scholarly journals Storage Temperature Affects Sexual Potato Seed Dormancy

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noël Pallais ◽  
José Santos-Rojas ◽  
Rosario Falcón
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
The Relationship

Sexual potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) seeds require many months of afterripening in dry storage to completely lose dormancy and germinate readily at >25C. We examined the relationship between storage temperature and seed dormancy, as assessed by the percentage of germination after 4 days. Two F1 hybrid lots of `Desiree' × 7XY.1 were used; one seed lot was produced by carefully removing half of the developing tubers from the mother plant during seed development, and the control remained undisturbed. Seeds were stored with 3.4% moisture (dry-weight basis) at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50C and were tested eight times during 29 months for daily germination at 27/40C (21/3 h) for the first 8 days, followed by 6 days at 17C. After 29 months of storage, final germination was <97% only when control seeds were stored at 50C, in which germination was 72%. Germination after 4 days increased curvilinearly with increasing storage temperature, and both seed lots similarly lost dormancy (germination >90%) after 10 months at 40C. Optimum germination levels were maintained after 29 months at 40C. Seeds stored at 50C never completely lost dormancy, and after 7 months of storage, germination at 4 days gradually decreased to zero. Dormancy was eventually lost after 29 months in most seeds stored at <40C, and differences between seed lots suggest that removing tubers from the mother plant increased dormancy. We conclude that dry potato seeds can be safely afterripened at temperatures up to 40C; lower temperatures slow the rate of dormancy loss, and higher ones are detrimental to seed quality.

scholarly journals Pengaruh suhu penyimpanan dan konsentrasi sitokinin terhadap pematahan dormansi benih kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) G2

Kultivasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Nuraini ◽  
Sumadi Sumadi ◽  
Yuyun Yuwariah ◽  
Hanifah Rulistianti
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Potatoes ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Plot Design

Sari. Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu komoditas yang mendapat prioritas pengembangan, karena produk tanaman ini dipakai sebagai sumber karbohidrat serta memiliki potensi dalam diversifikasi pangan. Salah satu permasalahan dalam produksi kentang adalah terbatasnya persediaan benih kentang, karena adanya fase dormansi. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara suhu penyimpanan dan konsentrasi sitokinin terhadap pematahan dormansi benih kentang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan tiga ulangan.  Petak utama adalah suhu penyimpanan dengan tiga taraf, yaitu: suhu rendah ±10oC , suhu ruang  ±25oC  dan suhu tinggi ±30oC. Anak petak adalah empat taraf konsentrasi sitokinin, yaitu: 0 mgL-1, 50 mgL-1, 100 mgL-1, dan 150 mgL-1. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara suhu penyimpanan dengan konsentrasi sitokinin dalam mempercepat pematahan dormansi benih kentang. Penyimpanan benih kentang pada suhu ruang disertai pemberian konsentrasi sitokinin 50 mgL-1 dapat mempercepat pematahan dormansi benih kentang G2. Perlakuan suhu rendah menghasilkan tunas yang lebih panjang tapi bobotnya tidak berbeda dengan yang diberi perlakuan suhu ruang dan suhu tinggi, sedangkan pengaruh perlakuan sitokinin tidak berbeda terhadap panjang tunas, persentase tumbuh tunas per ubi, dan bobot segar tunas.Kata Kunci : Benih Kentang, Suhu Penyimpanan, Sitokinin, DormansiAbstract. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the important agriculture commodities, because it contains carbohydrates and can use for food diversification in Indonesia. One of the problems in potato production is the limited of seed potatoes, because of potato seed dormancy. This experiment analyzed the interaction between storage temperature and concentration of cytokinin on dormancy breaking of potato seed. The experimental design used Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plot was the temperature of storage, that consisted of three levels: low temperature ± 10°C, room temperature  ± 25°C and high temperature  ± 30oC. Subplot consisted of four levels of cytokinin concentration: 0 mgL-1, 50 mgL-1, 100 mgL-1 and 150 mgL-1. The results of the experiment showed that there was an interaction effect between storage temperature and cytokinin concentration on accelerating the breakdown of potato seed dormancy. Storage of seed potatoes at room temperature with application of 50 mgL-1 cytokinin accelerated the breakdown of G2 potato seed dormancy.  Low temperature treatment resulted longer shoot but the weight was not different than other temperature treatments, whereas cytokinin treatment did not differ in shoot length, percentage of bud growth per seed, and fresh weight of shoots.Keyword: Potato Seed, Storage Temperature, Cytokinin, Dormancy

