scholarly journals COPPER HYDROXIDE-TREATED POTS IMPROVE THE ROOT SYSTEM OF BOUGAINVILLEA CUTTINGS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 556b-556
Author(s):  
James H. Aldrich ◽  
Jeffrey G. Norcini
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Root System ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Pot Size ◽  
Bougainvillea Glabra ◽  
Root Quality

The response of the root system of `Barbara Karst' bougainvillea [Bougainvillea buttiana (Bougainvillea glabra Choicy × Bougainvillea peruviana Humb. & Bonpl.) `Barbara Karst'] cuttings to 100 g Cu(OH)2·liter-1 in a white latex paint applied to the interior surface of square 66 ml, 120 ml, or 280 ml plastic pots was determined. Cuttings (10 cm long; 3-5 nodes; 2 leaves) were scored on opposite sides and dipped in 6000 mg·liter-1 KIBA for 3 sec. The cuttings were placed in treated or untreated pots that contained a medium of 1 Canadian sphagnum peat: 1 coarse perlite (v/v). The pots were completely randomized in a 3×2 factorial design. The cuttings were rooted under intermittent mist 9 sec·min-1 for 12 hr·day-1 in a greenhouse (20% shade). The number of primary roots, fresh and dry weights, and root quality were determined 15 June. The Cu(OH)2-treated pots resulted in a more compact, well-branched root system and eliminated root circling. However, root fresh weight was reduced by Cu(OH)2 treatment. Pot size influenced the number of primary roots and fresh and dry weights.

scholarly journals Effect of Cupric Hydroxide-treated Containers on Bougainvillea Propagation and Growth after Transplanting

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-183
Author(s):  
James H. Aldrich ◽  
Jeffrey G. Norcini ◽  
William E. Roddenberry
Keyword(s):  
Growth Index ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Cupric Hydroxide ◽  
Bougainvillea Glabra

Abstract Cupric hydroxide (100g Cu(OH)2/liter; 13.3 oz/gal) in a latex paint was sprayed to the interior of propagation cups to evaluate the effects on rooting of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy ‘Sanderiana’ cuttings and their growth after transplanting. Forty-two-day-old rooted cuttings propagated in Cu(OH)2-treated cups had a compact rootball with no root circling and tended to have more primary roots. From 91 to 144 days after transplanting 42-day-old rooted cuttings into non-treated 3.8 liter (1 gal) containers, transplants from the Cu(OH)2-treated cups had a greater growth index, principally due to increased height, than transplants from non-treated cups. However, the CU(OH)2 treatment did not significantly affect shoot or root fresh and dry weights 144 days after transplanting.

scholarly journals Effect of sucker weight and seedling site on the growth of sago seedlings (Metroxylon sago Rottb.) in Papua

2021 ◽  
Vol 924 (1) ◽  
pp. 012085
Author(s):  
A Soplanit ◽  
M K Rumbarar ◽  
P Beding
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Factor B ◽  
G Factor ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Abstract This study aims to obtain sucker weight and appropriate seedling site as a source of sago seeds by using seedling techniques in polybags to improve seed quality on sago cultivation. The experiment used a factorial design arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Factor A, namely sucker weight, consisted of <999 g, 1000-1499 g, 1500-1999 g and > 2000 g. Factor B is the seedling site, consisting of laying seeds in the field, greenhouse and paranet of 60%. The results of the study showed that there was no interaction between the sucker weight combined with the seedling site, but the sucker weight had a significant effect on the number of rachis and the number of primary roots per plant and the percentage of life seedlings. Higher rachis growth was 3.8 obtained from medium-sized sucker weights (1000-1499 g and 1500-1999 g) and the highest number of primary roots was 41.3. It is obtained at sucker weights of 1000-1499 g. Meanwhile, the higher percentage of seedling survival was obtained at medium to large sucker weights of 66.3-71.0%. Thus, multiplication of sago seeds using medium-sized sucker on polybag media is highly suggested.

scholarly journals Effects of Drip Irrigation with Plastic on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Biomass Distribution of Muskmelon

