg·L–1 IBA supplemented with MS medium was the best combination, producing shoots with a mean length of 3.50 cm, a diameter of 0.46 cm, and about eight leaves per shoot. The greatest rooting of 76.70% and 11.33 roots per shoot was achieved when cultured in MS medium supplemented with 3.5% perlite + 1.5 mg·L–1 IBA. For acclimatization of the rooted plantlets in the greenhouse, a survival rate of 80% was achieved. This protocol—from multiplication to acclimation—is helpful to realize mass propagation of high-quality trees of chinquapin for increasing production and nut quality.

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