Seed dormancy and longevity variability of Hirschfeldia incana L. during storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mira ◽  
Luciana Veiga-Barbosa ◽  
Félix Pérez-García
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Seed Population ◽  
Dual Strategy

AbstractWe studied the variability of germination, dormancy and viability loss of Hirschfeldia incana seeds in relation to seed size. Seeds were stored at 35°C under humid [75% relative humidity (RH)] or dry (33% RH) conditions. Seed germination and electrolyte leakage were evaluated periodically. Small seeds had lower longevity at humid or dry storage conditions (5 or 407 days, respectively) than large or intermediate seeds (7–9 or 536–727 days, respectively). Moreover, H. incana shows variability in seed dormancy related to seed size within a population, with small seeds having lower dormancy (13%) than intermediate (50%) or large seeds (72%). Dormancy was partially released after a short storage at 35°C and humid conditions. Under dry storage conditions, endogenous dormancy cycles were observed for over a year, and longer times of storage had a dormancy-breaking effect through dry after-ripening. Results suggest a dual strategy producing non-dormant seeds with low longevity that will germinate immediately after dispersal, and seeds with greater longevity that will delay germination. Membrane permeability increased linearly with ageing at both humid and dry storage (R2 = 0.60). Small seeds showed greater conductivity than intermediate or large seeds (0.7, 0.4 or 0.3 mS g–1 dry weight, respectively, at the 80% germination). The conductivity test could be used to evaluate the quality of H. incana seeds and would allow us to identify dormant (non-germinating) seed lots as viable. However, the influence of storage conditions and variability within a seed population on seed longevity should be taken into account when evaluating seed quality.

scholarly journals The relationship between seed coat color and seed quality in watermelon Crimson sweet

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mavi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Emergence Time ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
The Relationship

This work was carried out to determine the relationship between seed coat color and seed quality in Crimson sweet watermelon. Seed lots (1, 2, 3, and 4) were prepared taking into consideration seed coat colors in fresh seeds with naked eye. The color parameters of these prepared seed lots were determined using Minolta colorimeter. To determine quality differences between the seed lots, standard germination test, seed weight, water uptake ratio, mean germination time, emergence percentage, mean emergence time, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight and electrical conductivity values were determined. The seed weight (57.22 mg), germination percentage (86.5%), emergence percentage (77.5% total and 76.5% normal), seedling fresh weight (978.7 mg), and dry weight (64.7 mg) of the brown seed lot (Lot 1) were markedly higher than lots having lighter seed coat (2, 3, and 4). On the other hand the mean emergence time (7.7 days) and electrical conductivity value (128.8 &mu;S/cm g in 24 h) of the brown seed lot (Lot 1) were lower than lots having lighter seed coat (2, 3, and 4). The obtained data indicated that seed quality differences can be determined according to the seed coat color of Crimson sweet seeds. It was found that seed lot 1 had higher seed vigor and viability than seed lots 2, 3, and 4. Color parameters b*, C*, L*, and H&deg;, determined by Minolta colorimeter, showed significant correlation with seeds quality parameters.

Modelling the effects of potato seed-tuber age on plant establishment

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1219-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Richard Knowles ◽  
Gabor I. Botar
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Seed Tubers

Four physiological ages of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. 'Russet Burbank') seed-tubers were produced by varying the time of storage at 15 °C. Age was quantified as the accumulated degree-days (dd) above 4 °C over the 199-d storage interval, and plant emergence and establishment were then modelled in controlled environment studies. As age advanced, time to 50% sprout emergence decreased, reaching a minimum at 589 dd, and then increased with further aging. Apical dominance was also reduced, as evident from a linear increase in the number of sprouts per seedpiece with advancing age. Earlier emergence from older seed-tubers led to significantly more leaves, leaf area, and leaf and stem dry weights per plant compared with younger seed-tubers early in the study; however, this advantage in plant establishment was eventually lost as time progressed through 33 d, resulting in significant age by time interactions on each yield component. Unit leaf rate, and relative growth rates with respect to leaf area and plant dry weight, thus decreased linearly with advancing tuber age over the course of the study. Leaf area ratio of plants from older tubers was greater than that from younger tubers early in the study, but this difference decreased with time. Seed-tuber age affected LAR through altering the leaf weight ratio (efficiency of partitioning dry weight to leaves), not the specific leaf area. Yield component analysis showed that the number of leaves per stem and the leaf area per leaf accounted for 85 and 12% of the total variation in plant dry weight, respectively. Because plant establishment was clearly more advanced, there may be potential for utilizing aged Russet Burbank seed-tubers to improve grade and earliness and increase yield in areas with short growing seasons. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, seed-tuber age, vigor, potato

