scholarly journals Seed Cryostorage and Micropropagation of Georgia Aster, Symphyotrichum georgianum (Alexander) Nesom: A Threatened Species from the Southeastern United States

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 750-755
Author(s):  
Sullivan Lynch ◽  
Rachel K. Johnston ◽  
Ron O. Determann ◽  
Jennifer M. Cruse-Sanders ◽  
Gerald S. Pullman
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Half Strength

Symphyotrichum georgianum (Asteraceae), commonly known as Georgia aster, is a candidate for listing under the Federal Endangered Species Act in the four southeastern U.S. states where it lives. Rarity of this species is thought to be attributable in part to small population sizes and limited seed production. Protocols for in vitro germination, sustainable shoot micropropagation, shoot establishment in soil, and seed cryopreservation are presented that will assist in the safeguarding and augmentation of dwindling natural populations. Germination in vitro on growth regulator-free half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium after sterilization in H2O2 initiated the development of shoot cultures. Shoot multiplication and elongation occurred on half-strength MS salts containing 0.1 mg·L–l benzylaminopurine and 0.2 mg·L–l gibberellic acid, producing an average of 18 new shoots over a 6- to 8-week subculture cycle. Shoots rooted easily when planted into cutting mix after treatment with rooting powder containing indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or in vitro rooting in medium with or without N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA). Plant survival after 1 month was 90% or higher for all treatments. Cryopreservation tests with seeds from three populations averaged 46.7% germination compared with control seed (no cryostorage) germination of 43%; differences were not statistically significant. Fresh seeds and seeds equilibrated for 1 to 4 weeks at room temperature and 12% relative humidity did not differ significantly in germination post-cryopreservation. Initial observations suggest that Georgia aster rapidly loses seed viability over 1 to 2 years when stored at room temperature. The ability to increase seed longevity through cryopreservation storage may be a critical step in the conservation of this species.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk- a Valuable Medicinal Herb

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Sayeed Hassan ◽  
Farhana Afroz ◽  
Laila Shamroze Bari ◽  
John Liton Munshi ◽  
Miskat Ara Akhter Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

A protocol was established for mass propagation of a valuable medicinal herb, Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk (Asteraceae) through in vitro culture. Apical and axillary buds of young sprouts from selected plants were used as explants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl-1 BAP + 0.1 mgl-1 NAA, in which 94% of the explants produced 18 shoots per culture. Repeated subcultures in the same medium, resulted rapid shoot multiplication with 26 shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half strength MS medium with 1.0 mgl-1 IBA +1.0 mgl-1 NAA. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 80%. Key words: Eclipta alba, Medicinal plant, Shoot proliferation, Micropropagation, Acclimatization   DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.965 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 215-222, 2008 

scholarly journals In Vitro Mass Propagation of Heliotropium indicum L., using Apical and Axillary Bud Explants

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Sayeed Hassan ◽  
Nadira Begum ◽  
Miskat Ara Akhter Jahan ◽  
Rahima Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Axillary Buds ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Heliotropium Indicum ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

A consequency was obtained for mass propagation of a valuable ayurvedic medicinal herb, Heliotropium indicum Linn. (Boraginaceae) through in vitro culture. Apical and axillary buds of young sprouts from selected plants were used as explants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l GA3, in which 92% of the axillary buds explants produced 12 shoots per culture. Repeated subcultures in the same medium, resulted rapid shoot multiplication with 18 shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half strength MS medium with 0.5 mg/l IBA. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 85%. Key words: Heliotropium indicum; Medicinal plant; Shoot proliferation; Micropropagation; Acclimatization. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i1.5185 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(1), 69-74, 2010

scholarly journals In vitro micropropagation of banana

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Al-Amin ◽  
MR Karim ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
S Rahman ◽  
ANM Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Different Levels

The present study was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during the period from September 2004 to June 2005 to investigate the effect of different concentrations of BAP and NAA on virus free plant regeneration, shoot multiplication and different concentrations of IBA and IAA on in vitro root formation of banana cv. BARI Banana-I. The culture meristem first turned brown in colour in 4-5 days which grew into a green globular hard coat mass after 30-35 days. From this ball like structure, adventitious plantlets were developed. Among the different concentrations, 7.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA showed highest shoot proliferation of 0.75, 2.75 and 6.25 shoots per explant at 10, 20 and 30 DAI, respectively. The longest shoot (1.03, 2.45 and 3.38 cm) at 10, 20 and 30 DAI, respectively, was produced by the treatment combination of 7.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. The maximum number of leaves (2.50, 3.25 and 7.00 leaves/explant at 10, 20 and 30 DAI) were produced on the medium supplemented with the same treatment and it also produced the longest leaves, 0.85, 2.70 and 4.23 cm at 10, 20 and 30 DAI, respectively. For root initiation half strength MS medium supplemented with different levels of IBA (0, 0.5, 1 .0 and 1.50 mg/l) and IAA (0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l) was used. Root numbers varied with different concentrations of IBA and IAA. The highest number of roots were produced by 0.5 mg/l IAA + 0.5 mg/l IBA. The highest length (2.93, 4.63 and 5.88 cm) was recorded at 10, 20 and 30 DAI in the same treatment which was statistically significant. Meristem derived plantlets were transferred to poly bags containing 1:1 (ground soil : cowdung) mixture after 7 days hardening in room temperature (28-30°C) and established plantlet was ready for planting. Key Words: Banana; regeneration; micropropagation; plantlet.  DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i4.5840Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(4) : 645-659, December 2009

