scholarly journals Effect of simulated flooding during rice seed development and maturation on subsequent seed quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujittra Tejakhod ◽  
Richard H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
Harvest Maturity

AbstractThe resilience of seed quality in rice (Oryza sativaL.) to flooding was investigated. Pot-grown plants of thejaponicacv. Gleva, theindicacv. IR64, and the introgressed line IR64-Sub1 were submerged in water, to simulate flooding, for 3‒5 days at different stages of seed development and maturation. Mean seed weight, pre-harvest sprouting, ability to germinate, and subsequent longevity in air-dry storage were assessed. Whereas seed quality in both IR64 and IR64-Sub1 was resilient to submergence, in Gleva the longer the duration of submergence and the later in development when plants were submerged the greater the pre-harvest sprouting. Thousand seed dry weight was reduced more by submergence in Gleva than IR64 or IR64-Sub1. At harvest maturity, few pre-harvest sprouted seeds were able to germinate upon rehydration after desiccation to 11‒12% moisture content. Seed longevity of the non-sprouted seed fraction in air-dry hermetic storage (40°C, 15% moisture content) was not affected greatly by submergence, but longevity of thejaponicarice was less than that of theindicarices due to the former's steeper seed survival curves. Longevity of the twoindicarices was predicted well by the seed viability equation and previously published estimates of viability constants for rice. The greater dormancy of IR64 and IR64-Sub1, compared with Gleva, enhanced resilience to pre-harvest sprouting and reduced thousand seed dry weight from plant submergence. There was little or no effect of plant submergence on subsequent air-dry storage longevity of non-sprouted seeds in any genotype.

Changes in seed quality during seed development and maturation in tomato

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Demir ◽  
R. H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture

AbstractChanges in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill.) seed quality were monitored during seed development and maturation in glasshouse experiments in 2 years. The end of the seedfilling period (mass maturity) occurred 35–41 d after anthesis (differing among trusses) in 1989 and 42 d after anthesis in 1990. Seed moisture contents at this developmental stage were 53–72% (wet basis), while the onset of ability to germinate (during 21-d tests at 20°/30°C) and the onset of tolerance to rapid enforced desiccation occurred just before (1990) or just after (1989) mass maturity. In 1989, seed quality was assessed primarily by seedling size in a glasshouse experiment; maximum mean seedling dry weight 25 d after sowing was not achieved until 24–40 d after mass maturity. In 1990, seed quality was assessed primarily by germination following storage; maximum normal germination after 35 d in storage at 40 °C with 14 ± 0.5% moisture content was attained 23 d after mass maturity, but with little difference among seed lots harvested 10 d earlier or up to 30 d later. The results contradict the hypothesis that maximum seed quality is attained at the end of the seed-filling period and that seed viability and vigour begin to decline immediately thereafter.

Seed survival in Chilean Nothofagus in response to desiccation and storage

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro León-Lobos ◽  
Richard H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Tree Seeds ◽  
Initial Seed

Nothofagus alpina,N. obliqua,N. glauca,N. leonii,N. dombeyiandN. pumilioseeds exhibited consistent, albeit slight, sensitivity to extreme desiccation, but nevertheless maintained viability at low moisture contents and cool temperatures (–10° to –20°C) over 2 years.Nothofagus alpina,N. obliqua,N. glauca,N. leoniiandN. dombeyiconformed to the seed viability equation of Ellis and Roberts; sensitivity of longevity to temperature was quantitatively similar to that of crop seeds, sensitivity to moisture was somewhat less, and a low-moisture-content limit to the equation was detected at 4.8% moisture content in hermetic storage at 65 °C, and possibly similar moisture contents at 30–40°C. These five species show orthodox seed storage behaviour. Therefore,ex-situconservation of theseNothofagusspecies in seed banks is possible, but the quality of seed lots collected requires attention. Seed storage behaviour was not defined inN. pumilio: initial seed quality was poor and loss of viability was detected over 2 years at 0°, –10° and –20°C at 2.7% moisture content, but not at 5.2%. The results confirm that the economy of nature in seed storage physiology extends to forest tree seeds, but the repeated observation of reduced sensitivity of longevity to moisture in forest tree seeds requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Effect of simulated rainfall during wheat seed development and maturation on subsequent seed longevity is reversible