Seed Dormancy in Red Rice (Oryza sativa) I. Effect of Temperature on Dry-Afterripening

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Cohn ◽  
J. A. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture

The effect of postharvest storage temperature (–15, 5, 20, and 30 C) on seed dormancy of red rice [Oryza sativa L. ‘strawhulled (SH)’], an annual species, was studied. Intact and dehulled (by hand) seeds were dormant at harvest. Intact seeds were nondormant (greater than 90% germination at 30 C) after dry storage at 20 or 30 C for 4 weeks after harvest. In intact seeds stored dry at 5 C, the degree of dormancy was dependent upon postharvest exposure time at 20 C prior to storage. Dormancy of intact seeds decreased at 5 C as this initial postharvest exposure to 20 C was increased from 2 to 7 days. This effect of initial 20 C exposure was independent of seed moisture content (11 to 12%). After dry storage of intact seeds at 5 C, dehulling promoted germination. Germination of such dehulled seeds increased with increasing storage time at 5 C up to 11 months when complete germination occurred. The response of seeds dehulled immediately after dry storage at 5 C was independent of prior exposure time (2 to 7 days) at 20 C. Storage at −15 C prevented all forms of dry-afterripening for 1 yr.

scholarly journals Effect of simulated flooding during rice seed development and maturation on subsequent seed quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujittra Tejakhod ◽  
Richard H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
Harvest Maturity

AbstractThe resilience of seed quality in rice (Oryza sativaL.) to flooding was investigated. Pot-grown plants of thejaponicacv. Gleva, theindicacv. IR64, and the introgressed line IR64-Sub1 were submerged in water, to simulate flooding, for 3‒5 days at different stages of seed development and maturation. Mean seed weight, pre-harvest sprouting, ability to germinate, and subsequent longevity in air-dry storage were assessed. Whereas seed quality in both IR64 and IR64-Sub1 was resilient to submergence, in Gleva the longer the duration of submergence and the later in development when plants were submerged the greater the pre-harvest sprouting. Thousand seed dry weight was reduced more by submergence in Gleva than IR64 or IR64-Sub1. At harvest maturity, few pre-harvest sprouted seeds were able to germinate upon rehydration after desiccation to 11‒12% moisture content. Seed longevity of the non-sprouted seed fraction in air-dry hermetic storage (40°C, 15% moisture content) was not affected greatly by submergence, but longevity of thejaponicarice was less than that of theindicarices due to the former's steeper seed survival curves. Longevity of the twoindicarices was predicted well by the seed viability equation and previously published estimates of viability constants for rice. The greater dormancy of IR64 and IR64-Sub1, compared with Gleva, enhanced resilience to pre-harvest sprouting and reduced thousand seed dry weight from plant submergence. There was little or no effect of plant submergence on subsequent air-dry storage longevity of non-sprouted seeds in any genotype.

scholarly journals Effects of Harvest Date, Storage Temperature, and Moisture Status on Postharvest Needle Retention of Fraser Fir

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham-Butler ◽  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
David M. Pharr
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Abies Fraseri ◽  
Fraser Fir ◽  
Needle Retention ◽  
Needle Loss ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Fraser Fir (Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.) branches harvested Oct. 3 and Nov. 28, 1984 were stored with and without water at 9, 16, 23 and 30°C (48, 61, 73 and 86°F) for 6 weeks. Branches set in water exhibited minimal needle loss at all temperatures except 30°C (86°F) where 60 to 75% of the foliage detached. Branches without water retained needles better at lower temperatures where the drying rate was slower. Branches without water which were harvested Nov. 28 exhibited less needle loss than those harvested Oct. 3, but storage temperature had more effect than harvest date. Branches with water maintained a moisture content of 120 to 140% (dry weight basis) except those at 30°C (86°F) which decreased to 66% moisture content after 2 weeks. Later harvest date and lower storage temperatures improved postharvest needle retention of Fraser fir.

scholarly journals Effect of in vitro chitosan application on growth and minituber yield of Solanum tuberosum L.

