scholarly journals 375 Mono-, Di-, and Tri-acylglycerols and Phospholipids Inhibit Scald Development in `Delicious' Apples

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 508D-508
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Ju ◽  
Yousheng Duan ◽  
Zhiqiang Ju
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Cotton Seed Oil

Effects of different plant oils (soybean oil, corn oil, olive oil, peanut oil, linseed oil, and cotton seed oil) and oil component emulsions on scald development in `Delicious' apples were studied. Prestorage treatment with commercial plant oils reduced scald development, but was not as effective as 2000 mg•L-1 diphenylamine (DPA) after 6 months of cold storage. Different oil components played different roles in affecting scald. At 6% or 9% concentrations, neutral lipids (mono-, di-, and tri-acylglycerols), and phospholipids inhibited scald to the same level of 2000 mg•L-1 DPA treatment. Free fatty acids partially reduced scald, while α-tocopherol at 3% or higher concentrations accelerated scald development. There were no differences in scald inhibition between unsaturated neutral lipids and saturated neutral lipids or among the different acylated neutral lipids. When α-tocopherol was stripped from plant oils, the stripped plant oils at 6% or 9% controlled scald to the same level of 2000 mg•L-1 DPA treatment. Emulsions of 6% or 9% neutral lipids, phospholipids, or stripped plant oils did not induce greasiness on fruit skin. Fruit treated with lipids, phospholipids, or stripped plant oils looked greener and fresher compared with the control by the end of storage.

scholarly journals The vitamin E nutritional status of rats fed on diets high in fish oil, linseed oil or sunflower seed oil

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra R. Farwer ◽  
Bernardus C. J. Der Boer ◽  
Edward Haddeman ◽  
Gerardus A. A. Kivits ◽  
Antoon Wiersma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sunflower Seed Oil

Twelve groups of eight rats and two control groups of sixteen rats were given semisynthetic diets with 40% energy as fat for a period of 76 d. All diets contained a minimum of 3% energy as linoleic acid and comparable basal levels of D-α- and D-γ-tocopherol. The diets varied in fat composition and in the content of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate. The diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were either rich in fish oil (FO; groups 1–4; 10% energy as fish oil PUFA), linseed oil (LN; groups 1–4; 10% energy as α-linolenic acid) or sunflower seed oil (SF; groups 1–4; 10 + 3% energy as linoleic acid). The control groups were given a diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA; CO 1; 10 + 13% energy as oleic acid) or a diet with an ‘average’ linoleic acid content (CO 2; 8.5% energy as linoleic acid). Of each high PUFA diet three groups were supplemented with graded levels of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate. Steatitis, a sensitive histopathological indicator of vitamin E deficiency in animals fed on diets rich in fatty acids with three or more double bonds, was observed only in the adipose tissue of the FO groups, even in the group with the highest DL-α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation. Liver and serum α- tocopherol levels were found to be positively correlated and liver and serum γ-tocopherol levels negatively correlated with dietary DL-α-tocopheryl acetate. The groups on the FO diets had significantly reduced liver and serum tocopherol levels in comparison with the groups on the other high-PUFA diets. With the supplementation scheme used for the FO groups the liver α-tocopherol levels of both control groups were reached but the serum control levels were not.

scholarly journals Studies on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Siyal Kanta (Argemone mexicana linn) Seed Oil

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gm Ahmed ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MR Zaman ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MM Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Silicic Acid Column ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Silicic Acid Column Chromatography ◽  
Physico Chemical

The physico-chemical properties of the extracted oil were studied by the conventional methods. It was observed that Siyal Kanta grown under the soil and climatic condition of Bangladesh contains about 35% of pale yellow coloured oil. The total lipids were fractionated into three major lipid groups, neutral lipids, glycolipid and phospholipids by silicic acid column chromatography. Among the lipids, the neutral lipids were varied from 92.1-92.3%, glycolipid 5.5-5.8% and phospholipid 1.5-1.7% of the total oil of the lipid applied. The oil was also fractionated into mono-, di- and triglyceride by silicic acid column chromatography. The triglycerides were varied from 90.1-90.3%, diglycerides from 2.3-2.8% and monoglycerides from 1.5-1.8%. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids present in the oil were separated and found to be 14.2-14.5% and 84.2-84.8% respectively depending on the areas in which the plant grows. The fatty acid compositions of the oil were analyzed by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). The major fatty acids found in the oil were oleic acid (23%), linoleic acid (58%), palmetic acid (7%) and ricinoleic acid (10%). Key words: Siyal kanta seed oil; Glyceride; Lipid; Fatty acid. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9607 BJSIR 2011; 46(4): 561-564

scholarly journals Milk performance of dairy cows supplemented with rape seed oil, peanut oil, and sunflower seed oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.J. Dai ◽  
C. Wang ◽  
Q. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Peanut Oil ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Sunflower Seed Oil