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Wang ◽  
Wenquan Niu ◽  
Yuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biomass Distribution ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Net Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Irrigation Pipes

An experiment was conducted in China to develop guidelines for the mulching drip irrigation of commercial muskmelon crops. Three sets of factors were laid out in rows to give a three × three factorial design. First, plastic covers were placed over the entire growing area (rows and inter-rows, or full), over the rows (half), or no plastic applied (none). Second, there was one irrigation pipe per row (T1), three pipes for four rows (T3/4), or one pipe for two rows (T1/2). Finally, the plants were irrigated when the soil water content fell to 60%, 70%, or 80% of field water capacity (FC). Information was collected on net CO2 assimilation (Pn), plant growth, and yield. Overall, maximum Pn occurred with half plastic covering, one irrigation pipe for two rows, and irrigation at 80% FC. Plant fresh weight was higher with half plastic covering, one irrigation pipe per row, and irrigation at 70% or 80% FC. Yield was higher with half plastic covering, and irrigation at 70% or 80% FC. There were only small differences in the yield across numbers of irrigation pipes. These results suggest that overall productivity was better with plastic covers over the rows and irrigation at 70% or 80% FC. Differences in productivity with different numbers of irrigation lines per row were small.

The effect of cupric carbonate on root morphology of containerized mycorrhizal pine seedlings

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 586-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Ruehle
Keyword(s):  
Root Morphology ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
First Order ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

Loblolly (Pinustaeda L.), longleaf (Pinuspalustris Mill.), shortleaf (Pinusechinata Mill.), and eastern white (Pinusstrobus L.) pine seedlings inoculated with Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch (Pt) were raised in a greenhouse in containers painted with latex paint containing 50 g/L cupric carbonate (CuCO3). To determine the effects of CuCO3 on root development and morphology, seedlings were sampled in the middle and at the end of the test. The treatment was effective in preventing most first-order laterals of all species from growing down the container wall, yet it had no significant effect on seedling height, root-collar diameter, or top and root fresh weight. Cupric carbonate had little effect on ectomycorrhizal formation on loblolly and shortleaf seedlings, but significantly increased it on longleaf seedlings and decreased it on eastern white seedlings. Using CuCO3 to alter root morphology of containerized southern pine seedlings inoculated with Pt has the potential for developing stock that will grow long laterals near the soil surface for anchorage and increase the rate of spread of Pt ectomycorrhizae from the plug to new roots after planting.

scholarly journals Growth of Euphorbia pulcherrima and Pelargonium ×hortorum in Shredded Rubber-containing Substrates

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 657e-657
Author(s):  
Michael R. Evans ◽  
Andrew A. Waber
Keyword(s):  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Axillary Branches ◽  
Weight Number

Euphorbia pulcherrima `Freedom' (poinsettia) and Pelargonium ×hortorum `Pink Elite' (geranium) were grown in 75:25:0, 50:50:0, 27:75:0, 75:0:25 50:0:50, 25:0:75 (v/v sphagnum peat: 0.25-grade rubber: 0.10-grade rubber) substrates or in a 50 sphagnum peat: 30 perlite: 20 loam (v/v) standard greenhouse substrate. Geranium root and shoot fresh weights, height, and number of axillary shoots were reduced when grown in rubber-containing substrates compared to plants grown in the standard control. As the proportion of either grade of rubber increased, root and shoot fresh weights, height, and number of axillary shoots decreased. Flowering in geranium was delayed and the number of inflorescences reduced as the proportion of the 0.10-grade rubber increased. Plants grown in the 0.25-grade rubber failed to flower by the termination of the experiment. Poinsettia plants grown in rubber-containing substrates had reduced shoot fresh weight, height, number of bracts, and bract area compared to plants grown in the standard control. As the proportion of either grade of rubber increased, height, shoot fresh weight, number of bracts, and bract area decreased. Number of axillary branches was reduced in substrates containing 50% and 75% of the 0.10-grade rubber. Days to anthesis was unaffected by substrate.

scholarly journals 354 REDUCING ROOTING-OUT PROBLEMS IN POT-IN-POT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 481d-481
Author(s):  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

