scholarly journals NEITHER GREEN NOR WHITE ASPARAGUS SPEARS ARE AFFECTED BY SUPPLEMENTAL NITROGEN

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 732b-732
Author(s):  
D. J. Makus
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
N Application ◽  
Total N ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

`Jersey Giant' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.), grown in an Enders silt loam mineral soil near Booneville, Ark., was given an application of 80 kg/ha of Supplemental nitrogen (N, as NH4N O3) either prior to or after the Cutting season in 1993. Neither N treatment affected spear objective Color, Pigments, soluble solids concentration (SSC), or yield. Supplemental N decreased spear Ca and K levels. Green asparagus had higher levels of total-N, K, S, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Al, Mn, and Cu, but lower levels of NO3 than did white asparagus. As the Cutting season progressed, spear SSC, S, Ca, NO3 (NO3 in White spears only), Zn, Mn, and Cu (Cu in white spears Only) levels decreased, While spear K and Al (Al in white spears only) increased on a dry weight basis. Fall residual soil NO3 levels were not affected by N application, but organic matter was lower in soil which received early supplemental N.

scholarly journals Response in Green and White Asparagus to Supplemental Nitrogen and Harvest Date

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Makus
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
N Application ◽  
Total N ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
K Concentration

`Jersey Giant' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.), grown in an Enders silt loam mineral soil, was given 80 kg supplemental N/ha either before or after the harvest season. Neither N application timing affected spear yield, objective color, or pigment concentration. Early supplemental N application decreased K concentration in white spears and Ca concentration in green spears. Green asparagus contained higher total-N, K, P, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Al, Mn, and Cu concentrations but a lower soluble solids concentration (SSC) and NO3 than did white asparagus. As the cutting season progressed, spear SSC and S, Ca, NO3 (NO3 in white spears only), Zn, Mn, and Cu (Cu in white spears only) concentrations decreased, but spear K and Al (Al in white spears only) increased on a dry-weight basis. Fall residual soil NO3 levels were not affected by N application timing, but organic matter (percent) was lower in soil that received early supplemental N.

Cell Size and Pretransplant Nutritional Conditioning Influences Early Vine Growth and Yield of Transplanted Watermelon

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 594e-594
Author(s):  
Charles J. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Research is needed to better understand the influence of cell volume and fertility on watermelon transplant size and field performance in order to determine the most economic production practices. `Jubilee' watermelon transplants were grown using a 4 x 4 factorial experimental design consisting of 4 cell volumes (30.7, 65.5, 147.5, and 349.6 cm3) and 4 fertility rates (0, 1/4, 1/2, and full-strength Hoagland's solution). Transplant shoot dry weight significantly increased as cell volume and fertility increased. Increasing cell volume linearly increased watermelon number/ha and tons/ha for early and total harvest in 1995. The average weight per watermelon significantly increased for early-harvested fruit but not for total harvest as cell volume increased in 1995. Soluble solids concentration linearly increased with increasing cell volume for early and total harvests in 1995. Cell volume had no significant influence on the harvest parameters measured in 1997. In 1995, increasing fertility linearly increased watermelon number/ha and tons/ha for early harvests. Increasing fertility increased the soluble solids concentration linearly for early-harvested watermelons in 1997 but not in 1995. Fertility rate had no significant influence on any of the other harvest parameters measured in 1995 and 1997. The growing conditions and disease pressure in 1997 reduced melons/ha, yield, and soluble solids content when compared to 1995 values. The half-strength Hoagland's solution produced the greatest number of watermelons/ha, tons/ha, and the highest soluble solids concentration in 1995 and 1997. Pretransplant nutritional conditioning had no significant effect on total `Jubilee' watermelon production in Louisiana for 1995 and 1997.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Partitioning in Apple Trees as Affected by Application Time

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moreno Toselli ◽  
Costanza Zavalloni ◽  
Bruno Marangoni ◽  
James A. Flore
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Partitioning ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Total N ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

