scholarly journals Effect of Composted Biosolids on Soil Organic Carbon Storage During Establishment of Transplanted Sod

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Dai ◽  
Donald M. Vietor ◽  
Frank M. Hons ◽  
Tony L. Provin ◽  
Richard H. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

Large, volume-based applications of composted municipal biosolids (CMB) can enhance turfgrass growth and quality and soil physical and chemical properties. In addition, CMB additions could affect short-term dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and enhance C sequestration and environmental quality compared with turfgrass fertilized with inorganic nutrients in mineral soil. The objective was to compare changes in SOC among contrasting sources of Tifway bermudagrass sod (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davey) after transplanting. Three sod sources from fields grown with two commercial sources of CMB or inorganic phosphorus fertilizer were transplanted on silica sand in replicated box lysimeters. Storage of SOC within 0 to 5-cm and 5 to 50-cm depths was greater in CMB than fertilizer-grown sod during 10 months of establishment and maintenance. Leaching losses of dissolved organic C (DOC) were two times greater for CMB than for fertilizer-grown sod over seven simulated rain events, but the ratio of DOC in leachate to total SOC mass was 0.3% or less for CMB-grown sod. An increase in δ13C values of SOC over sampling dates indicated the proportion of SOC derived from turfgrass increased, whereas that from CMB decreased. The benefit of greater rates of SOC storage during establishment and maintenance of CMB compared with fertilizer-grown sod was achieved without substantive loss of DOC in leachate.

Stability and storage of soil organic carbon in a heavy-textured Karst soil from south-eastern Australia

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Hobley ◽  
Garry R. Willgoose ◽  
Silvia Frisia ◽  
Geraldine Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Mineral Association ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Particle Size Fractionation

Both aggregation and mineral association have been previously found to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) storage (the amount of organic C retained in a soil), and stability (the length of time organic C is retained in a soil). These mechanisms are therefore attractive targets for soil C sequestration. In this study, we investigate and compare SOC storage and stability of SOC associated with fine minerals and stored within aggregates using a combination of particle-size fractionation, elemental analysis and radiocarbon dating. In this heavy-textured, highly aggregated soil, SOC was found to be preferentially associated with fine minerals throughout the soil profile. By contrast, the oldest SOC was located in the coarsest, most highly aggregated fraction. In the topsoil, radiocarbon ages of the aggregate-associated SOC indicate retention times in the order of centuries. Below the topsoil, retention times of aggregate-SOC are in the order of millennia. Throughout the soil profile, radiocarbon dates indicate an enhanced stability in the order of centuries compared with the fine mineral fraction. Despite this, the radiocarbon ages of the mineral-associated SOC were in the order of centuries to millennia in the subsoil (30–100 cm), indicating that mineral-association is also an effective stabilisation mechanism in this subsoil. Our results indicate that enhanced SOC storage does not equate to enhanced SOC stability, which is an important consideration for sequestration schemes targeting both the amount and longevity of soil carbon.

Enhancement of soil organic carbon storage and aggregation following cropland afforestation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Hsin Cheng ◽  
Pei-Chen Lee ◽  
Xiao-Yi Fang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Organic C ◽  
The Public ◽  
Afforestation Policy ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Soc Stocks

<p>The cropland afforestation policy was initiated in 2002 in Taiwan and had been approaching the 20-year term. From the scientific perspective, it is a critical issue to understand the public welfare role and ecosystem services provided by the cropland afforestation. In this study, we investigated the changes of soil organic carbon (SOC) on plantations after 14 years conversion from the sugarcane fields. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth. Soil organic C concentration, bulk density, soil aggregation, and the stable isotopic <sup>13</sup>C of the SOC and aggregates were determined. The results indicated the SOC stocks on the afforested plots were between 1000 and 1500 g m<sup>-2 </sup>significantly higher than those under the sugarcane plots (p < 0.05). The analyses of stable <sup>13</sup>C indicated that the net increases in SOC stocks on the afforested plots were mainly attributed to the inputs of the forest-derived SOC that outweighed the loss of sugarcane-derived SOC. The afforestation also enhanced the aggregation with higher stability and SOC concentration. The comparatively depleted <sup>13</sup>C values in the stable macroaggregates further suggested the ecological function from this new SOC source. Combining with the stand development and aboveground biomass accumulation, we expected the cropland afforestation would provide ecosystem services and functions.</p>

scholarly journals Concept of soil organic carbon stock

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
Kabir Debbarma
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Storage

Soil organic carbon (SOC) controls ecosystem and agro-ecosystem function, influencing soil fertility, water holding capacity and many other functions. The total amount of C stored in the surface soil is higher than sub surface soil area. It is estimated that the amount of C in the atmospheric pool is about 766 Pg C and about 566 Pg C in living vegetation. It is also of global importance because of its role in the global carbon cycle and therefore, the part it plays in the mitigation of atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Different factors such as topography, climate, and soil physico-chemical properties also effect SOC stock in soil. Past long-term experimental studies have shown that soil organic C is highly sensitive to changes in land use, with changes from native ecosystems such as forest or grassland to agricultural systems almost always resulting in a loss of SOC. Land use change in different part of the world has also been observed to influence SOC stocks in different depth of the soil. Proper management of land use and land management practices and application of fertilizers, organic compost and manures could leads to greater C-storage in the soil, improves soil fertility and crop yield.

