scholarly journals OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT AND GROWTH RESPONSE OF THREE in vitro GROWN Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. CULTIVARS TO OSMOTIC STRESS.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1125a-1125
Author(s):  
Rida Shibli ◽  
L. Art Spomer ◽  
Mary Ann Lila Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Weighted Density ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat ◽  
Osmotic Properties

Osmotic adjustment in response to decreasing media water availability was observed for in vitro Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. cultivars Bright Golden Anne, Deep Luv, and Lucido. Water stress was induced by increasing sorbitol (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 M), mannitol (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 M), and sucrose (30, 45, 60, 75, 90 g·l-1) concentrations in modified MS media (2 mg·l-1 BA and 0.1 mg·l-1 NAA). Osmotic adjustment was evidenced by a significant reduction in measured cell sap osmotic potential (R2 = 0.78, 0.96, 0.91 for sucrose, sorbitol, and mannitol respectively) in all cultivars. Shoot length, weighted density (apparent mass), and proliferation were significantly reduced by sorbitol and mannitol treatments. Sucrose reduced shoot proliferation, increased length, and had an inconsistent effect on weighted density. Cultures grown on media without hormones showed tremendous increase in root number up to 60 g·l-1 sucrose. Sorbitol had a negligible effect on rooting at 0.1 M but no roots developed at higher sorbitol concentrations or in any mannitol treatments. Plants transferred to a non-water-stress media after they had experienced in vitro water stress exhibited no change in osmotic properties from the stress treatments.

scholarly journals Clonal propagation of Chrysanthemum morifolium ramat using various explants obtained from field grown plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 087-093
Author(s):  
MT Jahan ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
SAM Shariar Islam ◽  
Pronabananda Das ◽  
Md Monirul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Leaf Segment ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat ◽  
Shoot Tip Explants

A reliable and rapid large scale micropropagation method has been established from the node, shoots tip and leaf explant of Chrysanthemum morifolium growing in field condition. Experiments were conducted to standardize the culture media with plant hormone for multiple shoot proliferation and rooting for obtaining plantlets with uniform characteristics like mother plant in terms of growth and habits. Different concentrations and combinations of auxins (IAA) and cytokinins (BAP, Kin) were used in MS for the above purpose. Maximum shoot regeneration was found in MS treated with 2.0 mg/l BAP both in node and shoot tip explants. In the above combination, nodal explants produced 16 initial shoots. Shoot tip explants produced 12 shoots and leaf segment produced 07 shoots. For in vitro rooting, different concentrations of IBA and NAA were used. Higher rooting percentage was recorded on MS fortified with 1.5 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were hardened and successfully established in the soil. About 90% of the regenerated plantlets survived in the natural environment.

Verticillium wilt of chrysanthemum: quantitative relationship between increased stomatal resistance and local vascular dysfunction preceding wilt

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1023-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. MacHardy ◽  
Lloyd V. Busch ◽  
Robert Hall
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat

The relationship between the development of water stress and foliar symptom expression within chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) cuttings infected with Verticillium dahliae Kleb. was examined using relative water content (RWC), diffusive resistance to water vapor loss (stomatal resistance), and dye distribution along water-transport pathways as indicators of water stress. The RWC remained at a normal level until symptoms appeared, but stomatal resistance increased beginning about 8 days before symptoms. Dye movement along xylem elements was uniform within uninoculated checks and also within infected plants until stomatal resistances increased. Veinal dye distribution was incomplete within tissue exhibiting increased stomatal resistances, and the extent of dye interruption was closely aligned to the magnitude of resistance increase. Apparently, stomatal closure effectively prevented tissue desiccation under conditions of high, localized internal water stress, but this mechanism could not prevent tissue from becoming flaccid or wilted when water transport became so limited that water was deficient even within the large veins.

scholarly journals NANO BẠC TRONG KHỬ TRÙNG MÔI TRƯỜNG NUÔI CẤY IN VITRO CÂY HOA CÚC (CHRYSANTHEMUM MORIFOLIUM RAMAT CV. JIMBA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-513
Author(s):  
Dương Tấn Nhựt ◽  
Hoàng Thanh Tùng ◽  
Lương Thiện Nghĩa ◽  
Nguyễn Duy Anh ◽  
Nguyễn Phúc Huy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat