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of supplementing different plant oils to the basal diet on milk yield and milk composition in mid-lactating dairy cows. Forty Chinese Holstein dairy cows averaging 120 days in milk (DIM) at the start of the experiment (body weight = 580 ± 18.2 kg; milk yield = 33.0 ± 2.00 kg/day) were used in a completely randomized block design. The animals were assigned to four dietary treatments according to DIM and milk yield, and supplemented with no oil (control), 2% rapeseed oil (RSO), 2% peanut oil (PNO) and 2% sunflower seed oil (SFO). Milk yield and milk composition (fat, protein, and lactose) were measured. Dry matter intake was similar in all treatments. The supplementation of plant oil increased milk yield, with the highest milk yield in RSO group. Percentages of milk fat, lactose, solids-not-fat and SCC were not affected by treatments except for an increase in milk protein content in oil supplemented groups. The fatty acid (FA) profile of milk was altered by fat supplementation. Feeding plant oils reduced the proportion of both short-chain (C4:0 to C12:0) and medium-chain (C14:0 to C16:1) fatty acids, and increased the proportion of long-chain (≥ C18:0) fatty acids in milk fat. The inclusion of vegetable oils increased the concentration of cis-9, trans-11 CLA. The cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in milk fat was higher from RSO to PNO and SFO was higher than the control. The TVA concentration was higher in the SFO diet, followed by PNO, RSO, and control diets. The results of this study indicated that linoleic acid was more effective in enhancing contents of TVA and CLA in milk fat than oleic acid. No significant effects of week and treatment by week interaction were found out in this study. Overall, feeding plant oils increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and decreased saturated fatty acids in milk fat. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of RSO increases milk yield the most, while SFO enhances the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in milk fat more effectively.

Insulin, metabolites and fatty acids concentrations in blood plasma of horses offered linseed oil in the concentrate

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 32-32
Author(s):  
L. Istasse ◽  
A. Delobel ◽  
O. Dotreppe ◽  
J.L. Hornick
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Fat Supplementation ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Striking Effect

The most striking effect of effort in horses is an increase in energy requirements covered mainly by intakes of large amounts of cereals. Cereals are high in starch, an easily available carbohydrate. High starch feeding is a well known risk factor for the development of intestinal disorders and injuries such as laminites (Clarke et al., 1990). The use of oil in horses diets is an alternative to reduce cereals incorporation. Corn oil, soja oil or coconut oil are often incorporated owing to their good palatability. The aim of the present work was to propose linseed oil as an alternative for fat supplementation in horses rations.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PERILLA FRUTESCENS SEED OIL

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif ◽  
Guru Ram Das
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
And Control

Perilla frutescens seeds contain saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids which include the monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These seeds contain approximately 35-40% oil. The oil of Perilla frutescens contains ω-3 fatty acids (54-64%), ω-6 fatty acids (≈14%) and the ω-9 fatty acids (small amount). In comparing to other plant oils, Perilla oil contains one of the highest proportions of ω-3 fatty acids. These polyunsaturated fatty acids are the most beneficial to human health in prevention and control of various diseases like cardiovascular disorders, cancer, inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis etc. This review article describes briefly the benefits and the medicinal uses of Perilla frutescens seeds.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Carbon Sources on the Extra-cellular Polysaccharide Production by Tremella cinnabarina in Submerged Culture

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Proma Khondkar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Polysaccharide Production ◽  
Grape Seed Oil

The effect of fatty acids, emulsifiers and plant oils were studied with respect to their potential to support the growth and extra-cellular polysaccharide production of Tremella cinnabarina in submerged culture. The extra-cellular polysaccharide (EPS) production and mycelial growth were substantially increased by supplementation with certain fatty acids in the medium. Oleic acid, sorbitan mono-oleate and grape-seed oil significantly enhanced EPS production which were 1.5, 1.6 and 1.3 folds, respectively, in comparison to the control. In case of lipids, the results indicated that the extent of stimulation or inhibition was associated with the types and levels of lipids. However, when lipids were used as sole carbon source, poor growth and lack of EPS production were observed. Key words: T. cinnabarina; extra-cellular polysaccharide; emulsifier; fatty acids DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v8i2.6029 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8(2): 147-152, 2009 (December)

