PSI-B-27 Association of multiple SNP in the LRP4 gene with features of the cattle elemental status

Bovine syndactyly is an autosomal monogenic recessive trait associated with multiple mutations in the LRP4 gene encoding low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4. This protein is a specific facilitator of sclerostin-mediated inhibition of both Wnt1/ β-catenin signaling and osteocyte-secreted bone formation. It is assumed that sclerostin induces a decrease in extracellular pH and promotes the release of calcium ions from mineralized substrates. Therefore, mutations in the LRP4 gene might be associated with changes in the elemental status. The aim of this research was to evaluate the elemental composition of serum in cattle carrying multiple SNP in the LRP4 gene (16 trial animals) compared to animals without such mutations (62 control animals). DNA samples from 78 Black Pied cattle were sequenced with a TruSeq Bovine Parentage Sequencing Panel (Illumina, USA) on a MiSeq Illumina platform following by SNP analysis. The elemental composition of the serum was determined using ICP-AES and ICP-MS. The levels of Ca and P, crucial bone elements, were higher in trial cattle than in control group by 12.9% (P = 0.004) and 22.5% (P = 0.008), respectively. The level of V affecting the uniform distribution of calcium salts in bones, was higher in trial group than in control one by 34.5% (P = 0.001). The concentrations of Mn and Mg were higher in trial group than in control one by 23.6% (P = 0.026) and 10.0% (P = 0.044), respectively. The Sr level in trial cattle was higher by 18.8% (P = 0.04) that may indicate the rickets-like state. A similar trend was observed for toxic metals As and Li. This study demonstrates the association of the LRP4 multiple SNP and the changes in cattle elemental status. Moreover, such heterozygous animals have a higher risk of mineral metabolism disorders. This research was supported by The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project No. 0526-2019-0001).

Elemental Status of the Adult Population of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO), located in the northern part of the Tyumen Region, is inhabited by both indigenous and non-indigenous population. On its territory, there is a pronounced imbalance of chemical elements in the water, soil, and plants, which directly affect the elemental status of the population. Taking into account the significant differences in the nature of nutrition and lifestyle of the indigenous and newcomer population in the North, it was of interest to study the concentration of chemical elements in their hair. 173 residents of YNAO were examined: 1) 92 newcomers – 40 (43.5 %) men and 52 (56.5 %) women, who had been living in YNAO for 10 years; 2) 81 aborigines – 33 (40.7 %) men and 48 (59.3 %) women. Their mean age was 38.3 ± 9.6 years. The concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Zn, Se, Cd, Pb, and Hg in the hair were determined by means of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) at the Centre for Biotic Medicine (Moscow). Statistically significantly higher concentrations of Ca and Mg were established against the background of a lower content of Fe and Mn in newcomers compared to the indigenous population of YNAO (p < 0.001–0.011). At the same time, both groups had almost identical content of Cu and Zn. In addition, the indigenous population showed higher concentrations of Cr (p = 0.046), Se (p < 0.001), Hg (p = 0.019), and Cd (p = 0.030) and a slight excess of Pb in their hair. The established differences in the elemental status of newcomers and aboriginal inhabitants of YNAO are associated with the geochemical characteristics of this territory, dietary habits (lower consumption of simple carbohydrates by the aborigines and a large amount of fish in their diet), as well as widespread smoking among the indigenous people.

Microelemental Status In Chronic Kidney Disease

Evaluation of markers of endothelial dysfunction (endothelin-1 and nitric oxide) and elemental status (zinc, iron, magnesium) of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study includes 104 patients with different stages of CKD: 63 patients with I stage of CKD, and 26 patients with CKD stage III and 15 patients with CKD V stage. Results: in patients with CKD, endothelin-1 increased with simultaneous decrease in production of nitric oxide in the progression of CKD from I to V stage. The increase of the content of endothelin-1 by 2.5 times determined in patients with stage V CKD, which was accompanied by a decline of the ratio of the concentrations of NO/ET-1 by 5.5 times. In patients with CKD, elemental status impairments were detected, manifested by a decrease in the content of zinc, iron, and magnesium in the serum of blood at the first stage, with the maximum implementation in stage III CKD. Hypertension was detected in 68.3% of patients with CKD. Direct correlations were found between the content of serum iron and magnesium with the level of arterial pressure in patients with stage I CKD. In III and V stage CKD, a direct correlation of serum magnesium with blood pressure level and nitric oxide concentration was established. Conclusion: children with CKD have endothelial dysfunction and elemental status disorders, beginning with the first stage of CKD development, which can be considered as factors determining the progression of the pathological process in the kidneys.

