Seed Dormancy in Red Rice (Oryza sativa) I. Effect of Temperature on Dry-Afterripening

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Cohn ◽  
J. A. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture

The effect of postharvest storage temperature (–15, 5, 20, and 30 C) on seed dormancy of red rice [Oryza sativa L. ‘strawhulled (SH)’], an annual species, was studied. Intact and dehulled (by hand) seeds were dormant at harvest. Intact seeds were nondormant (greater than 90% germination at 30 C) after dry storage at 20 or 30 C for 4 weeks after harvest. In intact seeds stored dry at 5 C, the degree of dormancy was dependent upon postharvest exposure time at 20 C prior to storage. Dormancy of intact seeds decreased at 5 C as this initial postharvest exposure to 20 C was increased from 2 to 7 days. This effect of initial 20 C exposure was independent of seed moisture content (11 to 12%). After dry storage of intact seeds at 5 C, dehulling promoted germination. Germination of such dehulled seeds increased with increasing storage time at 5 C up to 11 months when complete germination occurred. The response of seeds dehulled immediately after dry storage at 5 C was independent of prior exposure time (2 to 7 days) at 20 C. Storage at −15 C prevented all forms of dry-afterripening for 1 yr.

scholarly journals Storage of seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Y.K. Fan ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
J.X. Hu ◽  
M.Y. Ji ◽  
Q.Y. Lan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Desiccation ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Mature Seeds

The present study examined the effect of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 and 20/30°C) on germination and the storage behaviour of freshly harvested mature seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis. Seed desiccation tolerance and the effects of storage temperature (4 and 15°C), perlite water content (120, 180 and 240%) and seed moisture content (27.8, 38.2 and 49.2%) on viability were observed. Seeds had a higher germination at 25°C (88.3%) than at the other tested temperatures. Germination decreased as the seed moisture content decreased during desiccation. The germination of seeds stored at 15°C was higher than that of seeds stored at 4°C. Germination of seeds stored at 15 and 4°C was <65% and with extension of storage time, the germination decreased, indicating that neither temperature can be used for long-term conservation. For short-term storage, the seeds can be stored at 15°C with perlite with 180% water content in plastic bottles or at 15°C with 49.2% moisture content sealed inside aluminum foil bags.

scholarly journals 069 Preservation of Lettuce Seed for 30 Years: Cryopreservation Retarded Deterioration

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 400D-400
Author(s):  
P.C. Stanwood ◽  
L. Wheeler ◽  
L.E. Towill
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Vapor ◽  
Long Term Preservation

Long-term preservation of seed germplasm is a high agricultural priority. It assures that genetic diversity will be available for future generations for continued plant improvement. This experiment reports on the affect that storage temperature had on the viability of 65 selections of lettuce seed stored for 30 years. The average seed moisture content was 5.5% ± 0.5% (fresh weight basis). Fresh seed samples were placed at 5 °C storage in 1969. In 1975 they were then transferred to -18 °C storage. Viability remained at 98% ± 5% for the first 14 years of 5 /-18 °C storage, then viability declined. At 17 years storage, the average viability had dropped to 75% and continued to drop at about 4%/year. At the 17-year mark, individual samples were split, one-half remained at -18 °C the other half was placed under liquid nitrogen vapor (lnv) conditions (about -150 to -190 °C). The -18 °C stored samples continued to deteriorate to 14% viability at the 30 year test period (1999). The samples placed in lnv did not decrease further in viability and remained at 75% viability at the 30-year mark. Seed vigor was reduced in the -18 °C stored seeds that were still viable. The lnv-preserved samples were significantly more vigorous. It is clear from this experiment that lnv preservation was significantly superior to -18 °C storage and, in fact, stopped or significantly reduced the rate of viability loss in samples that are rapidly deteriorating.

scholarly journals Effect of Scarification, Seed Storage Temperature, and Relative Humidity on Lupinus havardii Wats. and Lupinus texensis Hook. Seed Germination

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 782-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Scarification