scholarly journals Micropropagation of White Flowering Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis var. alba L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
S. Yusnita ◽  
R. L. Geneve ◽  
S. T. Kester
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
Being Moved

Abstract A white flowering Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis var. alba L.) has been successfully micropropagated. Two node explants collected from the initial flush of spring growth were cultured on woody plant medium (WPM). Increased shoot multiplication occurred at 10,15 and 20 μM (2.3, 3.4 and 4.5 ppm) benzyladenine (BA). Microshoots were rooted in vitro on half strength WPM with a 15-day treatment of 100 and 300 μM (18.6 and 55.9 ppm) α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 100 and 300 μM (20.3 and 60.9 ppm) indolebutyric acid (IBA) prior to being moved to full strength WPM without growth regulators. Percentage rooting and the mean number of roots per cutting were comparable between NAA and IBA treated microcuttings, however, the subsequent root morphology differed between the two treatments. NAA treated plants developed a coarse, unbranched root system, while IBA treated cuttings developed a more desireable fine, branched root system. Rooted microshoots were successfully acclimated to greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals In vitro Shoot Proliferation and Plant Regeneration of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees. a Rare Medicinal Shrub of Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. M. Sayeed Hassan ◽  
Nadira Begum ◽  
Rebeka Sultana ◽  
Rahima Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

An efficient protocol was developed for shoot proliferation and plant regeneration of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees. (Acanthaceae) - a rare medicinal shrub of Bangladesh, through in vitro culture using shoot tip and nodal explants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA, in which 84.2% of nodal explants responded to produce maximum number (12.4 ± 0.66) of shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half-strength MS with 0.5 mg/l IBA + 0.5 mg/l NAA. For acclimation and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 85%. Key words: Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus, Shoot proliferation, Plant regeneration   D. O. I. 10.3329/ptcb.v21i2.10236   Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 21(2): 135-141, 2011 (December)

scholarly journals Phenotypic aberrations during micropropagation of Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) Adr. Juss

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore Kumar CHIRUVELLA ◽  
Arifullah MOHAMMED ◽  
Rama Gopal GHANTA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Shoot Necrosis

Like most of the medicinal plants Soymida febrifuga (Meliaceae) possess significance for its valuable secondary metabolites. Multiplication of this endemic plant is limited by difficulty in rooting of stem cuttings, high seedling mortality rates and low seed viability period. Hence efficient protocols for in vitro mass propagation has been established from field grown and aseptic seedlings explants. Strikingly, we observed aberrant structures such as vitrified shoots, faciated shoots, albino shoots as well shoot necrosis during its micropropagation. These phenotypic maladies were observed during organogenesis and rooting. Compared to other abnormalities, shoot necrosis nonetheless was frequent and pronounced leading to plant death. Shoots when subjected to rooting also displayed necrosis which was controlled by transferring to MS medium containing various concentrations and combinations of calcium levels, activated charcoal, glucose, fructose and auxins. Microshoots initiated roots on half strength MS medium with IBA and IAA individually or in combination within two weeks. MS half strength solid medium supplemented with CAN (556 mg l–1), CAP (1.0 mg l–1), IAA (2.0 mg l–1) and IBA (2.0 mg l–1) in combination was found to be more efficient in showing high frequency (95%) of root regeneration. Rooted plantlets were successfully hardened and 70-85% of regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized to natural environment. In vitro derived plantlets were morphologically similar to in vivo plants.

scholarly journals In vitro Propagation of Thuja occidentalis Through Apical Shoot Culture

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
MH Kabir ◽  
PK Roy ◽  
Golam Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Apical Shoot ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Morphological Variants

In vitro plant regeneration of Thuja occidentalis was obtained in apical shoot cultures from field grown plants. Hormone free MS medium 100% explants produced shoots. The average number of shoots per explant was 6.57 ± 0.45 and the average shoot length of 4.5 ± 0.27 cm were recorded in this medium. Shoots rooted well when they were transferred into half strength MS with 1.0 mg/l IBA. The average number of root per shoot was 3.92 ± 0.28 and the average root length of 3.64 ± 0.38 cm were observed in this medium. No morphological variants were observed during the passage of in vitro culture.Key words: In vitro, Propagation, Thuja occidentalis, Apical shootDOI = 10.3329/ptcb.v16i1.1099Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 16(1): 5-9, 2006 (June)