15Nitrogen-ammonium nitrate was applied to four `Mutsu' apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) trees 40 days before harvest of 1996 (summer supplied nitrogen, SUN) and four others at full bloom in 1997 (spring supplied nitrogen, SPN) to evaluate the effect of application timing on N partitioning in mature trees. At leaf fall the largest amount of SUN was partitioned to roots and 2- to 4-year-old wood; the largest amount of SPN was partitioned to fruit and leaves and only a small amount detected in the roots. SUN did not increase N concentration in fruit or modify fruit firmness and soluble solids concentration, although it contributed to building up N reserves in the perennial woody organs. In 1997, as a result of the different timings of N supply, two sources of labeled N were distinguished and monitored in the vegetative organs: 1) the remobilized N, taken up in summer of 1996, stored in winter and then translocated to the growing tissues; 2) the newly absorbed N, taken up and moved to the canopy after the 1997 spring supply. Both fractions of remobilized and newly uptaken labeled N contributed to leaf and fruit N. Remobilized 15N was provided principally by roots which, from August to leaf fall, decreased their percentage of 15N by ≈18%, replacing the labeled with unlabeled N to maintain a constant concentration of total N.

scholarly journals Fruit Composition of `Arapaho' Blackberry Following Nitrogen Fertilization

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victorine Alleyne ◽  
John R. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
N Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

An investigation was conducted over 2 years to evaluate the effect of N rate and time of application on fruit composition of `Arapaho' thornless erect blackberry (Rubus L., subgenus Eubatus). N from ammonium nitrate was applied at 56 or 112 kg·ha-1 in single applications, or at 112 kg·ha-1 as a split application with 0 kg·ha-1 as the control. Increasing N rates increased fruit N and pH but did not affect soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, sugar-acid ratio, and total solids. Timing of N application had no effect on the fruit characteristics measured.

scholarly journals Comparison of Asparagus Cultivars during Storage

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Perkins-Veazie ◽  
J.K. Collins ◽  
T.G. McCollum ◽  
J. Motes
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Four asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) cultivars, UC 157, Syn 4-56, Mary Washington, and Viking KB3, were stored at 2C, and their quality was evaluated during 3 weeks of storage, There were no cultivar differences in respiration, weight gain, or soluble solids concentration initially or after storage. After 3 weeks of storage, the cultivars UC and S4 were more vividly green and less seedy than MW or VK, but UC exhibited slight to moderate chilling injury. Spears of S4 and VK had better overall appearance than MW or UC.

scholarly journals Postharvest Application of Chelated and Nonchelated Calcium Dip Treatments to Commercially Grown Honey Dew Melons: Effects on Peel Attributes, Tissue Calcium Concentration, Quality, and Consumer Preference following Storage

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene E. Lester ◽  
Michael A. Grusak
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Postharvest Application ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Commercially grown honey dew fruit [Cucumis melo (Inodorus group)] typically are harvested before abscission because fruit cut unripe have a longer storage life than fully ripe fruit. However, because fully ripe fruit contain higher concentrations of soluble solids (predominantly as sugars), an attribute that increases their preference among consumers, methods are being explored to extend the storage life of fully ripe fruit. In this study, fully abscised honey dew fruit were evaluated for tissue attributes and consumer preference following postharvest dipping in either chelated or nonchelated calcium (Ca) solutions. Calcium sources were an amino acid-chelated Ca, ethylene-diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-chelated Ca, or calcium chloride (CaCl2), with each provided at three different rates. Fruit were evaluated at harvest, and after 14 or 22 days commercial storage. Evaluations were peel surface changes (color and disorders), hypodermal-mesocarp tissue Ca concentration, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration, and consumer preference of the edible flesh. Peel color became yellowed and lighter during storage for all fruit, with higher Ca rates resulting in more intensely yellowed fruit. Hypodermal-mesocarp tissue Ca concentration was 0.90 mg·g-1 of fresh weight (900 ppm) at harvest, and declined in all fruit by 22 days storage. Peel disorders (disease and spotting) were none to slight for all fruit by 14 days storage, but by 22 days storage disease incidence ranged from none to severe, depending on the Ca source and rate. Fruit firmness declined in all fruit throughout storage, with the smallest declines measured in fruit treated with the amino acid-chelated Ca. Soluble solids concentration of fully ripe fruit was 12.3% at harvest, and showed either no decline or slight declines with storage among the treatments. Consumer preference was highest for freshly harvested fruit, but fruit were desirable even after 22 days storage across all treatments. Postharvest application of Ca at ≤0.16 m Ca in an amino acid-chelated form, versus EDTA-chelated Ca or CaCl2, slowed honey dew melon senescence so that after 22 days of commercial and retail storage the fruit were of high marketable quality, and there was no detrimental effect on consumer preference for the edible flesh.

