scholarly journals Pollen Quantity and Viability in 65 Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1337-1341
Author(s):  
Jiefang Wu ◽  
Danwen Fu ◽  
Jiezhen Chen ◽  
Changhe Cai ◽  
Qian Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Pollen Quantity ◽  
Compatible Pollen

The characteristics of litchi pollen have drawn increasing attention in recent years. Previous studies indicated that there are significant differences in the quantity and viability of litchi pollen grains among different varieties and flowering stages. Moreover, the same variety may show a different quantity of pollen grains and viability in different years. There is still a lack of systematic studies on the change of pollen germination rate and pollen amount in different varieties and at different flowering stages. In this study, the changes in the germination rate of pollen at different development stages were studied. It was primarily revealed that the pollen germination rate already approached its peak upon the filament extends fully, but the anther does not dehisce the developmental stage. In 2009 and 2010, the viability and number of pollen grains per anther were investigated in 65 litchi cultivars, and a difference was observed among cultivars. The pollen germination rate ranged between 20.14% (‘Wuchali’) and 54.69% (‘Donlongmili’). The number of pollen grains per anther ranged between 1555 (‘Zhongshanzhuangyuanhong’) and 7455 (‘Houye’). Sixty-five litchi cultivars were classified into six clusters based on the pollen quantity and germination rate. Most litchi cultivars can produce large amounts of viable and compatible pollen grains during the flowering period. Thus, our results indicate that the pollen amount and germination rate might not be the only factors restricting the successful pollination of litchi.

scholarly journals Can Selenium and Molybdenum Restrain Cadmium Toxicity to Pollen Grains in Brassica napus?

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Ismael ◽  
Ali Elyamine ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Mohamed Moussa ◽  
Muhammad Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
The Impact

Cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic, even at very low concentrations, to both animals and plants. Pollen is extremely sensitive to heavy metal pollutants; however, less attention has been paid to the protection of this vital part under heavy metal stress. A pot experiment was designed to investigate the effect of foliar application of Se (1 mg/L) and Mo (0.3 mg/L) either alone or in combination on their absorption, translocation, and their impact on Cd uptake and its further distribution in Brassica napus, as well as the impact of these fertilizers on the pollen grains morphology, viability, and germination rate in B. napus under Cd stress. Foliar application of either Se or Mo could counteract Cd toxicity and increase the plant biomass, while combined application of Se and Mo solutions on B. napus has no significant promotional effect on plant root and stem, but reduces the seeds’ weight by 10–11%. Se and Mo have decreased the accumulated Cd in seeds by 6.8% and 9.7%, respectively. Microscopic studies, SEM, and pollen viability tests demonstrated that pollen grains could be negatively affected by Cd, thus disturbing the plant fertility. Se and Mo foliar application could reduce the toxic symptoms in pollen grains when the one or the other was sprayed alone on plants. In an in vitro pollen germination test, 500 μM Cd stress could strongly inhibit the pollen germination rate to less than 2.5%, however, when Se (10 μM) or Mo (1.0 μM) was added to the germination medium, the rate increased, reaching 66.2% and 39.4%, respectively. At the molecular level, Se and Mo could greatly affect the expression levels of some genes related to Cd uptake by roots (IRT1), Cd transport (HMA2 and HMA4), Cd sequestration in plant vacuoles (HMA3), and the final Cd distribution in plant tissue at the physiological level (PCS1).

scholarly journals Assessment of pollen viability and germination in Swainsona formosa (G.Don) J.Thompson

Biospecies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkarnain Z
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Viability Assessment

The work presented here was aimed at investigating the proper time (after spreading) for viability assessment and the effect of various sucrose concentrations on pollen germination in Swainsona formosa.  The rate of pollen tube formation was determined for freshly shed pollen grains of glasshouse-grown plants at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 60 and 120-minute intervals after being plated on Brewbaker and Kwack (BK) medium.  The results indicated that within 60 minutes pollen germination reached 63.70%, after which remained steady at 120 minutes (63.71%).  Under the effect of various concentrations of sucrose, i.e. 0.5, 10, 15, and 20% (w/v), the germination rate of pollen grains was assessed at 60 minutes following germination.  The results showed that sucrose concentration of 10 – 15% (w/v) produced better germination rate (64.14%) compare to lower concentrations (19.64 and 43.58% at zero and 5% sucrose, respectively).  Sucrose concentration above 15% was also found to inhibit pollen germination (48.92% at sucrose concentration of 20%).

scholarly journals Study on Biological Characteristics of Apricot Blooming in Hongfeng and New Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinting Guan ◽  
Yinghui Yuan ◽  
Xiujuan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Pollen Abortion ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Flowering Rate ◽  
Red Variety

