scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Variation in Grapes Based on RAPD and Isozyme Analysis

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 513E-513
Author(s):  
J. Lu ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
Y. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Isozyme Analysis ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Taxonomic Information ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Asiatic Species ◽  
Rapd Method

Genetic relationships among 42 grape accession of at least 15 species were estimated and compared using RAPD and isozyme techniques. These accessions were either hybrids or wild collections of the Asiatic species, the American species, the European grape (V. vinifera), and muscadine grape (V. rotundifolia). A total of 196 RAPD fragments were generated from twenty 10-mer primers. The pairwise similarities among the accession ranged from 0.46 to 0.94. A dendrogram was generated based on the RAPD similarity coefficients. Species/accessions were basically grouped together in accordance with their geographic origins. The similarities and dendrogram resulted from the RAPD analysis were consistent with the ones generated from the isozyme data, and also consistent with the known taxonomic information. This result suggest that the RAPD method, like isozyme, is an useful tool for studying grape genetic relationship/diversity and origination.

Phylogenetic relationships of five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) based on RAPD analysis

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenguang Cao ◽  
G Scoles ◽  
P Hucl ◽  
R N Chibbar
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Morphological Classification ◽  
Wild Wheat

The genetic relationships among the five groups of hexaploid wheat: common, spelta, macha, vavilovii, and semi-wild wheat (SWW) are not clear. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to assess phylogenetic relationships among these five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat. RAPD data were analyzed using the NTSYS-PC computer program to generate Jaccard genetic similarity coefficients. A dendrogram based on RAPD analysis grouped 15 accessions into five distinct clusters. These results are in agreement with those based on morphological classification, suggesting that common wheat is most closely related to SWW, followed by spelta, vavilovii, and macha.Key words: RAPD, macha, spelta, vavilovii, semi-wild wheat, phylogenetic relationships.

RAPD analysis off genetic variation in the Australian fan flower, Scaevola

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Swoboda ◽  
Prem L. Bhalla
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Arbitrary Primers ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Commercial Cultivars

The use of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to study genetic variability in Scaevola (family Goodeniaceae), a native Australian species used in ornamental horticulture, is demonstrated. Plants of the genus Scaevola are commonly known as "fan flowers," due to the fan-like shape of the flowers. Nineteen accessions of Scaevola (12 cultivated and 7 wild) were studied using 20 random decamer arbitrary primers. Eight primers gave a distinct reproducible amplification profile of 90 scorable polymorphic fragments, enabling the differentiation of the Scaevola accessions. RAPD amplification of genomic DNA revealed a high genetic variability among the different species of Scaevola studied. Molecular markers were used to calculate the similarity coefficients, which were then used for determining genetic distances between each of the accessions. Based on genetic distances, a dendrogram was constructed. Though the dendrogram is in general agreement with the taxonomy, it also highlights discrepancies in the classification. The RAPD data showed that Scaevola aemula (series Pogogynae) is closer to Scaevola glandulifera of series Globuliferae than to the rest of members of series Pogogynae. In addition, the RAPD banding pattern of white flower S. aemula, one of the commercial cultivars, was identical to that of Scaevola albida, indicating their genetic similarity. Our study showed that there is a large genetic distance between commercial cultivars of Scaevola (Purple Fanfare, Pink Perfection, and Mauve Cluster), indicating considerable genetic variation among them. The use of RAPDs in intra- and inter-specific breeding of Scaevola is also explored.Key words: Scaevola, Australian native, RAPD, genetic distance, genetic variability.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation of Rabbit Fish (Siganus canaliculatus Park, 1797) In the waters of Bone Bay and Makassar Strait

2019 ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
Prof Sahabuddin ◽  
Ambo Tuwo ◽  
DEA DEA ◽  
Andi Iqbal Burhanuddin ◽  
Asmi Citra Malina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Siganus Canaliculatus ◽  
Fish Samples

This research aims to study the genetic variation of Rabbit fish in the waters of Makassar Strait and Bone Bay with Random Amplified Polimorfhic DNA (RAPD) method. The Rabbit fish samples obtained from three population, Makassar Strait waters (Parepare and Takalar) and Bone Bay waters (Luwu Regency). 9 fish from each population preserved with TNES urea buffer solution. Extraction of genomic DNA with Phenol-chloroform method. Between seven primer screenings, four primer selected for RAPD analysis. Genetic variation analyzed using TFPGA software (tool for population genetic analysis). The genetic relationship presented in dendogram. The research shows that the genetic variation of the fish (Siganus canaliculatus) with RAPD analysis resulting the highest similarity indeks (0.8644) obtained between Parepare and Takalar waters population, and the lowest (0.7290) between Parepare and Luwu waters population. The closest genetic relationship obtained from Parepare and Takalar waters population 0,1458 while the farthest obtained from Luwu and Parepare waters population with 0.3161 score. According to the genetic relationship obtained two main groups that are Makassar Strait and Bone Bay population. The two population in the Makassar Strait are the same group and separated from Bone Bay population.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) by using RAPD markers

