scholarly journals Photoperiodic Flower Induction of Several Kalanchoe Species and Ornamental Characteristics of the Flowering Species

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Currey ◽  
John E. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Length ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Open Flower ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Photoperiodic Flower Induction ◽  
Short Days

Our objectives in this study were to identify the flowering response of Kalanchoe spp. to photoperiodic treatments and characterize flowering and vegetative characteristics of flowering plants. Twenty vegetatively propagated Kalanchoe spp. were grown under one of four photoperiodic treatments: 1) short days (SD; 8-h photoperiod) for 16 weeks; 2) night interruption lighting (NI; 2000 to 0200 hr) for 16 weeks; 3) SD for 8 weeks then transferred to NI for 8 weeks; or 4) NI for 8 weeks then transferred to SD for 8 weeks. Kalanchoe beauvardii, K. behariensis, K. fedtschenkoi, K. longiflora, K. marmorata, K. marnieriana, K. streptantha, K. tomentosa, and K. vigueridoi did not flower under any treatment. Kalanchoe laetivirens and K. rosei had minimal flowering when exposed to NI followed by SD, whereas K. pumila had minimal flowering when exposed to SD followed by NI. Kalanchoe glaucescens, K. laciniata, K. manginii, K. nyikae, K. rotundifolia, K. uniflora, and K. velutina flowered when exposed to SD for 8 or 16 weeks, and node number below the inflorescence and days to first open flower for these species increased when NI preceded SD. Kalanchoe millotii flowered under a 16-week SD treatment only. No plants flowered when grown under only NI. We classified K. glaucescens, K. laciniata, K. manginii, K. millotii, K. nyikae, K. rotundifolia, K. uniflora, and K. velutina as obligate SD plants. Flower diameter, total flower number, total color index, shoot length, branch number, and leaf length and width varied among species. Based on these ornamental characteristics, we identified K. glaucescens, K. laciniata, K. manginii, K. nyikae, K. uniflora, and K. velutina as potential ornamental flowering potted plants.

scholarly journals Analysis of Heat Tolerance in New Guinea Impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri) Utilizing Diallel Analysis

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 499B-499
Author(s):  
Kerry M. Strope ◽  
Mark S. Strefeler
Keyword(s):  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Four heat-tolerant (`Celebration Cherry Red', `Celebration Rose', `Lasting Impressions Shadow', and `Paradise Moorea') and three non-heat-tolerant (`Lasting Impressions Twilight', `Danziger Blues', and `Pure Beauty Prepona') cultivars were identified using a Weighted Base Selection Index. These cultivars were used as parents in a full diallel crossing block with reciprocals and selfs. Progeny from five parents (25 crosses) were evaluated for heat tolerance. Four floral (fl ower number, flower diameter, flower bud number, and floral dry weight) and five vegetative characteristics (visual rating, leaf size rating, vegetative dry weight, branch number, and node number) were evaluated with emphasis placed on continued flowering under long-term heat stress. In addition, progeny from all seven parents (49 crosses) were evaluated for inheritance of adaxial leaf color, abaxial leaf color, vein color, and flower color. Significant differences were found in each data category (P < 0.001) with the exception of node number, which was not significant. Flower number varied from 0 to 2, flower diameter varied from 0 to 41 mm, floral dry weight varied from 14 to 105 mg, bud number varied from 0 to 12, branch number varied from 5 to 15, and vegetative dry weight varied from 220 to 607 mg. General and specific combining abilities of the parents were evaluated as was heritability. It was found that the four heat-tolerant cultivars had higher general combining abilities. Heat tolerance has low heritability and is controlled by many genes.

scholarly journals Shoot Length Control of Tree Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) with Uniconazole and Paclobutrazol

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morihiko Hamada ◽  
Takashi Hosoki ◽  
Toshiyuki Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Paeonia Suffruticosa ◽  
Tree Peony ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Retarding Effect ◽  
Flower Diameter

Potted plants of `Taiyoh' and `Hanakisoi' tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) were treated with a foliar spray of uniconazole or paclobutrazol for shoot length control. Uniconazole sprays at 25 or 50 ppm upon sprouting effectively reduced shoot length in both cultivars. The retarding effect was greater in `Taiyoh' than in `Hanakisoi' at 25 ppm. Uniconazole treatment did not influence flower diameter or days to flowering in either cultivar. Paclobutrazol sprays at 500 and 1000 ppm were less effective in reducing `Hanakisoi' shoot length than uniconazole sprays at 25 and 50 ppm. Chemical names used: E-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-l-pentan-3-ol (uniconazole); (1RS, 3RS)-1-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-l-pentan-3-ol (paclobutrazol).

scholarly journals Begonia muricata Blume and Begonia serratipetala Irmsch durability as indoor pot plant in Eka Karya Bali Botanic Garden

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah Hanum ◽  
Ayyu Rahayu ◽  
I Dewa Putu Darma
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Foliage Plant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sunlight Intensity ◽  
The Ideal