In this paper, the pollination and biology of apricot in Hongfeng and New Century were studied. The results are as follows: (1) The est pollination with the red variety is early, new century's best pollinating varieties is camel yellow. (2) The flowering period of different cultivars was different, and the flowering period of Hongfeng and other varieties was 3 - 7 days later than that of Baxing water apricot and other varieties, which provided germplasm for further breeding of late flowering varieties. (3) Hongfeng, the new century and other varieties of self-flowering rate of 0 - 3.61% range, is self-incompatible varieties. (4) The pollen germination rate of different cultivars was higher than 50%, which indicated that the pollen was mature and the fertility was strong, and the reason of low percentage of self-pollination was pollen abortion, the main reason was self and so on.

scholarly journals Fertility analyses of interspecific hybrids between Lagerstroemia indica and L. speciosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Yi-Qian Ju ◽  
Xing Hu ◽  
Yao Jiao ◽  
Yuan-Jun Ye ◽  
Ming Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Sterile Hybrids

Interspecific crosses play an important role in gene introgression, plant improvement and speciation. However, poor fertility of F<sub>1</sub> generation was commonly found, which hampered backcrossing and ideal progeny generation. To explore useful materials for further breeding programs, sterile hybrids (DD1, FD1, ZD3) from different cross combinations of Lagerstroemia indica and L. speciosa and the fertile hybrid (ZD6) were selected. The results showed that pollen grains of sterile hybrids had no germination ability while ZD6 showed 25.90% pollen germination rate. The morphology of stigmas and their papilla cells showed no apparent difference. Normal pollen tubes could be detected in ovaries of ZD6 and ZD3 24 h after pollination. However, the enlarged ovaries of ZD3 began to abscise at 72 h after pollination, which suggested that the barriers occurred during post-fertilization phases. As a consequence, ZD6 can be used as either male or female parent for further Lagerstroemia breeding programs, while the sterile hybrids may be used as female parent through embryo rescue culture.  

scholarly journals Pollen Germination Potential Influences by Carbohydrates and Proteins in Pollen Grains of Asian Pear

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 762A-762
Author(s):  
Wol-Soo Kim* ◽  
Sang-Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Con A ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Pollen Surface

In order to investigate the cause of differences of mature pollen in Asian pear (Pyrus phyfolia) that are collected from various sources for the artificial pollination, various factors were measured as below: the composition of nonstructural carbohydrate in bud at 30 days after full bloom, the contents of crude protein in skin, cytosol and membrane, and the affinity for lectin (CON-A: Concanavalin, type III A) of glycoprotein in cytosol of pollen were measured. Contents of sucrose and glucose in buds influenced pollen germination rate and pollen tube growth, respectively. Therefore, soluble types of carbohydrates stored in bud were regarded as influencing on pollen germination rate and pollen tube growth. Pollen, which showed low activity, had low affinity on CON-A, lectin of glycoprotein, because it had fragile membrane, proteins in cells were denatured to pollen surface and certain enzymes concerned in pollen germination lost stability and activity. Pollens that showed high activity contained 92 kDa protein while others not. This was assumed as influencing on control of pollen viability.

scholarly journals Germination Characteristics and Dynamic Changes of Antioxidant Enzymes during Storage of Viola dissecta Pollen

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 838-844
Author(s):  
Wenqing Jia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Suitable Medium ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Surface Ornamentation

Knowledge about pollen ultra-morphology, storage characteristics and germination rate are essential for directional plant breeding and plant improvement. The objective of this study was to determine a suitable medium for pollen germination in vitro of Viola dissecta and to evaluate the effect of different storage temperatures on its pollen longevity. The pollen ultra-morphology of V. dissecta was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the suitable medium for pollen germination in vitro was determined by orthogonal test. Dried pollen of V. dissecta was stored at different temperatures (room temperature, 4, -20 and -80°C) and different storage times (24, 40, 72, 120, 184, 264 and 365 d), the germination rate of the stored pollen and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT were investigated. Pollen grains of V. dissecta were medium-sized with three germination ditches. The surface ornamentation was smooth with small grains set on the surface, which was different from Viola spp. pollen. The most suitable medium for V. dissecta was composed of 285 g•L-1 sucrose, 6 g•L-1 agar, 50 mg•L-1 GA3, 250 mg•L-1 boric acid, and 200 mg•L-1 Ca(NO3)2, The best storage temperature of pollen was -80oC, after 365 d of storage, the germination rate was still 57.86%. During storage, the pollen germination rate decreased significantly after the peak of the activities of the three antioxidant enzymes. Correlation analysis showed that SOD was major factor affecting the germination rate of V. dissecta pollen, and it has a significant positive correlation with pollen germination rate, followed by CAT and POD. SOD was a sensitive antioxidant enzyme at room temperature, 4 and -80°C, whereas at -20°C, both SOD and CAT were sensitive antioxidant enzymes. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers©

scholarly journals Improvised Media for In Vitro Pollen Germination of some Species of Apocynaceae

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Reshmi Chatterjee ◽  
Satadip Sarkar ◽  
GM Narasimha Rao
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Cultural Media

