scholarly journals EFFECTS OF POSTHARVEST STORAGE AND GENOTYPE ON QUALITY AND SHELF LIFE OF FRESH SOUTHERNPEAS [VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) WALP.]

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 516D-517
Author(s):  
Justin Butcher ◽  
Teddy Morelock
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The University ◽  
Extension Center

Postharvest storage of southernpeas is crucial in the production process. Governed by consumer demands, farmers strive for a product that is high in quality and freshness, and has an appropriate texture and appealing color. Improper storage of southernpeas results in their premature deterioration, lack of acceptance, and possible loss of profit. Therefore, an appropriate storage facility and temperature should be devised that will benefit both farmer and consumer. In an effort to prevent potential losses of southernpeas, a study was conducted to determine the best environmental condition at which to store and to potentially extend shelf life. In 2004, two experiments were conducted on the University of Arkansas Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Fayetteville, Ark., to determine the best genotype and storage environmental condition to maintain a quality marketable prod-uct. In the first experiment, a screening of 23 southernpea genotypes was conducted from single plots to determine which genotypes could maintain their appearance the longest in a refrigerated environment. In the second experiment, two separate plantings were made of five southernpea genotypes in a randomized block design in two separate fields. Upon maturity, 12 mature green pods of each genotype were subjected to a sweated and unsweated treatment. After shelling, seeds were subjected to one of three different environmental conditions: cool regime, room temperature, and ambient air, evaluating each on the basis of changes in physical appearance; a hot water dip treatment was also examined. A refrigerated environment at or near 37 to 41 °F was the best environment to store southernpeas for nearly 2 weeks. The sweated treatment also aided in the shelling process and appeared to maintain the appearance of each genotype longer.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF STORAGE CONDITIONS AND GENOTYPE ON SHELF-LIFE OF FRESH SOUTHERNPEA

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 882a-882
Author(s):  
Justin Butcher ◽  
Teddy Morelock ◽  
Danielle Williams
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Percent Relative Humidity ◽  
The University ◽  
Good Environment

Postharvest storage of southernpeas, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., is a crucial point of the production process. Governed by consumer demands, farmers strive for a product that is high in quality and freshness, and has an appropriate texture and appealing color. Improper storage of southernpeas will result in their eventual deterioration, unacceptance, and possible loss of profit. Because of this, an appropriate storage facility and temperature should be devised that will benefit both farmer and consumer. In an effort to prevent potential losses of southernpeas, a study was conducted to determine the best environmental condition at which to store them to potentially extend their shelf-life. In 2004, five southernpea varieties—`Early Acre,' `Early Scarlet,' `Excel Select,' `Coronet,' and `Arkansas Blackeye #1'—were planted in a randomized block design on the University of Arkansas horticulture farm. Upon maturity, 12 green pods of each variety were subjected to a sweated and unsweated treatment and then shelled. After shelling, the seeds were subjected to four different environmental conditions evaluating each on the basis of changes in physical appearance. Further objectives of the study were to determine the best variety, environmental condition, and treatment to maintain product quality in a manner that would relate to growers on a commercial basis. Results showed that a refrigerated environment at or near 3 to 5 °C is a good environment to store this particular crop for nearly 2 weeks. It also appeared that the sweated treatment assisted with the shelling process and maintained the appearance of each variety longer. From the results, temperature and percent relative humidity are arguably two important components of postharvest storage that have the potential of negatively affecting the crop.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Conditions and Genotype on Shelf-life of Fresh Southernpea

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1131E-1132
Author(s):  
Justin Butcher ◽  
T.E. Morelock ◽  
D.R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Potential Losses ◽  
The University

Fresh-shelled southernpeas [Vignaunguiculata(L.) Walp.] is a popular vegetable. Postharvest storage of fresh-shelled peas is a crucial step in the production process. Farmers strive to produce a product that is high in quality and freshness with appropriate texture and appealing color. Improper storage and handling of southernpeas will result in deterioration. In an effort to prevent potential losses of southernpeas, this study was conducted to determine the best method to ship and store shelled peas. Five southernpea varieties: `Early Acre', `Early Scarlet', `Excel Select', `Coronet', and `Arkansas Blackeye #1' were planted in a randomized block design at the University of Arkansas. Twelve mature green pods of each variety were subjected to a sweated and unsweated treatment and then shelled. After shelling, seed were subjected to four different environmental conditions, and each treatment was evaluated for changes in physical appearance. Objectives of the study were to determine the best variety and environmental condition to maintain a quality marketable product. The study showed that a refrigerated environment at or near 3 to 5 °C allowed the crop to be stored for up to 2 weeks. It also appeared that sweating assisted with the shelling process and maintained appearance of each variety longer.

scholarly journals The Response of Fordhook Giant / Swisschard (Beta vulgaris var Cicla) and Mustard (Brassica Juncea) Spinach Vegetables to Irrigation with Saline Water