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Asghari-Zakaria ◽  
B. Maleki-Zanjani ◽  
E. Sedghi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Effect On Yield

In order to investigate the effects of soluble chitosan on plantlets growth <I>in vitro</I> and increase of minituber yield in potato micropropagation, plantlets of Agria cultivar were treated <I>in vitro</I>with soluble chitosan at different concentrations including 0, 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/l added to the MS tissue culture medium. Plantlets were subsequently transferred to the greenhouse and minituber yield parameters were evaluated. At the concentrations of 750 and 1000 mg/l of chitosan the culture medium failed to solidify. Application of 500 mg/l of soluble chitosan increased the shoot fresh weight, but its lower concentrations did not significantly affect this trait (<I>P</I> < 0.05). The 5 and 15 mg/l of soluble chitosan led to a significant increase in root fresh and dry weight of <I>in vitro</I> plantlets, whereas, higher concentrations, especially 500 mg/l, significantly decreased root fresh weight of <I>in vitro</I> plantlets. Application of 500 mg/l chitosan <I>in vitro</I> resulted in improved acclimatization of plantlets in the greenhouse as expressed by significant (<I>P</I> < 0.05) increase in minituber number and yield, compared to the control. The tested lower concentrations had no effect on yield parameters. The present results indicate that soluble chitosan can be successfully incorporated into potato seed production from <I>in vitro</I> plantlets.

scholarly journals Kualitas benih dan pertumbuhan bibit cabai (Capsicum frutescens l.) pada perlakuan suhu dan wadah penyimpanan yang berbeda

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Dimas Bima Taghfir ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Budi Adi Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Storage Space ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Setting the temperature of the storage space of seeds and storage containers will greatly affect the quality of the seed. The aim of this research was to study the effect of temperature treatment, storage container and their interaction on seed quality and seedling growth of chilli. The study was conducted in Jetis Village and Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Breeding, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University from January to June 2017. The study was conducted using nesting experiments on the basis of Completely Randomized Design (RAL). The first factor was Storage Temperature (R1 = Room Temperature 24-29 oC, R2 = Refrigerator Temperature 5oC) and second factor was storage container nested at storage temperature that was (P1 = Alumunium foil, P2 = Paper and P3 = Plastic). Each treatment had 5 replications and each replication consisted of 100 seeds, so there were 30 experimental units. The data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with test of HSD (Honesty Significant Difference) 5% significance level. The results showed that the storage temperature (5oC) temperature increased the temperature and the seed vigor index was larger than the room temperature (28oC), the aluminum foil packaging produced the maximum growth potential and germination rate was higher than the plastic and paper packaging but there was no different growth rate and index vigor. Low storage space temperatures (5oC) can not maintain maximum seed quality where the 4 parameters were still below the standard quality of the seed. Seeds stored in low temperature (5oC) rooms producedfresh weight and dry weight of seedlings larger than high temperature (28oC), but the number of leaves, seed height and hypothetical vigor index were not significantly different. The aluminum foil packaging producedfresh weight and dry weight of seeds higher than plastic and paper packaging. However, the number of leaves, the height of seed and the hypothetical vigor index were notsignificantly different. Keywords : Temperature, container store, seeds quality, seedling growth, chilli.

scholarly journals High Temperature and Low Moisture Reduce the Storage Requirement of Freshly Harvested True Potato Seeds

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noël Pallais
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Storage Requirement ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Seed Moisture

Freshly harvested, true potato (Solarium tuberosum L.) seeds (TPS) will germinate at 15 ± 5C, but because of dormancy they must be stored for ≈18 months before they will germinate at >25C. Effects of seed moisture content (SMC) and temperature in storage on germination and seedling emergence were periodically tested during 18 months for seeds harvested from three positions on the mother plant. Seeds were stored with 37.,5%, and 7% SMC (on a dry weight basis) at 5 and 45C; sublets were removed monthly (1 to 7 months) from 45C and stored at 5C. Seed dormancy and viability were best preserved in storage at low SMC and low temperature, Seeds stored at 45C and 3 % SMC progressively lost dormancy and, after 4 months of storage, germination was up to 88% after 4 days at 127C. This rate of germination decreased with further storage. Up to 100% emergence occurred in 9 days in seeds stored for 18 months at 45C and 3% SMC. Seeds stored at 45C and 5% SMC lost dormancy in 2 months and <50% emergence occurred after 18 months. Seeds stored at 45C and 7% SMC deteriorated and became nonviable within 6 months of storage. The position of seed development did not significantly affect seed size or weight. However, seeds produced from the bottom third of the plant (lot A) were the most vigorous after dormancy was released with sufficient storage. This suggests that efforts should be made to produce TPS in the primary branches of the mother plant.

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