A study was conducted with Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei `Acom a' to evaluate methods for reducing rooting-out problems in a PIP production system. The products tested were Biobarrier™, a geotextile fabric impregnated with trifluralin; Root Control'” fabric bag material; and Spin Out™, a commercial formulation of copper hydroxide (7.1%) in latex paint. Biobarrier™ reduced plant height, shoot dry weight, percent root dry weight outside of the planted container and total biomass compared to the non-treated control. For the control, 7.1% of the total root dry weight was found between the holder pot and planted container compared to 0.2% for the Biobarrier™ treatment. When the holder pot and planted container or the planted container and Root Control™ fabric were both treated with Spin Out™, plant height and shoot dry weight were reduced. Spin Out™ reduced root circling on the sidewalls of the planted containers but not on the bottom of the containers. All treatments except the control reduced rooting-out to a degree that allowed for the manual harvesting of the planted container from the holder pot after seven months in the field.

scholarly journals Growing Medium and Fertilization Regime Influence Growth and Essential Oil Content of Rosemary

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Boyle ◽  
Lyle E. Craker ◽  
James E. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Liquid Fertilization ◽  
Fertilizer Regimes ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Plants of rosemary [Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae)] were grown in pots containing a soilless (1 sphagnum peat:1 perlite) or soil-based (1 sphagnum peat: 1 perlite:1 field soil) growing medium and fertilized with either 12N-5.2P-12.5K controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) at 9.0 g/pot; constant liquid fertilization (LF) with 20N4.3P-16.7K at 150 mg N/liter; constant LF at 150 mg N/liter, plus CRF at 4.5 g/pot; weekly LF at 150 mg N/liter; or weekly LF at 150 mg N/liter, plus CRF at 4.5 g/pot. Constant LF plus CRF generally reduced plant height and depressed shoot fresh weight relative to other fertilizer regimes. Essential oil content was highest in plants receiving weekly LF. Plants grown in the soil-based mix were shorter, shoot fresh and dry weight tended to be lower, and essential oil yield was higher when compared to plants grown in the soilless mix. Satisfactory growth was obtained in both media when rosemary plants were fertilized with 12N-5.2P-12.5K CRF at 9.0 g/pot or weekly LF with 20N<.3P-16.7K at 150 mg N/liter.

scholarly journals F4 families of crispleaf lettuce with tolerance to early bolting and homozygous for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 1

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
José Luiz S de Carvalho Filho ◽  
Luiz Antonio A Gomes ◽  
Felipe A Biguzzi ◽  
Wilson Roberto Maluf ◽  
Sindynara Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Grand Rapids ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Gall Index

The objective of this study was to evaluate yield, commercial characteristics, tolerance to early bolting and resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita race 1 in 25 F4 families of crispleaf lettuce, obtained out of crosses between cultivars Grand Rapids, Regina 71, and Verônica. In the first experiment, we evaluate leaf blade and borders characteristics, aboveground fresh weight, and number of days from sowing to the anthesis of first flower (tolerance to early bolting). In the second experiment, we evaluated the resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 1 via gall index and number of galls and egg masses per root system. Five families had scores for leaf blade and borders similar to cultivars Verônica and Grand Rapids. Furthermore, 84% of the families were as tolerant to early bolting as cultivar Veronica, while 92% of the families were homozygous for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 1.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF ANTS AND OTHER ORGANISMS TO CERTAIN SCALE INSECTS ON COFFEE IN PUERTO RICO

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
M. R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Root System ◽  
Lateral Spread ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

1. Ninety-four percent of the roots of 21-year-old coffee trees growing in Catalina soil are found in the uppermost 12 inches of soil. 2. A well developed and heavy tree top was found to be correlated with a heavy and extensive root system, 3. The top to root ratio was 4 to 1. 4. Primary roots comprised 57.22 percent of the whole root system; secondary 25.72 percent and tertiary, 17.06 percent. 5. Primary roots were confined to the first 24 inches, secondaries to the 0-72 inch levels, while tertiary roots were found distributed throughout the 0-96 inch levels. 6. While the lateral spread of roots was over 8 feet, the penetration was slightly over 3 feet.

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