Begonia is very popular as a foliage plant and some begonia species grow up in pots. Begonia serratipetala and Begonia muricata are Indonesian begonia species that are well suited as indoor potted plants because of their leaf color and shape. In addition, the Bali Botanical Garden's landscape nursery would like to use these begonias for decoration in all buildings. However, it still needs to be studied how long the shelf life of the two begonias is in indoor environments in the highlands without air conditioning (AC). The aim of this study was to investigate the indoor shelf life of B. serratipetala and B. muricata. This research method consists of two steps. The first step was the acclimation phase and the second step was the indoor placement phase. Each begonia was repeated three times. Parameters studied included plant growth (plant height, leaves, leaf width, and leaf length) and environmental factors (sunlight intensity, air temperature, and humidity). The data were analyzed descriptively. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between growth parameters and environmental factors. The result showed that both begonias (B. muricata and B. serratipetala) have similar persistence to indoor begonia species within two weeks, the ideal time for plant replacement

scholarly journals Temperature and Photoperiod Influence Flowering and Morphology of Four Petunia spp.

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Base Temperature ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Daily Light Integral ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Light Integral ◽  
Short Days ◽  
Petunia Axillaris

Flowering and morphology of four Petunia Juss. spp. [P. axillaris (Lam.) Britton et al., P. exserta Stehmann, P. integrifolia (Hook.) Schinz & Thell., and P. ×hybrida Vilm.] were evaluated in response to photoperiod and temperature. Photoperiod responses were evaluated under 9-h short days (SD), 9-h photoperiod plus 4-h night-interruption lighting (NI), or a 16-h photoperiod supplemented with high-pressure sodium lamps (16-h HPS). All species flowered earlier under NI than SD and were classified as facultative (quantitative) long-day plants. Increasing the daily light integral within long-day treatments increased flower bud number for P. axillaris only. In a second experiment, crop timing and quality were evaluated in the temperature range of 14 to 26 °C under 16-h HPS. The rate of progress toward flowering for each species increased as temperature increased from 14 to 26 °C, suggesting the optimal temperature for development is at least 26 °C. The calculated base temperature for progress to flowering varied from 0.1 °C for P. exserta to 5.3 °C for P. integrifolia. Flowering of P. axillaris and P. integrifolia was delayed developmentally (i.e., increased node number below the first flower) at 14 °C and 17 °C or less, respectively, compared with higher temperatures. Petunia axillaris and P. integrifolia flower bud numbers decreased as temperature increased, whereas P. ×hybrida flower bud number was similar at all temperatures. The differences in crop timing and quality traits observed for these species suggest that they may be useful sources of variability for petunia breeding programs.

scholarly journals Line×tester analysis in lilium×formolongi: identification of superior parents for growth and flowering traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
R Rai ◽  
J Shrestha ◽  
JH Kim
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Almost All

An experiment was carried out using eight double cross F1s (DCF1s) as lines and two testers to obtain sixteen Line ×Tester hybrids for the evaluation of major growth and flowering traits thereby to understand the breeding potentiality of the parental lines. The performance of growth and flowering traits of all twenty-six genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed all the genotypes were significantly different for all agro-morphological traits under study. The estimated general combining ability (GCA) effects showed that parent 5(P5), were superior for plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, days to flowering and attitude of floral axis followed by parent 2(P2) for leaf length, leaf width, days to flowering and attitude of floral axis and parent7 (P7) for number of flower, flower diameter, bud length and attitude for floral axis. Likewise; tester 1 found to be best combiner with significant GCA effect for almost all growth and flowering traits (except number of leaves). The plant height, leaf width, number of flower and attitude of floral axis showed prevailing additive gene action while stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, days to flowering, flower diameter and bud length indicated predominance of dominance gene action. We can conclude that parent P5, parent P2 and parent P7 can be used as good mother lines and the tester 1, as good donor for the seed production. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 175-187 (2019)

scholarly journals A STUDY ON PLANT HEIGHT CONTROL OF IRIS FLOWERS

AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevim DEMİR ◽  
Fisun Gürsel ÇELİKEL
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Height Control ◽  
Flower Diameter