Seeds of Lupinus havardii Wats. and L. texensis Hook. were subjected to scarification, storage temperature (4 or 22 °C), and relative humidity (RH) treatments (11%, 23%, 52%, 75%, or 97% RH) for 12 months. Seed moisture increased as relative humidity increased with scarified seed having the greatest increase in seed moisture content regardless of storage temperature. For both species, the combination of seed scarification before storage, 75% RH, and 22 °C storage temperature resulted in a significant and rapid decline in germinability beginning at 4 months. Scarified L. texensis seed stored at 52% RH and 22 °C also exhibited a significant decline in germinability following 6 months storage. Seed of both species stored under all other conditions germinated similar to or higher than the initial germination rate after 12 months. These results clearly show that scarification can be performed before seed packaging as long as the seed packets are stored at ≤23% RH under 4 or 22 °C with no loss in germinability for at least 1 year.

scholarly journals Seed dormancy and germination in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) and lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-347
Author(s):  
Alba Marina Torres-González
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Solanum Betaceum ◽  
Tree Tomato

Tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) and lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) fruits enjoy high consumption and commercialization in Colombia. Seed dormancy has been reported for both species, and their propagation depends on seeds. The optimal germination conditions for these species are not well known. Thus, the temperature regimes for the seed germination were based on the mean, minimum and maximum temperatures of the locations where the crops were grown. Germination tests were carried out in four replicates of 50 seeds each on Petri dishes for both crops. Six temperature conditions and four pre-treatments were evaluated to break the seed dormancy for several seed lots. S. betaceum and S. quitoese exhibited shallow seed dormancy, and less dormancy was detected in the commercialized cultivars, such as S. betaceum cv. Tamarillo and S. quitoense (i.e. common lulo). For both species, the most recently harvested seeds had more germination capacity than the seeds stored for several months at a low seed moisture content (4%) and low storage temperature (20°C). The seed dormancy of S. betaceum and S. quitoense was broken successfully by applying GA3 (2,000 mg L-1) or alternating temperatures (e.g. 25/15°C). However, both treatments at the same time did not provide an additional benefit to promote seed germination. Potassium nitrate (1%) promoted seed germination in the S. betaceum seeds at both constant and alternating temperatures and in the S. quitoense seeds, only when alternating temperatures were applied. The application of GA3 increased the rate of germination more than KNO3 for both species at all temperatures. Using any of these treatments would work well to break seed dormancy in S. betaceum and S. quitoense, and the most convenient option could be selected depending upon budget and other resources.

scholarly journals Breaking Seed Dormancy during Dry Storage: A Useful Tool or Major Problem for Successful Restoration via Direct Seeding?

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol C. Baskin ◽  
Jerry M. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy ◽  
Time Required

To facilitate the restoration of disturbed vegetation, seeds of wild species are collected and held in dry storage, but often there is a shortage of seeds for this purpose. Thus, much research effort is expended to maximize the use of the available seeds and to ensure that they are nondormant when sown. Sowing nondormant (versus dormant) seeds in the field should increase the success of the restoration. Of the various treatments available to break seed dormancy, afterripening, that is, dormancy break during dry storage, is the most cost-effective. Seeds that can undergo afterripening have nondeep physiological dormancy, and this includes members of common families such as Asteraceae and Poaceae. In this review, we consider differences between species in terms of seed moisture content, temperature and time required for afterripening and discuss the conditions in which afterripening is rapid but could lead to seed aging and death if storage is too long. Attention is given to the induction of secondary dormancy in seeds that have become nondormant via afterripening and to the biochemical and molecular changes occurring in seeds during dry storage. Some recommendations are made for managing afterripening so that seeds are nondormant at the time for sowing. The most important recommendation probably is that germination responses of the seeds need to be monitored for germinability/viability during the storage period.

