INCREASED YIELDS AND ETHYLENE PRODUCTION OF MECHANICALLY STRESSED WITLOOF CHICORY

Yields and quality of witloof chicory are often low when roots are forced following several months storage or when forced at high temperatures. A technique was developed to improve the yield and quality of the chicons forced hydroponically and a method developed to determine the rates of respiration and ethylene production during the application of the technique. The technique involves the use of a resilient material (polyurethane) combined with the application of pressure to the developing chicons. Marketable yields and density of `Faro' and `Bea' chicons increased with increasing pressure applied. Increasing pressure also resulted in a significant decrease in the length to diameter ratio of chicons, an indicator of improved quality. Mechanical pressure resulted in a 3 to 4 fold greater increase in ethylene production than the control. Respiration rate increased to about twice that of the control after 10 days forcing and thereafter declined slightly. The technique provides a tool for improving economic yields of hydroponically forced witloof chicory. A possible physiological explanation for the technique is provided.

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Effects of length-to-diameter ratio, pinewood sawdust, and sodium lignosulfonate on quality of rice straw pellets produced via a flat die pellet mill

Renewable Energy ◽

10.1016/j.renene.2021.09.088 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 181 ◽

pp. 1140-1154

Author(s):

Cuong N. Dao ◽

Abdul Salam ◽

Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh ◽

Lope G. Tabil

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Diameter Ratio ◽

Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽

Length To Diameter Ratio

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ETHANOL AND NITRIC OXIDE IN QUALITY MAINTENANCE OF ‘GALAXY’ APPLES STORED UNDER CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452017322 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

Author(s):

AURI BRACKMANN ◽

VAGNER LUDWIG ◽

FABIO RODRIGO THEWES ◽

ROGERIO OLIVEIRA ANESE ◽

ERANI ELISEU SCHULTZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Respiration Rate ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Acc Oxidase ◽

Acid Oxidase ◽

Controlled Atmosphere ◽

Ethylene Concentration ◽

Flesh Firmness ◽

Oxidase Enzyme

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of ethanol and two nitric oxide dose applications on the maintenance of the post-storage quality of ‘Galaxy’ apple during storage under controlled atmosphere (CA). Treatments evaluated were: [1] 1.2 kPa O2 + 2.0 kPa CO2; [2] CA + 20 µL L-1 of nitric oxide, [3] CA + 40 µL L-1 of nitric oxide; [4] CA + 1 ml of ethanol kg-1 fruit. Fruits received treatments before storage and were kept under CA during eight months and seven days of storage at 20 °C. Fruits had been kept on CA for eight months and seven days at 20° C. Fruits treated with ethanol showed higher ethylene production, low flesh firmness, high flesh breakdown, mealiness and acetaldehyde production. Fruits treated with 40 µL L-1 nitric oxide showed lower ethylene production, respiration rate and ACC oxidase ( (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) oxidase enzyme activity. Apples treated with 20 uL L-1 nitric oxide showed higher ethylene production, respiration rate, internal ethylene concentration CO2 and ethanol concentration. Ethanol and nitric oxide application before storage have no benefits in maintaining fruit quality after storage under CA due to lower flesh firmness, higher mealiness incidence, flesh breakdown and decay incidence.

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Shelf Life of Fresh Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) upon Foliar Application of Sulfur as Pesticide

10.21203/rs.3.rs-517772/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Nazoori ◽

Elaheh ZamaniBahramabadi ◽

Seyed Hossein Mirdehghan ◽

Maryam Afrousheh

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Respiration Rate ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Loss Of Weight ◽