We investigated the effect of paclobutrazol as preplant bulb soaks on plant heightof Iris x hollandica cv. ‘Frans Hals’ and ‘Blue Magic’cultivars which were grownin pots. Bulbs of iris were soaked into gibberellin inhibitor paclobutrazol solutionat 0, 15, 30 ppm before planting. Effect of paclobutrazol on the flowering time,flower diameter and length, leaf length, plant height, flower life, and chlorophyllcontent of leaves were determined. The shortest plant height was obtained from the‘Blue Magic’ cultivar treated with 30 ppm paclobutrazol which gave plants with11.3 cm, 68% shorter than untreated control. ‘Frans Hals’ cultivar treated with 30ppm paclobutrazol was 20.9 cm and 50% shorter than control. In ‘Blue Magic’ and‘Frans Hals’cultivars the lower dose of 15 ppm paclobutrazol were also effectiveon height control with 11.8 and 21.5 cm plant height, respectively. This gibberellininhibitor also shortened the leaf length of iris cultivars. Paclobutrazol treatmentsresulted in higher chlorophyll content per unit area in the leaves. The highestchlorophyll content (57.00 CCI) was obtained from the ‘Blue Magic’ iris treatedwith 30 ppm paclobutrazol, while the control plants had 32.70 CCI chlorophyll intheir leaves. Chlorophyll content of ‘Frans Hals’ treated with 30 ppm paclobutrazolwere 52.87 CCI, while control plants of this cultivar were 28.80 CCI. Plantsapplied with paclobutrazol resulted with smaller flower diameter compared to thecontrol plants of both cultivars. The smallest flower diameter was obtained from 30ppm paclobutrazol treatment with 38.83 mm in ‘Blue Magic’ iris while the controlof this cultivar was 99.63 mm. The flower diameter of ‘Frans Hals’ cultivar treatedwith 30 ppm paclobutrazol was 109.1 mm, while the control one was 112 mm.

scholarly journals Increasing Production of New Roots by Potted Roses with Root Applied IBA

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
C.J. Starbuck
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Las Vegas ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Open Flower ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Flower Bud Development

Dormant bare root rose (Rosa × hybrida ‘Las Vegas’) plants with roots dipped in a 500 ppm solution of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) produced 50% more new roots than untreated plants. However, plants treated with 100 and 500 ppm IBA had fewer open flower buds 8 wks after potting and shorter average shoot length after 18 wks than did controls. Treatment with the potassium salt of IBA (KIBA) at 100 and 500 ppm also stimulated new root production and retarded flower bud development but did not reduce shoot length. Addition of starch-polyacrylate gel to treatment solutions counteracted the root promoting effect of IBA but not of KIBA. Gel itself also caused a reduction in average shoot length.

scholarly journals LONG DAYS PROMOTE FLOWERING OF ARMERIA MARITIMA

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 575e-575
Author(s):  
J.T. Lehmann ◽  
M.L. Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Potted Plant ◽  
Compact Growth ◽  
Armeria Maritima ◽  
Vegetatively Propagated Plants ◽  
Short Days

Armeria maritima was studied to provide guidelines for flowering potted plant production. Seed and vegetatively propagated plants were exposed to 9-hr, 13-hr, or 17-hr photoperiods. Flowering was enhanced under the 13-hr and 17-hr photoperiods. Peduncle and leaf length were shorter, and plants were more compact under short days (SD, 9-hr photoperiod) than under long days (LD). When grown under SDs then moved at monthly intervals to LDs, the degree to which the compact growth habit (CH) was expressed was dependent upon the length of exposure to SDs. Plants with the CH produced fewer inflorescences than full growth habit plants. Plants held in cold storage (4C) flowered more profusely under LDs, but had a delay in flowering. There was more uniform flowering for plants held in cold storage than those held in a cool greenhouse (7C night temperature).

scholarly journals Management of Primocane-fruiting Blackberry: Impacts on Yield, Fruiting Season, and Cane Architecture

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadine C. Strik ◽  
John R. Clark ◽  
Chad E. Finn ◽  
Gil Buller
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Berry Weight

Primocane management systems were compared for ‘Prime-Jan’® and ‘Prime-Jim’®, primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus, Watson), grown in a field planting in Aurora, OR. Treatments studied were: 1) no manipulation of primocanes (untipped; no floricanes); 2) untipped primocanes growing in the presence of floricanes; 3) untipped primocanes grown with rowcover in late winter to early spring; and 4) primocanes “soft-tipped” at 1 m to encourage branching. Date of primocane first bloom and cane height at bloom were unaffected by cultivar and were only affected by primocane management in 2005. The number of growing degree-days to first bloom ranged from 1272 to 1390 depending on year. Primocane management did not affect ovule or drupelet number per berry or percent drupelet set. ‘Prime-Jim’ had more drupelets and greater weight per berry in 2005 than ‘Prime-Jan’. Fruit harvested earlier in the season had more ovules and drupelets than later harvested fruit in 2004. Primocanes that grew in the presence of floricanes were longer and bloomed later but did not differ in yield from untipped canes grown only for a primocane crop. Use of rowcover in 2005 advanced bloom and harvest, improving yield 73% compared with untipped control canes. Soft-tipping primocanes increased yield 114% to 150% compared with untipped canes (5.6 vs. 2.4 t·ha−1) through increasing branch and node number per cane and percentage of fruiting nodes; soft-tipping did not delay harvest. Yield/cane was negatively correlated with the number of fruiting canes/plot but positively correlated with branches/cane, total branch and cane length, number of nodes and percent fruiting nodes, fruit/cane, and berry weight. The proportion of fruiting nodes was greater on branches than on the main cane illustrating the importance of managing this type of blackberry to increase branch number for high yield.

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