THE DEPOSITION OF LINOLEIC ACID IN RATS FED CORN OIL

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1477-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
Morris Kates
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Phosphatidyl Choline ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Oil

Rats were fed different levels (0–30%) of corn oil in a purified basal diet, and the proportion of linoleic acid in the total fatty acids of carcass and liver lipids measured by gas–liquid chromatography. At 9 weeks, the proportion of linoleic acid in the carcass fatty acids of rats receiving no fat was 2%, whereas in those receiving 20% corn oil the proportion was 46%; this level was not exceeded when 30% corn oil was fed for the same time. In rats fed 2 or 20% corn oil for intervals up to 24 days, the proportion of linoleic acid in the liver fatty acids reached a maximum more quickly than did that in the carcass. The concentration of linoleic acid in chromatographically separated liver neutral lipid, phosphatidyl choline, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine was influenced to different degrees by the dietary level of that acid. The greatest increase in linoleic acid occurred within 3 days in the liver neutral lipids of rats supplied with the higher level of linoleate; smaller increases occurred in the phosphatidyl choline within 3 days and in phosphatidyl ethanolamine within 6 days. With increasing levels of corn oil in the diet, the concentration of linoleic acid in the liver neutral lipids approached that of the dietary oil.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Distribution of Secondary Metabolites in Olea europaea L.: Exhaustive Characterization of Eight Olive-Tree Derived Matrices by Complementary Platforms (LC-ESI/APCI-MS and GC-APCI-MS)

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Olmo-García ◽  
Nikolas Kessler ◽  
Heiko Neuweger ◽  
Karin Wendt ◽  
José Olmo-Peinado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Triterpenic Acids

In order to understand the distribution of the main secondary metabolites found in Olea europaea L., eight different samples (olive leaf, stem, seed, fruit skin and pulp, as well as virgin olive oil, olive oil obtained from stoned and dehydrated fruits and olive seed oil) coming from a Picudo cv. olive tree were analyzed. All the experimental conditions were selected so as to assure the maximum coverage of the metabolome of the samples under study within a single run. The use of LC and GC with high resolution MS (through different ionization sources, ESI and APCI) and the annotation strategies within MetaboScape 3.0 software allowed the identification of around 150 compounds in the profiles, showing great complementarity between the evaluated methodologies. The identified metabolites belonged to different chemical classes: triterpenic acids and dialcohols, tocopherols, sterols, free fatty acids, and several sub-types of phenolic compounds. The suitability of each platform and polarity (negative and positive) to determine each family of metabolites was evaluated in-depth, finding, for instance, that LC-ESI-MS (+) was the most efficient choice to ionize phenolic acids, secoiridoids, flavonoids and lignans and LC-APCI-MS was very appropriate for pentacyclic triterpenic acids (MS (−)) and sterols and tocopherols (MS (+)). Afterwards, a semi-quantitative comparison of the selected matrices was carried out, establishing their typical features (e.g., fruit skin was pointed out as the matrix with the highest relative amounts of phenolic acids, triterpenic compounds and hydroxylated fatty acids, and seed oil was distinctive for its high relative levels of acetoxypinoresinol and tocopherols).

Development and Validation of New Analytical Method for Acrolein in Air

1989 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-751
Author(s):  
Akio Yasuhara ◽  
Jason K Dennis ◽  
Takayuki Shibamoto
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Dichloromethane Solution ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Cotton Seed Oil

Abstract A new method was developed to determine vapor-phase acrolein in air samples. Air containing vapor-phase acrolein was purged into impingers filled with a dichloromethane solution of JV-methylhydrazine. The resulting derivative, l-methyl-2-pyrazoline, was analyzed by gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorous detector (NPD). The detection limit was 8.9 pg 1-methyl-2-pyrazoline, equivalent to 5.9 pg acrolein. The recovery efficiencies of vapor-phase acrolein were 98.0 ± 2.9% and 100.3 ± 3.1% for 150 and 15 μg, respectively. This method was satisfactorily applied for determination of acrolein formed from various heated fats. The amounts of acrolein formed in a headspace were 109 μg/L from lard, 164 Mg/L from corn oil, 5.1 μg/L from cotton seed oil, and 163 μg/L from sunflower oil.

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