Chemical Pesticides ◽

Over Time

Abstract Application of sulfur as pesticide is a strategy in plant protection, but it is of great importance for a pesticide not to influence the quality of the product. In this study, movento (0.5 kg/1000 L), confidor (0.4 kg/1000 L) and refinery micronized (R) and mineral (M) sulfur (30 and 60 kg/1000 L in water) were sprayed on pistachio trees of cultivar ‘Ahmadaghaei’ twice (in middle May and after 50 days) for controlling the psylla. Pistachios were harvested in late September and stored in 4 °C for 25 and 50 days in order to evaluate the effect of pesticides on the quality of hulls and kernels. Weight, taste, aroma, appearance, respiration rate, firmness of hull and kernel, phenolic content of kernel, anthocyanin, chlorophyll, carotenoid, a*, b* and chroma of hull and kernel declined over time, while phenolic content of hull, L* and hue of hull and kernel displayed an increasing trend. Antioxidant activity of hulls and kernels and ethylene production remained stable over time. Chemical pesticides stimulated loss of weight and hull firmness. Refinery micronized sulfur at both concentrations caused higher wight loss, higher chlorophyll of hull and kernel, lower carotenoid of hull and kernel, higher L* and hue and lower a*, b* and chroma of hull and kernel (lighter and greener color). All sulfur treatments reduced firmness and antioxidant activity of hull and kernel, while elevated the respiration rate, hull phenolics and hull anthocyanin. R30 saved the taste and aroma after 50 days. R30 and M30 showed higher ethylene production.

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Effects of Different Cooling Methods on Postharvest Physiology of Yali Pears during Ice Temperature Storage

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.1072 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 554-556 ◽

pp. 1072-1075

Author(s):

Li Ya Liang ◽

Zhao Jin ◽

Li Ping Hao ◽

Shi Jie Yan

Keyword(s):

Respiration Rate ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Physiological Disorder ◽

Slow Cooling ◽

Rapid Cooling ◽

Postharvest Physiology ◽

C Storage ◽

Cooling Methods ◽

Temperature Storage

The effects of slow and rapid cooling methods on the postharvest physiology of Yali pears during ice temperature (-0.5°C) storage were investigated. Respiration rate, ethylene production, browning index and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activity were used to evaluate the quality of Yali pears. The results showed that the slow cooling treatment decreased the levels of respiration rate，ethylene production，and PPO activity of Yali pears, and delayed the occurrence of the respiration, ethylene, and PPO activity peak compared to the rapid cooling treatment. The browning indexes of Yali pears with slow cooling treatment were lower than that of rapid cooling treatment. The results indicate that the cooling method may be an important factor affecting the storage quality of Yali pears. The slow cooling can delay the occurrence of physiological disorder during ice temperature storage.

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Ozone and 1-Methylcyclopropene Alter the Postharvest Quality of Broccoli

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.128.3.0403 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 128 (3) ◽

pp. 403-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Charles F. Forney ◽

Jun Song ◽

Lihua Fan ◽

Paul D. Hildebrand ◽

Michael A. Jordan

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Mold Growth ◽

Initial Value ◽

Respiration Rates ◽

Control Respiration ◽

Hue Angle

Fresh broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Italica group) florets untreated or treated with 1 μL·L-1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 14 h, were stored at 12 °C with 0, 200, or 700 nL·L-1 ozone. Senescence parameters were evaluated after 0, 1, 2, 5, 8, or 12 days of storage. Treatment with 1-MCP delayed the yellowing of florets, and at day 5 the hue angle of 1-MCP treated florets was 116° (green) compared to 102° (yellow) for the control. Respiration rates of florets were reduced by 1-MCP for the first 5 days. The 1-MCP treatment maintained higher chlorophyll fluorescence expressed as Fv/Fm during 12 days of storage. Also, 1-MCP reduced dimethyl trisulfide production, which contributes to off-odor development in broccoli florets. Compared with the controls, florets stored in 200 nL·L-1 ozone had less mold growth and yellowed more slowly, but no differences were observed in respiration, ethylene production, or Fv/Fm. Florets stored in 700 nL·L-1 ozone were greener than florets held in air or 200 nL·L-1 ozone. Interestingly, chlorophyll fluorescence of the florets stored in 700 nL·L-1 ozone decreased significantly and at day 12, Fv/Fm was only 30% of its initial value. Ozone at 700 nL·L-1 stimulated respiration and ethylene production of florets after 1 day of storage, and caused visible damage in the form of increased weight loss and browning of the floret stem ends. Treatment of broccoli with 1-MCP alone or in combination with 200 nL·L-1 ozone maintained the quality and extended the shelf life of broccoli florets.