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Filipi Rodrigues Guimarães ◽  
Silvia Nietsche ◽  
Márcia Regina Costa ◽  
Glaucia Bethania Rocha Moreira ◽  
Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Molecular Grouping

Genetic diversity in a collection of 64 sugar apple accessions collected from different municipalities in northern Minas Gerais was assessed by RAPD analysis. Using 20 selected RAPD primers 167 fragments were generated, of which 48 were polymorphic (28.7%) producing an average of 2.4 polymorphic fragments per primer. Low percentage of polymorphism (< 29%) was observed by using the set of primers indicating low level of genetic variation among the 64 accessions evaluated. Genetic relationships were estimated using Jaccard's coefficient of similarity. Accessions from different municipalities clustered together indicating no correlation between molecular grouping and geographical origin. The dendrogram revealed five clusters. The first cluster grouped C19 and G29 accessions collected from the municipalities of Verdelândia and Monte Azul, respectively. The second cluster grouped G16 and B11 accessions collected from the municipalities of Monte Azul and Coração de Jesus, respectively. The remaining accessions were grouped in three clusters, with 8, 15 and 37 accessions, respectively. In summary, RAPD showed a low percentage of polymorphism in the germplasm collection.

Astronautical Mutation Breeding in Alfalfa and its Molecular Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2041-2045
Author(s):  
Min Qu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Breeding Technique ◽  
Rapd Makers ◽  
Intense Radiation ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Rapd Method

Astronautical mutagenesis is a new breeding technique. In space, the variation are produced by means of the comprehensive effect like high vacuum, microgravity, intense radiation and so on. The mutated seeds by astronautical mutagenesis will be selected to breed the new cultivars. Astronautical mutation breeding opens up a new way for breeding. In this study, the genetic variation of 10 “Zhaodong” Alfalfa mutated lines produced by astronautical mutagenesis were investigated using RAPD method. For RAPD analysis, 90 primers were tested and 21 primers were selected for the detailed RAPD makers. Comparing with the original “Zhaodong” Alfalfa, the genetic variation of mutated lines was very obvious. For the same Primer, there were more one band (a few bands) or less one band (a few bands) between mutant and its original lines. The amplified bands and polymorphic sites were rich, ranging from 250-2000bp.1108 RAPD loci were determined. The quantity of RAPD polymorphic loci ranged from 2-31. The rate of polymorphic sites of the mutants and wild types ranged from 2.06%-31.95%. The mutated line-8, 9, 10 had bigger variation and mutated line-10 has the biggest variation in all mutants, it can be for the further selection and breeding work for the new alfalfa.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity among Isolates of Phytophthora sojae in Anhui Province of China based on ISSR-PCR Markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Liu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Jiulong Hu ◽  
Kunyuan Li ◽  
Zhenyu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Similarity Coefficients

To explore genetic differentiation and the genetic relationships of Phytophthora sojae in Anhui Province, the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) technique was used to analyze the genetic diversity of P. sojae. One hundred and sixty ISSR fragments were observed, including 129 (80.6%) polymorphic bands. This suggested that abundant genetic diversity existed among P. sojae in Anhui Province. The pairwise genetic similarity coefficients among the 62 strains ranged from 0.72 to 0.96, with a mean value of 0.85, indicating that there was a high level of genetic variation. Phytophthora sojae strains were divided into five clusters based on neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis, and the clustering was not related to geographic source, according to Mantel’s test (r = 0.3938). In addition, the clustering of strains from the same geographical source had little relationship to the year of collection. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 16.65% of the genetic variation was derived from the collection area and 83.35% of the genetic variation was within-population variation. The genetic flow between different geographical sources ranged from 0.623 to 2.773, with a mean of 1.325, suggesting that gene exchange was frequent. Genetic distance and the genetic differentiation coefficient were not related to spatial distance.