Seed Dormancy in Red Rice (Oryza sativa). II. Response to Cytokinins

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Cohn ◽  
Denise L. Butera
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Vacuum Infiltration ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Cytokinin Response

Dormant, dehulled red rice (Oryza sativa L. ‘Louisiana strawhulled′) germinated 80 to 90% at 30 C upon exposure to 10-3 M kinetin (6-furfurylaminopurine), benzyladenine (6-benzylaminopurine), or isopentenyladenine [6-(3-methylbut-2-enylamino)purine] at pH 3.5. Zeatin [6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-trans-2-enylamino)purine] was also active, eliciting 45% germination at 10-3 M. Adenine was inactive at concentrations as high as 10-2 M. There was little influence of light and no effect of initial pH of the medium upon cytokinin-stimulated germination. At 20 C the response to cytokinins was reduced, but germination of non-dormant seeds was not prevented. At 30 C, the germination of dehulled red rice with 10-3 M kinetin occurred rapidly, with almost 70% germination after 2 days. When dehulled seeds were incubated in water and then transferred to kinetin, percent germination decreased as the duration of water incubation increased. The loss of cytokinin response did not parallel the timecourse of imbibition. Cytokinins did not break dormancy of intact seeds. The hull appeared to limit kinetin uptake and inhibited germination even when kinetin was forced into intact seeds by vacuum infiltration. Dry-after-ripening of intact seeds at 30 C did not increase the kinetin-sensitivity of intact red rice.

Les temps de résidence du carbone et le potentiel de stockage de carbone dans quelques sols cultivés français

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Balesdent ◽  
Sylvie Recous
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Soil Carbon Storage ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
C Storage

In order to predict the potential of soils to store carbon in response to land use or climate changes, we measured the fluxes and distribution of residence times of C in French cultivated soils. We used the natural abundances in 13C and 14C to measure this distribution in long-term experiments of maize cultivation in France. 75% of the topsoil carbon had a mean residence time of 40 yr. Coarse particle-size fractions contained most of the younger carbon. A compartment of stable C was estimated using radiocarbon dating. Belowground plant material inputs stored as much as C as aboveground inputs. The effect of temperature on soil carbon mineralization affected only rate constants, with a Q10 = 3.1 constant in the range 1–25 °C. The data were summerized in a simple simulation model, which predicted a nil or low effect of climatic change on soil carbon storage in the next 50 yr. In France, land use changes will have more influence than atmospheric changes on C storage. Key words: France, greenhouse gases, mineralization, model, soil carbon, storage, temperature

scholarly journals STORAGE OF TRUE POTATO SEED

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 577c-577
Author(s):  
Noël Pallais
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
True Potato Seed ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture

True potato seed of Atzimba × 104.12LB (intermediate dormancy) was dried to seed moisture contents ranging from 3.85 to 12.5% (dry wt basis) and was stored for 2 years at 30, 15 and 5°C. Seed was tested for various germination and seedling vigor criteria at 4 month intervals. Seed dormancy and viability were better preserved at seed moisture levels below 7% and as temperature decreased. High moisture (>9%) was lethal to seed stored at 30°C. TPS should be stored at <5% seed moisture content. Under this condition seed dormancy in the genotype studied was lost after about 12 months at 30°C.

scholarly journals Storage Temperature Affects Sexual Potato Seed Dormancy

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noël Pallais ◽  
José Santos-Rojas ◽  
Rosario Falcón
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
The Relationship

Sexual potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) seeds require many months of afterripening in dry storage to completely lose dormancy and germinate readily at >25C. We examined the relationship between storage temperature and seed dormancy, as assessed by the percentage of germination after 4 days. Two F1 hybrid lots of `Desiree' × 7XY.1 were used; one seed lot was produced by carefully removing half of the developing tubers from the mother plant during seed development, and the control remained undisturbed. Seeds were stored with 3.4% moisture (dry-weight basis) at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50C and were tested eight times during 29 months for daily germination at 27/40C (21/3 h) for the first 8 days, followed by 6 days at 17C. After 29 months of storage, final germination was <97% only when control seeds were stored at 50C, in which germination was 72%. Germination after 4 days increased curvilinearly with increasing storage temperature, and both seed lots similarly lost dormancy (germination >90%) after 10 months at 40C. Optimum germination levels were maintained after 29 months at 40C. Seeds stored at 50C never completely lost dormancy, and after 7 months of storage, germination at 4 days gradually decreased to zero. Dormancy was eventually lost after 29 months in most seeds stored at <40C, and differences between seed lots suggest that removing tubers from the mother plant increased dormancy. We conclude that dry potato seeds can be safely afterripened at temperatures up to 40C; lower temperatures slow the rate of dormancy loss, and higher ones are detrimental to seed quality.

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