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Ellis ◽  
Gajender Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Simulated Rain ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Harvest Maturity

AbstractPoor wheat seed quality in temperate regions is often ascribed to wet production environments. We investigated the possible effect of simulated rain during seed development and maturation on seed longevity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Tybalt grown in the field (2008, 2009) or a polythene tunnel house (2010). To mimic rain, the seed crops were wetted from above with the equivalent of 30 mm (2008, 2009) or 25 mm rainfall (2010) at different stages of seed development and maturation (17–58 DAA, days after 50% anthesis), samples were harvested serially, and subsequent air-dry seed longevity estimated. No pre-harvest sprouting occurred. Seed longevity (p50, 50% survival period in experimental hermetic storage at 40°C with c. 15% moisture content) in field-grown controls increased during seed development and maturation, attaining maxima at 37 (2008) or 44 DAA (2009); it declined thereafter. Immediate effects of simulated rain at 17–58 DAA in field studies (2008, 2009) on subsequent seed longevity were negative but small, e.g. a 1–4 d delay in seed quality improvement for treatments early in development, but with no damage detected at final harvests. In rainfall-protected conditions (2010), simulated rain close to harvest maturity (55–56 DAA) reduced longevity immediately and substantially, with greater damage from two sequential days of wetting than one; again, later harvests provided evidence of recovery in subsequent longevity. In the absence of pre-harvest sprouting, the potentially deleterious effects of rainfall to wheat seed crops on subsequent seed longevity may be reversible in full or in part.

scholarly journals Halogens, alcohols and potassium permanganate extend the storability of hot pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum l.) under accelerated ageing conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Deepu Mathew ◽  
S.D. Doijode ◽  
K. Madhavi Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seed Moisture

ABSTRACT The feasibility of extending the storability of fresh hot pepper seeds, by modifying the storage atmosphere, using the respiration inhibitors and seed desiccants was examined. Halogens such as chlorine, bromine and iodine and methanol, ethanol and potassium permanganate were used for a period of 22 months under accelerated ageing conditions of high seed moisture and temperature. The various seed quality parameters - viability, vigour, speed of germination, seedling dry weight, and moisture content were evaluated. In the untreated control, decreased seed viability was observed within 10 months of storage. However, iodine and chlorine were proved effective in retaining high seed viability up to 90.7 and 88.0%, respectively, even after 22 months of storage. Chlorine treatment was able to retain the seed vigour (904.0), iodine (766.4), KMnO4 (754.4) and methanol (566.7) whereas the value of vigour index in control was 72.0. Chlorine and iodine were on par in their ability to maintain the speed of seed germination (25.2 and 24.8, respectively), followed by KMnO4 (20.2). Seedling dry weight was proved as a parameter not sensitive in estimating the seed quality since even after 22 months storage of seeds at atmospheres of chlorine, iodine, KMnO4 and methanol did not show any differences. KMnO4 sharply reduced the seed moisture content from 9.83 to 7.89% providing better storability over the control.

scholarly journals Rice seed quality development and temperature during late development and maturation

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Late Development ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
C 32 ◽  
C 30