scholarly journals Prestorage Heat Treatment as a Means of Improving Poststorage Quality of Apples

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Klein ◽  
Susan Lurie
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Major Benefit ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

The benefits conferred by a prestorage heat treatment on poststorage quality of apples (Malus domestics Borkh.) were measured on `Anna', a non-storing early cultivar, and `Granny Smith', a long-storing late cultivar. The major benefit was a decrease in rate of apple softening, both during OC storage and during simulated shelf life at 20C. Soluble solids concentration was not affected by heat treatment, but titratable acidity was reduced. Ethylene production after heat treatment and storage was similar to or higher than that of control apples, but respiration was lower. The optimum temperature and time combination for prestorage treatment of both cultivars was 4 days at 38C.

Effect of rate and timing of indaziflam on ‘Sunbelt’ and muscadine grape

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Basinger ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Wayne E. Mitchem
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

AbstractStudies were conducted at six locations across North Carolina to determine tolerance of ‘Sunbelt’ grape (bunch grape) and muscadine grape (‘Carlos’, ‘Triumph’, ‘Summit’) to indaziflam herbicide. Treatments included indaziflam (0, 50, 73 g ai ha–1) or flumioxazin (213 g ai ha–1) applied alone in April, and sequential applications of indaziflam (36, 50, 73 g ai ha–1) or flumioxazin (213 g ai ha–1) applied in April followed by the same rate applied in June. No crop injury was observed across locations. Muscadine yield was not affected by herbicide treatments. Yield of ‘Sunbelt’ grape increased with sequential applications of indaziflam at 73 g ha–1 when compared to a single application of indaziflam at 50 g ha–1 or flumioxazin at 213 g ha–1 in 2015. Sequential applications of flumioxazin at 213 g ha–1 reduced ‘Sunbelt’ yield compared to a single application of indaziflam at 73 g ha–1 in 2016. Trunk cross-sectional area was unaffected by herbicide treatments. Fruit quality (soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, and pH) for muscadine and bunch grape was not affected by herbicide treatments. Indaziflam was safe to use at registered rates and could be integrated into weed management programs for southern US vineyards.

Effect of Polyolefin Film on the Quality of Kiwifruit with 1-MCP Treatment in Modified Atmosphere Packages

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2769-2772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Hong Li ◽  
Cheng Jun Wang ◽  
Ai Li Wang ◽  
Yao Xiao ◽  
Yao Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

Kiwifruit is very perishable especially at 20 °C. The quality of kiwifruit with 1-MCP treatment stored at 20 °C in modified packages was investigated. Three different polyolefin films, including 0.03mm thickness polyethylene (PE), 0.03mm and 0.05mm thickness poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) films, were used as packaging films. Kiwifruit were fumigated with 1-MCP to delay ripeness and then packaged with the three films and control (air). O2 and CO2 concentrations in the packages, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA) and ascorbic acid were measured. MAP treatments could postpone the increase of TTS, inhibit the reduction of TA, and avoid the decrease of flesh firmness. Kiwifruit packaged in 0.05mm PVC obtained 33% TA more than control fruit and approximate 25 % retention of initial firmness. However, MAP didn’t maintain more ascorbic acid content of kiwifruit. In conclusion, MAP using polyolefin films combination 1-MCP treatment, especially 0.05mm PVC, might be more effective for preserving the quality of kiwifruit.

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