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Cyclopia genistoides, an Endemic South African Plant of Economic Importance

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kokotkiewicz ◽  
Maria Luczkiewicz ◽  
Anna Hering ◽  
Renata Ochocka ◽  
Krzysztof Gorynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Shoot Cultures

An efficient micropropagation protocol of Cyclopia genistoides (L.) Vent., an indigenous South African shrub of economic importance, was established. In vitro shoot cultures were obtained from shoot tip fragments of sterile seedlings cultured on solid Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium supplemented with 9.84 μM 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP) and 1.0 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). Maximum shoot multiplication rate [(8.2 ± 1.3) microshoots/explant)] was observed on this medium composition. Prior to rooting, the multiplied shoots were elongated for 60 days (two 30-days passages) on SH medium with one-half sucrose concentration, supplemented with 4.92 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The rooting of explants was only possible in the case of the elongated shoots. The highest root induction rate (54.8%) was achieved on solid SH medium with one-half sucrose and one-half potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate concentration, respectively, supplemented with 28.54 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 260.25 μM citric acid. The plantlets were acclimatized for 30 days in the glasshouse, with the use of peat/gravel/perlite substrate (1:1:1). The highest acclimatization rate (80%) was obtained for explants rooted with the use of IAA-supplemented medium. The phytochemical profile of the regenerated plants was similar to that of the reference intact plant material. HPLC analyses showed that C. genistoides plantlets obtained by the micropropagation procedure kept the ability to produce xanthones (mangiferin and isomangiferin) and the fl avanone hesperidin, characteristic of wild-growing shrubs.

scholarly journals IMPROVED MULTIPLICATION OF MATURE HAZELNUT (CORYLUS AVELLANA L.) IN VITRO

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 693b-693
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Yu ◽  
Barbara M. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Prolonged Culture ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

Multiplication and elongation of shoot cultures established from mature trees of hazelnut cvs. Nonpareil and Tonda Gentile Romana were affected by changes in basal medium, carbon source and concentration, cytokinin and agar concentration. Explants on DKW medium produced significantly more shoots than those on Anderson medium or modified woody plant medium for chestnut. Explants on DKW medium with 3% glucose or fructose gave more and longer shoots than those with the other carbon sources. Cytokinins 6 benzylaminopurine (BA) and zeatin were more effective in producing shoots than kinetin and 2iP. On BA supplemented medium, the best multiplication rate was obtained with 1.5 - 2.0 mg/l. Explants grown on 0.4% agar produced more shoots than those on 0.6%, however, prolonged culture on 0.4% agar caused vitrification of lower parts of the plants. Shoot multiplication rates of these two cultivars were similar, but `Nonpareil' produced longer shoots than `Tonda Gentile Romana'.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of cherry rootstock Gisela 5 (Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens) shoot tips by droplet-vitrification technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djurdjina Ružić ◽  
Tatjana Vujović ◽  
Radosav Cerović
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Droplet Vitrification ◽  
Vitrification Solution ◽  
Gisela 5

ABSTRACT The droplet-vitrification technique was applied to in vitro shoot tips of cherry rootstock Gisela 5 (Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens). Explants were precultured in the dark at 23 °C, in liquid MS medium with a progressively increasing sucrose concentration (0.3 M for 15 h, then 0.7 M for 5 h). Loading involved a 30 min incubation of explants in a solution comprising 1.9 M glycerol and 0.5 M sucrose. Explants were dehydrated at room temperature using a solution PVS A3 [Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium, 22.5% (w/v) sucrose, 37.5% (w/v) glycerol, 15% (w/v) ethylene glycol and 15% (w/v) dimethylsulfoxide] for 30, 40 and 50 min and the PVS3 solution [MS liquid medium, 50% (w/v) sucrose, 50% (w/v) glycerol] for 60, 90 and 120 min. Explants were cooled by direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (LN) in 10 μl droplets of vitrification solution placed on aluminum foil strips. The foil strips were retrieved from LN and immersed in preheated (37 °C) unloading solution (0.8 M sucrose) for 30 s, and an equal volume of unloading solution at room temperature was added for further incubation for 30 min. Shoot tips were transferred onto the regrowth medium, cultivated in the dark for 7 days before being incubated under standard conditions. Three weeks after transferring the shoot tips onto the regrowth medium, the survival rate of control and cryopreserved explants of Gisela 5 dehydrated with PVS A3 was 100%, regardless of the treatment duration. After dehydration with solution PVS3, the survival varied between 70 and 100% for control explants and 78 and 95% for cryopreserved shoot tips. Gisela 5 shoot tips dehydrated for 40 min with PVS A3 vitrification solution demonstrated the best regrowth (38%). When using the PVS3 solution, survival of cryopreserved shoot tips was the highest (95%) after 60 min treatment followed by 40% regrowth. After three successive subcultures on shoot multiplication, medium shoots recovered viability, multiplication ability and morphology equal of that prior to cryopreservation.

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