AbstractThe potential longevity of japonica rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica) seed is particularly sensitive to high temperature – and thus climate change – during development and maturation. Cultivar Taipei 309 was grown at 28/20°C (12 h/12 h) and then from 19 DAA (days after 50% anthesis), when seeds were just over half filled, at 28/20°C, 30/22°C, 32/24°C or 34/26°C (12 h/12 h). Whereas ability to germinate ex planta had been achieved in almost all seeds by 24 DAA, only half the population were desiccation tolerant. Desiccation tolerance continued to increase over the subsequent 28 d, similarly at all four temperatures. Subsequent longevity, assessed by p50 (period in days to reduce viability to 50% in hermetic storage at 40°C with c. 15% moisture content), increased progressively at 28/20°C until 38 DAA, and remained constant until the final harvest (52 DAA). The three warmer temperature regimes provided similar longevity to 28/20°C at any one harvest, except at 38 DAA where the warmest (34/26°C) was poorer. That temperature regime also provided greater seed-to-seed variability within each survival curve. The results confirm that appreciable improvement in seed quality occurs during seed development and also subsequent maturation in japonica rice, but that increase in temperature from 28/20°C to 34/26°C during late seed filling onwards has comparatively little effect thereon. Comparison with previous investigations suggests that seed quality development may be less sensitive to high temperatures during late development and maturation than during the early seed development that precedes it.

Seed development in Malva parviflora: onset of germinability, dormancy and desiccation tolerance

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pippa J. Michael ◽  
Kathryn J. Steadman ◽  
Julie A. Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Malva Parviflora

Seed development was examined in Malva parviflora. The first flower opened 51 days after germination; flowers were tagged on the day that they opened and monitored for 33 days. Seeds were collected at 12 stages during this period and used to determine moisture content, germination of fresh seeds and desiccation tolerance (seeds dried to 10% moisture content followed by germination testing). Seed moisture content decreased as seeds developed, whereas fresh (max. 296 mg) and dry weight (max. 212 mg) increased to peak at 12–15 and ~21 days after flowering (DAF), respectively. Therefore, physiological maturity occurred at 21 DAF, when seed moisture content was 16–21%. Seeds were capable of germinating early in development, reaching a maximum of 63% at 9 DAF, but germination declined as development continued, presumably due to the imposition of physiological dormancy. Physical dormancy developed at or after physiological maturity, once seed moisture content declined below 20%. Seeds were able to tolerate desiccation from 18 DAF; desiccation hastened development of physical dormancy and improved germination. These results provide important information regarding M. parviflora seed development, which will ultimately improve weed control techniques aimed at preventing seed set and further additions to the seed bank.

scholarly journals Temporal patterns of seed quality development, decline, and timing of maximum quality during seed development and maturation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Harvest Maturity

AbstractThe long-standing hypothesis that seed quality improves during seed filling, is greatest at the end of seed filling, and declines thereafter (because seed deterioration was assumed to begin then), provided a template for research in seed quality development. It was rejected by investigations where seed quality was shown to improve throughout both seed development and maturation until harvest maturity, before seed deterioration was first observed. Several other temporal patterns of seed quality development and decline have also been reported. These are portrayed and compared. The assessment suggests that the original hypothesis was too simple, because it combined several component hypotheses: (a) the seed improvement (only) phase ends before seed deterioration (only) commences; (b) there is only a brief single point in time during seed development and maturation when, in all circumstances, seed quality is maximal; (c) the seed quality improvement phase coincides perfectly with seed filling, with deterioration only post-seed filling. It is concluded that the search for the single point of maximum seed quality was a false quest because (a) seed improvement and deterioration may cycle (sequentially if not simultaneously) during seed development and maturation; (b) the relative sensitivity of the rates of improvement and deterioration to environment may differ; (c) the period of maximum quality may be brief or extended. Hence, when maximum quality is first attained, and for how long it is maintained, during seed development and maturation varies with genotype and environment. This is pertinent to quality seed production in current and future climates as it will be affected by climate change and a likelihood of more frequent coincidence of brief periods of extreme temperatures with highly sensitive phases of seed development and maturation. This is a possible tipping point for food security and for ecological diversity.