Impact of technogenic dust pollution from the closed mining enterprise in the Amur Region on the ecosphere and human health

Environmental protection is a complex ecological and economic problem, including the need to develop and implement a number of environmental protection measures to mitigate the negative impact of mining waste on all natural environment components and human health. In this regard, the study purpose was to assess the impact of Pb, Cd, Cr, and As compounds on the environment and health of the population of the Solnechny miner’s village. Based on the purpose, the following tasks were set: 1) review and systematization of literature data on the problem of technogenic dust pollution; 2) assessment of the mining industrial system as a source of ecosystem pollution with toxic elements within the closed mining enterprises impact areas; 3) development of proposals for mitigating the impact of mining activities on ecosystems and human health. The paper presents the findings of the study of the elemental status of children and adolescents living within the closed town-forming enterprise JSC Solnechny GOK impact area. The relationship between the level of technogenic pollution of the natural environment and the changes in the elemental status of the children was shown. A feature of the elemental status of the children in the study group was high content of heavy metals, including Pb, Cr, and As. Our research confirmed the data that a growing child’s body actively adsorbs compounds of toxic chemical elements. Deficiency and imbalance of microelements in the body can cause ecologically-related diseases in the child population. Individual and population carcinogenic risks (CR) caused by the As, Pb, and Cr pollution were calculated. In accordance with the acceptance criteria for the risk caused by exposure to the pollutants, the individual carcinogenic risk CR (Cr) = 1,05 · 10–3 belongs to the fourth range and is unacceptable neither for the population, nor for occupational groups. This is De manifestis risk, and when it is reached, it is necessary to carry out emergency curative measures to mitigate it. The individual risks CR (As) = 7,05 · 10–4 also exceed the acceptable level for the population. This level of pollution is subject to permanent monitoring, requires development and implementation of planned curative measures to improve the indicators of the human environment, one of which is the organization of the environmental monitoring system in the study area.

Indicators of Mineral Metabolism Depending on the Body Mass Index

n this study, the elemental status of the hair of adolescent girls in the Orenburg region (n=120) with different levels of body mass index was studied and their average daily diet was evaluated. A nutrition assessment program was used to study the diet. Estimation of the element status was carried out through the study of the chemical composition of the hair by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. It was found that there was a general imbalance of elements in the diet of all of the studied groups, and students with obesity had lower consumption levels of all elements, except Mg and Se. Similarly, obese students had lower levels of all elements in their hair except Se, P, and Zn. Thus, changes in the level of body mass index, as well as geochemical features of the territory of the Orenburg region, affect the content of most macro- and microelements. Keywords: metabolic syndrome, trace elements, body mass index

Influence of the Indicators of Carbohydrate Metabolism on the Elemental Status

This study examined the elemental status of the hair and blood biochemistry of young men in the Orenburg region (n=38) with different glucose levels. Estimation of the element status was carried out through the study of the chemical composition of the hair by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. It was found that the studied serum parameters (Ca, Mg, Fe, P cholesterol, thyroxine, TSH and testosterone) were within normal values, and no statistically significant differences were obtained when comparing the groups. The concentration of chemical elements in the hair of the men in each group was in the range of physiologically acceptable values for this region. In the group with elevated glucose levels, there was a tendency for the men to have lower values of Ca and Mg, and higher levels of K, Na, P and a number of toxic elements (Al, Cd, Sn, Hg, Pb). Keywords: elemental status, trace elements, diabetes mellitus, metabolism