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
M. V. Dlamini ◽  
M. T. Masarirambi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The University

Saline irrigation water is becoming an important water source as fresh water is fast becoming a scarce resource in many areas of the world, including Eswatini, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.  A study to test the response of two varieties of spinach (fordhook giant and mustard) to salinity was conducted in a field pot experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture at the Luyengo Campus of the University of Eswatini.  The treatments were laid in a randomized block design (RCBD).  The experiment consisted of four treatments, each replicated twelve times.  Treatments were salinity levels of 0.0 dS/m, 1.5 dS/m, 2.0 dS/m and 3.5 dS/m.  All the treatments were subjected to similar agronomic practices. Spinach was grown and observed for a period of five weeks.  Plant height was measured and the number of leaves counted weekly throughout the experiment. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between salinity treatments were obtained for plant height beginning in week 2 but were more pronounced in week 3, 4 and week 5.  No significant differences were obtained for the number of leaves.  There were however, clear significant differences between spinach irrigated with none saline irrigation water compared to saline irrigation water.   It was concluded that irrigating spinach with saline water of more than 2.0 dS/m drastically reduce plant growth but not the number of leaves under the conditions of the experiment.

scholarly journals Agronomic descriptors and ornamental potential of passion fruit species

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Daiane Da Silva Nóbrega ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Michelle Souza Vilela ◽  
Fábio Gelape Faleiro ◽  
Karolline De Paula Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Fruit Breeding ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
The University ◽  
Two Hybrid

Brazil has great variability, being one of the centers of origin of the genus Passiflora. Passion fruit has a multiple and diversified uses, being little explored as an ornamental plant in the country. The objective of this work was to characterize four passion fruit genotypes (two hybrid materials from the experimental field of passion fruit breeding program of the University of Brasília, and two passion fruit cultivars - BRS Sertão Forte and BRS Mel do Cerrado, both of them from Brazil), based on official and validated morphoagronomic descriptors for the identification of morphological aspects and ornamental potential, under field conditions, in the Distrito Federal, Brazil. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design, with four treatments, four replications, and six plants per plot. Plants were analyzed weekly regarding the characteristics of the branches, leaf blade, petiole, and flowers, with 24 measurements of each structure in the four treatments, which were recorded using a digital camera. Flowers presented pronounced size and color, colored branches, and leaves of varying sizes and shapes. All materials studied showed commercial ornamental potential to be explored as new options for ornamental climbing plants. 

scholarly journals Effects of Ground and Unground Rice Straw on the Yield and Proximate Composition of Groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
Abdul'Aziz AYINLA ◽  
Bolaji Umar OLAYINKA ◽  
Emmanuel Obukohwo ETEJERE
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Nutrient Amendment ◽  
The University

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of ground and unground rice straw application as organic manure on the yield and proximate composition of groundnut seeds, at the University of Ilorin teaching and research farm. The field layout was a split plot Complete Randomized Block Design with four replications. The ground and unground rice straw were in the main plot and different application rates of the rice straw (0; 1,250; 2,500; 3,750 and 5,000 kg /ha) were in the subplots. The results revealed that ground and unground rice straws at 1,250 and 2,500 kg/ha application rates significantly increased (p < 0.05) yield attributes such as pods’ number with a range of 48.33-74.33 pod weight (23.95-42.70), number of seeds (45.67-77.33), seeds’ weight (13.55-25.56 g) and hundred seed weight (34.34-38.05 g) as well as some aspect of proximate composition such as ash content, crude protein and crude fats which ranged between 2.71-2.79%, 31.47-31.56% and 46.61-47.13% respectively, in order of their mention. The forgoing study revealed that ground and unground rice straw applied at the rate of 1,250 and 2,500 kg/ha can serve as an alternative for soil nutrient amendment in groundnut as it ensured a reasonable yield that is able to meet the nutritional needs of man and livestock.

scholarly journals Thrips Control in Cotton with In-Furrow Insecticides in Northeast Arkansas, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-218
Author(s):  
Glenn Studebaker
Keyword(s):  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
The University ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract ‘Plots of DES 119’ cotton were planted on 20 May at the University of Arkansas Northeast Research and Extension Center. Granular compounds were applied by Gandy box on the planter. In-furrow liquids were applied with a CO2 powered system mounted on the planter directing sprays into the furrow. The sprayer was calibrated to deliver 5.5 gal/acre at 42 psi through 8002 flat fan nozzles. Plots were four 38-inch rows, 50-ft long, arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Damage ratings were made based on a scale of 1-10 with 10 = severe damage. Thrips counts were made by collecting 5 plants from each plot and washing the plants through a series of sieves, counting the thrips collected in the final sieve. Yields were taken by harvesting the center two rows of each plot.