Phương pháp nhân giống in vitro được chứng minh là phương pháp hữu hiệu để nhân giống cây trồng với số lượng lớn trong thời gian ngắn và trở thành một công cụ hữu hiệu cho công tác chọn, tạo giống cây trồng. Tuy nhiên, phương pháp này vẫn còn những tồn tại mà nổi bật lên là vấn đề nhiễm vi sinh vật trong quá trình nuôi cấy, chúng làm giảm chất lượng, tăng khả năng mất nguồn giống. Khử trùng môi trường nuôi cấy là vấn đề bắt buộc đối với quá trình vi nhân giống, đây là giai đoạn tiêu tốn nhiều điện năng và trải qua nhiều công đoạn. Bên cạnh đó, việc hấp khử trùng môi trường trong một thời gian làm giảm hoạt tính của các chất điều hòa sinh trưởng thực vật cũng như thành phần dinh dưỡng của môi trường. Nghiên cứu này hướng đến việc ứng dụng nano bạc như một biện pháp thay thế cho phương pháp khử trùng môi trường truyền thống. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi bổ sung các nồng độ khác nhau của nano bạc (0 - 5 ppm), đường (0 - 30 g/l) và than hoạt tính (0 - 1g/l) vào môi trường nuôi cấy in vitro cây hoa cúc và không hấp khử trùng môi trường nhằm đánh giá khả năng tiệt trùng môi trường cũng như cảm ứng sự sinh trưởng và phát triển của cây. Kết quả ghi nhận được cho thấy, bổ sung 4 ppm nano bạc, không bổ sung than hoạt tính và nồng độ đường từ 0 - 20 g/l vào môi trường nuôi cấy không cấy mẫu cho hiệu quả khử trùng 100% sau 4 tuần. Cây cúc cho sự sinh trưởng và phát triển tốt trong môi trường bổ sung 4 ppm nano bạc, 20 g/l đường, 5 g/l agar và không hấp khử trùng.

scholarly journals Characterization of Composition and Antifungal Properties of Leaf Secondary Metabolites from Thirteen Cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Xue ◽  
Yifan Jiang ◽  
Hongwei Zhao ◽  
Tobias G. Köllner ◽  
Sumei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat

Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat is an ornamental plant of worldwide cultivation. Like many other species in the family Asteraceae, C. morifolium is a rich producer of secondary metabolites. There are two objectives in this study: (I) to determine and compare the diversity of apolar secondary metabolites among different cultivars of C. morifolium and (II) to compare their properties as antifungal agents. To attain these objectives, we selected 13 cultivars of C. morifolium that are commonly used for making chrysanthemum tea as experimental materials. Leaves at the same developmental stage were collected from respective mature plants and subjected to organic extraction. The extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 37 apolar secondary metabolites including 26 terpenoids were detected from the 13 cultivars. These 13 cultivars can be largely divided into three chemotypes based on chemical principal components analysis. Next, the extracts from the 13 cultivars were examined in in vitro assays for their antifungal properties against three species of pathogenic fungi: Fusarium oxysporum, Magnaporthe oryzae, and Verticillium dahliae. Significant variability in antifungal activity of the leaf extracts among different cultivars was observed. The 13 cultivars can be divided into four groups based on their antifungal activities, which could be partly correlated to the contents of terpenoids. In short, this study reveals large variations in chemical composition, particularly of terpenoids, of leaf secondary metabolites among different cultivars of C. morifolium and their different abilities in functioning as antifungal agents.

scholarly journals The Growth Response of Several Potato Genotypes (Solanum tuberosum L.) to Induced Water Stress Using Sorbitol and Polyethylene Glycol

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela A. CIOLOCA ◽  
Andreea M. TICAN ◽  
Maria IANOŞI ◽  
Carmen L. BĂDĂRĂU
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
In Vitro Response

The current paper aimed to study the in vitro response of potato genotypes to water stress induced by adding sorbitol and polyethylene glycol in the culture medium. The biological material analysed in the experiment was represented by a Romanian line ‘LP 11-1525/1’ and two isogenic lines ‘LI 101’ and ‘LI 102’. For cultures initiation, the line ‘LP 11-1525/1’ was started from meristems and for the other two genotypes true potato seeds were used. The studied potato genotypes behaved differently depending on the analysed parameters and on the treatment applied for drought tolerance. It was noted that the line ‘LP 11-1525/1’ achieved good results for most of the growth parameters studied, and also the lines derived from true potato seeds behaved well, in some cases even exceeding the line derived from meristems. Of the lines derived from true potato seeds, the best performance was noted for line ‘LI 101-6’ in all the analysed parameters, both on sorbitol and PEG medium. In addition, lines ‘LI 101-7’ and ‘LI 102-4’ achieved good results on both variants of medium used to mediate water stress. Therefore, establishing drought tolerance individuals within populations derived from true potato seeds using sorbitol and polyethylene glycol might be applied.

Development of NaCl-Tolerant Strain in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. through in vitro Mutagenesis

Plant Biology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hossain ◽  
A. K. A. Mandal ◽  
S. K. Datta ◽  
A. K. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
In Vitro Mutagenesis ◽  
Tolerant Strain ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat
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