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Technique for Improving Marketable Yield and Quality of Hydroponically Forced Witloof Chicory

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.11.1396 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 1396-1398 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhi Yi Tan ◽

Kenneth A. Corey

Keyword(s):

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Diameter Ratio ◽

Cichorium Intybus ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Late Season ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Term Storage

A method was developed to improve the yield and quality of chicons of witloof chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) forced hydroponically from roots taken following long-term storage. The method combines the use of a resilient material (polyurethane foam) with the application of pressure to the developing chicons. At the start of forcing, weights of 0, 150, 300, 450, and 900 g/root were applied to the crown and maintained until harvest. Marketable yields and density of chicons of the late-forcing cultivar Faro increased with increasing weight applied. Increasing weight also significantly decreased the length: diameter ratio of chicons, an indicator of quality. Increased marketable yield and improved quality of `Bea' (intermediate to late-forcing cultivar) chicons were achieved with application of 450 g/root. The technique provides a tool for improving economic yields of late-season, hydroponically forced witloof chicory.

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Effects of a Combination of 1-MCP, CaCl2 Treatment and Slow Cooling on Postharvest Physiology of ‘Zhonghuashoutao’ Peach during Storage

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.1076 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 554-556 ◽

pp. 1076-1080

Author(s):

Shi Jie Yan ◽

Li Ya Liang ◽

Zhao Chun Ma ◽

Ru Fu Wang

Keyword(s):

Respiration Rate ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Chilling Injury ◽

Physiological Disorder ◽

Slow Cooling ◽

Postharvest Physiology ◽

Cooling Method ◽

Cacl2 Treatment

Effects of a combination of 1-MCP, CaCl2 treatment and slow cooling on postharvest physiology of ‘Zhonghuashoutao’ peach were investigated. Respiration rate, ethylene production, firmness, juice contents and percentage of good fruit were studied to evaluate the quality of peach. The results showed that 1-MCP, CaCl2 treatment reduced the amount of respiration rate and ethylene production, delayed the appearence of ethylene peak, prolonged softening, restrained the chilling injury of ‘Zhonghuashoutao’ peach after harvest. Slow cooling method had better effect and could delay the incidence of physiological disorder and maintained good quality during storage.

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Cultivar Variation in Response to AVG and Heat Treatments for Sustaining Apple Fruit Quality in Cold Storage

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.781d ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 781D-782

Author(s):

Valeria Sigal Escalada* ◽

Douglas D. Archbold

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Respiration Rate ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Apple Fruit ◽

Heat Treatments ◽

Apple Cultivars ◽

Postharvest Ripening

To determine if apple cultivars vary in their response to aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and heat treatment, alone or combined, postharvest ripening traits and storability of treated Lodi, Senshu, Red Delicious and Fuji have been studied. An aqueous solution of AVG was applied 4 weeks before harvest of each cultivar at 124 g·ha-1 a.i. Control and AVG-treated fruit were heated at 38 °C for 4 days. Fruit were ripened at ambient temperature immediately harvest and treatment, or after storage at 4 °C for 30 days. AVG reduced firmness loss in all but Fuji apples immediately after harvest, and that effect was maintained in Senshu and Red Delicious apples after 30 days in cold storage. All AVG-treated fruit showed a reduction in respiration rate and ethylene production immediately after harvest as well as after removal from cold storage. Heat treatment alone prevented firmness loss in Senshu and Red Delicious cultivars, and slightly reduced respiration rate of Lodi and Senshu apples. Ethylene production was clearly lower in heated compared to non-heated fruit in Senshu, Red Delicious and Fuji. After cold storage, AVG and heat treatments combined decreased flesh firmness loss of Lodi apples, reduced respiration in Lodi and Fuji apples, and highly repressed ethylene production of Red Delicious and Fuji fruit. Overall, AVG seemed to have a stronger effect on the measured ripening traits, and its combination with heat treatment improved fruit quality of cold-stored Lodi apples and reduced ethylene production the most for all but Lodi.

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