Assessment of the behaviour patterns of the lemon leaf-cutting ant, Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), to natural sources of allelochemicals

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando J.M. Sales
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Linear Hypothesis ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Atta Sexdens Rubropilosa ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hypothesis Model ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Mahonia Aquifolium ◽  
The University

AbstractReactions of the lemon leaf-cutting ant, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, to natural sources of allelochemicals has been investigated at the University of Southampton. A linear hypothesis model in a randomized block design of a factorial experiment was utilized to assess the responses of the ants to the treatment combinations. When workers were offered flowers and leaves of the specified plant species simultaneously with mesocarp and endocarp of orange, they exhibited a consistent preference for the flowers. Flower fragments comprised 93.64% of the experimental material brought to the nest, leaves 6.20%, orange mesocarp 0.04% and orange endocarp 0.12%. Deterrent effects were noticed in leaves of Scilla spp. (Liliaceae) and the ants were chemically stimulated to explore, cut and transport the highly attractive flowers of Mahonia aquifolium (Berberidaceae).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Drought Tolerance in Arkansas Cowpea Lines at Seedling Stage

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1132-1143
Author(s):  
Qirui Cui ◽  
Haizheng Xiong ◽  
Yufeng Yufeng ◽  
Stephen Eaton ◽  
Sora Imamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
The University

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculate (L.) Walp.] is not only a healthy, nutritious, and versatile leguminous crop; it also has a relatively high adaptation to drought. Research has shown that cowpea lines have a high tolerance to drought, and many of them can survive more than 40 days under scorching and dry conditions. The cowpea (Southern pea) breeding program at the University of Arkansas has been active for more than 50 years and has produced more than 1000 advanced breeding lines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the drought-tolerant ability in Arkansas cowpea lines and use the drought-tolerant lines in cowpea production or as parents in cowpea breeding. A total of 36 University of Arkansas breeding lines were used to screen drought tolerance at the seedling stage in this study. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replicates, organized in a split-plot manner, where the drought treatment (drought and nondrought stress) as the main plot and the cowpea genotypes as the subplot. Drought stress was applied for 4 weeks, and three drought-tolerant–related traits were collected and analyzed. Results showed that cowpea breeding lines: ‘17-61’, ‘17-86’, ‘Early Scarlet’, and ‘ARBlackeye #1’ were found to be drought tolerant.

scholarly journals Hydrocooling on postharvest conservation of butter lettuce

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane FM França ◽  
Welington S Ribeiro ◽  
Fernanda C Silva ◽  
Lucas C Costa ◽  
Elizanilda R Rêgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Cold Chamber

Lettuce is a vegetable highly susceptible to water loss, which reduces its shelf life and increases the final cost to the consumer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrocooling on the postharvest shelf life of butter lettuce 'Vitória de Santo Antão'. The lettuce heads, after selection, were subjected to the following treatments: T1= hydrocooling followed by storage at 5°C in the cold chamber; T2= storage in the cold chamber at 5°C without hydrocooling; T3= hydrocooling followed by storage at 22°C and T4= storage at 22°C without hydrocooling. We determined the shelf life, leaves mass loss, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble sugars content, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and starch. The data were analyzed in split plot in a randomized block design with four replications. The hydrocooling was effective in slowing down the visual wilting of the leaves at 5 and 22°C, extending the shelf life. The hydrocooling combined with storage at 5°C maintained the leaves water balance, keeping them hydrated during storage, causing an increase of 20% in the marketing of the product, from 5 days in lettuces without hydrocooling, to 6 days when these were subjected to hydrocooling. No effect of hydrocooling in the chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and starch of leaves was observed in any of the storage temperatures. The hydrocooling at 4°C during 5 minutes, followed by storage at 5°C is an effective technique to maintain the leaves water balance, promoting longer shelf life.

scholarly journals Skarifikasi Awal Dan Penambahan Beberapa Jenis Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Untuk Percepatan Perkecambahan Benih Kayu Kuku (Pericopsis moonianna Thw)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Neneng Laila Romdyah ◽  
Melya Riniarti ◽  
Ceng Asmarahman ◽  
Slamet Budi Yuwono
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bamboo Shoots ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Germination Vigor

Scarification was the destruction of the seed coat to  softening seed coat and  became permeable to water and gas. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best scarification techniques, types of growth regulatory substances and the combination of scarification treatments and addition of growth regulatory substances to accelerate the germination of Pericopsis mooniana seeds. The study was conducted using factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was the scarification technique, with hot water, and broken the seed skin. The second factor  was the addition of growth regulatory substances (coconut water and, bamboo shoots) shoot water and artificial growth regulatory substances  Dates analyzed with variance and continued with the tukey test at 5% level. The results showed that the scarification technique by broken seed skin significant differences in the percentage of sprouts, germination, average days of germination, vigor index, number of leaves, and seedling height. The addition of  growth regulatory substances did not show a significant difference in all observed variables.

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