Soil organic carbon storage of paddy soils in China using the 1:1,000,000 soil database and their implications for C sequestration

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Hua Liu ◽  
Xue-Zheng Shi ◽  
D. C. Weindorf ◽  
Dong-Sheng Yu ◽  
Yong-Cun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Soil Database ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

scholarly journals A Two-Stage Approach to the Estimation of High-Resolution Soil Organic Carbon Storage with Good Extension Capability

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Sunwei Wei ◽  
Zhengyong Zhao ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
Xiaogang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

Soil organic carbon storage (SOCS) estimation is a crucial branch of the atmospheric–vegetation–soil carbon cycle study under the background of global climate change. SOCS research has increased worldwide. The objective of this study is to develop a two-stage approach with good extension capability to estimate SOCS. In the first stage, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is adopted to estimate SOCS based on 255 soil samples with five soil layers (20 cm increments to 100 cm) in Luoding, Guangdong Province, China. This method is compared with three common methods: The soil type method (STM), ordinary kriging (OK), and radial basis function (RBF) interpolation. In the second stage, a linear model is introduced to capture the regional differences and further improve the estimation accuracy of the Luoding-based ANN model when extending it to Xinxing, Guangdong Province. This is done after assessing the generalizability of the above four methods with 120 soil samples from Xinxing. The results for the first stage show that the ANN model has much better estimation accuracy than STM, OK, and RBF, with the average root mean square error (RMSE) of the five soil layers decreasing by 0.62–0.90 kg·m−2, R2 increasing from 0.54 to 0.65, and the mean absolute error decreasing from 0.32 to 0.42. Moreover, the spatial distribution maps produced by the ANN model are more accurate than those of other methods for describing the overall and local SOCS in detail. The results of the second stage indicate that STM, OK, and RBF have poor generalizability (R2 < 0.1), and the R2 value obtained with ANN method is also 43–56% lower for the five soil layers compared with the estimation accuracy achieved in Luoding. However, the R2 of the linear models built with the 20% soil samples from Xinxing are 0.23–0.29 higher for the five soil layers. Thus, the ANN model is an effective method for accurately estimating SOCS on a regional scale with a small number of field samples. The linear model could easily extend the ANN model to outside areas where the ANN model was originally developed with a better level of accuracy.

scholarly journals Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Semi-Arid Irrigated Cropping Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Bierer ◽  
April B. Leytem ◽  
Robert S. Dungan ◽  
Amber D. Moore ◽  
David L. Bjorneberg
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Dndc Model ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Semi Arid

Insufficient characterization of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in semi-arid climates contributes uncertainty to SOC sequestration estimates. This study estimated changes in SOC (0–30 cm depth) due to variations in manure management, tillage regime, winter cover crop, and crop rotation in southern Idaho (USA). Empirical data were used to drive the Denitrification Decomposition (DNDC) model in a “default” and calibrated capacity and forecast SOC levels until 2050. Empirical data indicates: (i) no effect (p = 0.51) of winter triticale on SOC after 3 years; (ii) SOC accumulation (0.6 ± 0.5 Mg ha–1 year–1) under a rotation of corn-barley-alfalfax3 and no change (p = 0.905) in a rotation of wheat-potato-barley-sugarbeet; (iii) manure applied annually at rate 1X is not significantly different (p = 0.75) from biennial application at rate 2X; and (iv) no significant effect of manure application timing (p = 0.41, fall vs. spring). The DNDC model simulated empirical SOC and biomass C measurements adequately in a default capacity, yet specific issues were encountered. By 2050, model forecasting suggested: (i) triticale cover resulted in SOC accrual (0.05–0.27 Mg ha–1 year–1); (ii) when manure is applied, conventional tillage regimes are favored; and (iii) manure applied treatments accrue SOC suggesting a quadratic relationship (all R2 > 0.85 and all p < 0.0001), yet saturation behavior was not realized when extending the simulation to 2100. It is possible that under very large C inputs that C sequestration is favored by DNDC which may influence “NetZero” C initiatives.

Estimations of soil organic carbon storage in cropland of China based on DNDC model

Geoderma ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huajun Tang ◽  
Jianjun Qiu ◽  
Eric Van Ranst ◽  
Changsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Dndc Model ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

Long-term effects of fertilisers and organic sources on soil organic carbon fractions under a rice–wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of north-west India

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Das ◽  
B. S. Dwivedi ◽  
V. K. Singh ◽  
S. P. Datta ◽  
M. C. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Labile C ◽  
Labile C Fractions

Decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) content is considered a key constraint for sustenance of rice–wheat system (RWS) productivity in the Indo-Gangetic Plain region. We, therefore, studied the effects of fertilisers and manures on SOC pools, and their relationships with crop yields after 18 years of continuous RWS. Total organic C increased significantly with the integrated use of fertilisers and organic sources (from 13 to 16.03gkg–1) compared with unfertilised control (11.5gkg–1) or sole fertiliser (NPKZn; 12.17gkg–1) treatment at 0–7.5cm soil depth. Averaged across soil depths, labile fractions like microbial biomass C (MBC) and permanganate-oxidisable C (PmOC) were generally higher in treatments that received farmyard manure (FYM), sulfitation pressmud (SPM) or green gram residue (GR) along with NPK fertiliser, ranging from 192 to 276mgkg–1 and from 0.60 to 0.75gkg–1 respectively compared with NPKZn and NPK+cereal residue (CR) treatments, in which MBC and PmOC ranged from 118 to 170mgkg–1 and from 0.43 to 0.57gkg–1 respectively. Oxidisable organic C fractions revealed that very labile C and labile C fractions were much larger in the NPK+FYM or NPK+GR+FYM treatments, whereas the less-labile C and non-labile C fractions were larger under control and NPK+CR treatments. On average, Walkley–Black C, PmOC and MBC contributed 29–46%, 4.7–6.6% and 1.16–2.40% towards TOC respectively. Integrated plant nutrient supply options, except NPK+CR, also produced sustainable high yields of RWS.

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