AFLP analysis of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. dactylon genetic variation

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Q Wu ◽  
C M Taliaferro ◽  
G H Bai ◽  
M P Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Common Bermudagrass

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. dactylon (common bermudagrass) is geographically widely distributed between about lat 45°N and lat 45°S, penetrating to about lat 53°N in Europe. The extensive variation of morphological and adaptive characteristics of the taxon is substantially documented, but information is lacking on DNA molecular variation in geographically disparate forms. Accordingly, this study was conducted to assess molecular genetic variation and genetic relatedness among 28 C. dactylon var. dactylon accessions originating from 11 countries on 4 continents (Africa, Asia, Australia, and Europe). A fluorescence-labeled amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA profiling method was used to detect the genetic diversity and relatedness. On the basis of 443 polymorphic AFLP fragments from 8 primer combinations, the accessions were grouped into clusters and subclusters associating with their geographic origins. Genetic similarity coefficients (SC) for the 28 accessions ranged from 0.53 to 0.98. Accessions originating from Africa, Australia, Asia, and Europe formed major groupings as indicated by cluster and principal coordinate analysis. Accessions from Australia and Asia, though separately clustered, were relatively closely related and most distantly related to accessions of European origin. African accessions formed two distant clusters and had the greatest variation in genetic relatedness relative to accessions from other geographic regions. Sampling the full extent of genetic variation in C. dactylon var. dactylon would require extensive germplasm collection in the major geographic regions of its distributional range.Key words: common bermudagrass, AFLP marker, genetic relatedness.

scholarly journals The use of RAPD markers for differentiation of grapevine varieties registered in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
K. Moravcová ◽  
M. Baránek ◽  
M. Pidra
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Rapd Method

Fifty-one grapevine cultivars registered in the Czech Republic were a subject of RAPD analysis. Nine grapevine varieties which were supposed to be genetically distant, were analysed by means of 120 Operon primers during the initial screening of RAPD method. Sixteen primers producing reproducible and polymorphic bands were then used for amplification of all registered varieties. A dendrogram of genetic relationships and a methodology of identification of each variety were created. The resultant dendrogram mostly corresponds with known information about the origin and genetic relationships of the varieties. It is necessary to use the combination of RAPD markers for identification of each variety. It was possible to identify 26 out of 51 varieties registered in the Czech Republic by RAPD markers without any problems. Nine varieties were identifiable only on the basis of present and absent markers. Some varieties were very close relatives &ndash; they formed remote clusters. It was not possible to distinguish between them by RAPD method. Two varieties were not identifiable by the designed key. &nbsp;

scholarly journals 090 Identification and Genetic Relatedness among Pecan Cultivars Detected by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 404B-404
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Conner ◽  
Bruce W. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna

Genetic variation among pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] cultivars was studied using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Using a combination of primers, a unique fingerprint was produced for each of the pecan genotypes studied. The genetic relatedness between 44 cultivars was estimated using more than 100 RAPD markers. Genetic distances based on the simple matching coefficient varied from 0.91 to 0.59. The phenetic dendogram developed from cluster analysis showed relatively weak grouping association. However, cultivars with known pedigrees usually grouped with at least one of the parents and genetic similarity estimates appear to agree with known genetic relationships. Using RAPD information in determining genetic relationships among pecan cultivars with unknown or questionable pedigrees and the integration of that knowledge into the breeding program is discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of Iranian pistachio (Pistacia vera l.) cultivars

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-686
Author(s):  
Mojdeh Mahdavi ◽  
Fariba Sharifnia ◽  
Fahimeh Salimpour ◽  
Akbar Esmaeili ◽  
Mohaddeseh Larypoor
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Conservation Core

Iran has a rich pistachio germplasm, thereby, the diversity and number of Iranian pistachio cultivars is unique in the world. Genetic diversity is crucial for sustainable use of genetic resources and conservation. As one of the oldest nut crops in human history, pistachio nuts have a high nutritional value and are commercially important. In the present study, the genetic variation of pistachio genotypes was investigated by nuclear ISSR markers. In this study, genetic relationships among 11 cultivars was assessed by using 12 inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers. The total of 53 bands of which 44 (83%) were polymorphic were amplified by the 12 primers, an average of 4.4 bands per primer. The total number of amplified fragments was between 2 to 6 and the number of polymorphic fragments ranged from two to six. The amplified allele sizes ranged from 300 to 1600 bp. Pair-wise genetic similarity coefficients varied from 0.70 to 0.95. The UPGMA dendrogram differentiated the genotypes into two major clusters. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic and geographical distance. AMOVA revealed a significant genetic difference among cultivars and showed that 35% of total genetic variation was due to within- cultivars diversity. The present results may be used for the conservation, core collection and future breeding of the pistachio.

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