Leek (Allium porrum L.) seed development and germination

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gray ◽  
J. R. A. Steckel ◽  
L. J. Hands
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Allium Porrum ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Growth

AbstractThe effects of development of leek seeds at 20/10°, 25/15° and 30/20°C (day/night) and drying of seed harvested at different developmental stages on subsequent performance were examined in each of 3 years. An increase in temperature from 20/10° to 30/20°C reduced mean seed weight from 2.90 to 2.55 mg as a result of a reduction in the duration of seed growth from 80 to 55 days; seed growth rate was unaffected. Seed moisture content reached a minimum, up to 35 days after the attainment of maximum seed dry weight and 115, 90 and 70 days after anthesis at 20/10°, 25/15° and 30/20°C, respectively. The curves relating seed moisture to time for each temperature regime were mapped onto a single line accounting for >90% of the variation in moisture content, using accumulated day-degrees >6°C instead of chronological time. Seeds were capable of germinating when seed moisture contents were >60% (fresh weight basis), but maximum viability and minimum mean time to germination were not attained until seed moisture contents at harvest had fallen to 20–30%. Germination was little affected by temperature of seed development. Drying immature seeds increased percentage germination. Growing seeds at 30/20°C and drying at 35°C and 30% RH raised the upper temperature limit of germination compared with growing at 20/10°C and drying at 15°C and 30% RH.

scholarly journals Development of ability to germinate and of longevity in air-dry storage in wheat seed crops subjected to rain shelter or simulated supplementary rainfall

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajender Yadav ◽  
Richard H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Harvest Maturity

AbstractClimate change will alter rainfall patterns. The effect of rainfall during seed development and maturation on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed quality (ability to germinate normally; air-dry longevity in hermetic storage at 40°C with c. 15% moisture content) was investigated in field experiments (2011, 2012) by providing rain shelter or simulating additional rainfall. High ability to germinate was detected from mid seed filling until after harvest maturity. Subsequent longevity was more sensitive to stage of development. It increased progressively, reaching maximum values during maturation drying at 53–56 days after anthesis (DAA), 5–11 (2011) or 8–14 (2012) days beyond mass maturity; maximal values were maintained thereafter in 2011; longevity declined with further delay to harvest in 2012. Post-anthesis protection from rain had no major effect: in later harvests longevity was slightly greater than the control in each year, but in 2011 wetting treatments were also superior to the control. Wetting ears at all stages of development reduced longevity immediately, but considerable recovery in subsequent longevity occurred when seeds re-dried in planta for several days. The greatest damage to longevity from ear wetting occurred with treatments at about 56 DAA, with poorest recovery at 70 DAA (i.e. around harvest maturity) in absolute terms but at 56–70 DAA relative to gross damage. Hence, seed quality in a strongly dormant wheat variety was resilient to rain. Net damage was greatest from rain late in maturation. The phase of seed quality improvement in planta was dynamic with deterioration also occurring then, but with net improvement overall.

scholarly journals Temporal variation in seed quality of Indian spinach preserved in different containers

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kamruzzaman ◽  
S Khatun ◽  
A Rakib ◽  
MI Hoque ◽  
MH Rani
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Vigor Index

The experiment was conducted to investigate the seed quality of Indian spinach for three months stored at different containers (Plastic pot, polythene bag and cloth bag) during 2013-2014 at Seed Technology Laboratory of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur. The initial moisture content of the seed was 9.89% with 75.00% germination. However, after two months, the seed had a different range of increased moisture content with reduced germination percentage depending upon the packing materials. Among the three containers, seeds stored at cloth bag absorbed more moisture (14.36%) from surrounding atmosphere followed by the moisture content, 12.67% and 11.50% of polythene bag and airtight plastic pot, respectively. Seeds stored at plastic pot, polythene bag and cloth bag exhibited 65.00, 64.00 and 50.00 per cent germination, respectively. Similarly, the fresh weight and dry weight of seedling and seedling vigor were also decreased. The seeds of plastic pot were good in term of germination capacity, fresh and dry weight and vigor index in comparison to those stored at cloth bag and polythene bag.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 5 (2): 51-57, December, 2015

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document