Pollen germination forms one of the most important stage post pollination prior to fertilization. This is essential for proper seed setting and seed development. In vitro pollen germination test is the most reliable way of assessing the pollen viability. In the present study pollen grains of seven genera under Apocynaceae family namely, Allamanda, Alstonia, Catharanthus, Nerium, Plumeria, Thevetia and Tabernaemontana were tested in some basic cultural media, such as Brewbaker’s media, 6% Glucose solution, 4% Calcium Nitrate solution and 3% Boron solution. Alstonia pollen grains exhibited highest percentage of germination rate in all the cultural media. Glucose and Brewbaker’s media is found to be highly suitable for efficient pollen germination in all the genera. Boron solution is effective for germination of pollen grains of tree species. In vitro pollen germination can be easily carried out in laboratories. These results can be utilised in plant breeding programmes to improve cultivar and varieties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11074 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 146-153

scholarly journals Pollen morphology in two Urgineoid species of Drimia (Baker) Jessop

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
P. Prathima ◽  
M. N. Shiva Kameshwari ◽  
R. Nijagunaiah
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Exine Ornamentation ◽  
Urginea Indica ◽  
Fertility Analysis

Pollen grains of eight accessions of Urginea indica (Roxb) Kunth. and two accessions of Urgineawightii (Wight) Lakshmin. were examined by Light microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. Detailed pollen morphological characters are given for these accessions. Our investigation revealed several variations in pollen size, exine ornamentation among the accessions of U. indica (Roxb) Kunth. and U. wightii (Wight) Lakshmin. The study confirmed that the exine sculpting provides valuable characters for separating the species of Urginea. Reticulate ornamentation of the exine was observed in the accessions of U. indica complex and perforated exineornamentation in accessions of U. wightii complex. Minor variations with regard to measurements of dimensions in size, shape and ornamentation were also observed in accessions of U. indica and U. wightii . Pollen fertility analysis revealed highest percentage fertility in Sitampoondi accession of U. indica complex and Gulbargha accession of U. wightii complex but in most of the accessions seed setting is not observed in natural conditions. Pollen germination studies revealed highest germination rate in Brew Baker’s and Kwack medium supplemented with 25% sucrose concentration for Urginea pollen.

scholarly journals Effect of pH on in vitro Pollen Germination of Fourteen Cultivated and Wild Species of Cucurbit

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rashed Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Germination Medium ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Wax Gourd

Context: The pH of the in vitro germination medium is the important factor controlling pollen germination and pollen tube development in different plant speciesObjectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of pH levels of germination medium on the germinability 14 species of cucurbit.Materials and Methods: In vitro pollen germination of 14 cucurbit species was examined at five different levels of pH using Brewbaker and Kwack's medium. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5 and 9.0 by using a digital pH meter with the help of 0.1 N HCl and 0.1 N NaOH. In vitro pollen germination was tested using sitting drop culture technique. Five sitting drop cultures of pollen grains of five different pH for each species were raised on five different microslides. Then the slides were placed in a humidity chamber and incubated at 22 ± 2 °C for 1 to 2 hrs. All the cultures were fixed by adding a drop of a 1-2% acetocarmine before start scoring and the germinated and non-germinated pollen grains were scored using a microscope.Results: The pollen germination rate was higher in increased pH level in most of the cucurbit species studied and at 9.0 pH the maximum germination was observed in pumpkin (98%), snake gourd (98%), ridge gourd (96%), pointed gourd (89%), cucumber (98%), bitter gourd (96%), sweet gourd (98%) and sponge gourd (93%). The highest percentage of germination was observed in bottle gourd (98%) cucumber short (96%), watermelon (98%), muskmelon (97%) and ivy gourd (87%) at 8.5 pH level. The only cucurbit species wax gourd showed highest germination (97%) at the lower pH level of 7.5. Analysis of variance for the 14 cucurbits at five different pH levels showed that the differences between the germination rates of pollen grains of 14 cucurbit species at different pH level were highly significant (F=12.49, P<0.001, at 13/52 df). Conclusion: In most of the investigated cucurbit species pH level 8.5 to 9.0 was found optimum for the highest number of in vitro pollen germination, while wax gourd responded maximum pollen germination at pH 7.5.Key words: cucurbit; pollen; germination; pH.DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7120J. bio-sci. 17: 129-133, 2009

scholarly journals Reproductive Traits of Hermaphroditic Muscadine Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz A. Biasi ◽  
Patrick J. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Ethanesulfonic Acid

Native muscadines (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) are dioecious, but muscadine vineyards are usually planted with a mixture of female plants and hermaphroditic pollenizers. Hermaphroditic cultivars are derived from either of two separate sources original hermaphroditic plants, H1 or H2. Nine hermaphroditic and two female cultivars were studied to determine their potential as pollenizers. Inflorescences of each cultivar were collected in the field to evaluate the number of anthers per flower, the number of pollen grains per anther, and pollen viability and germination in the main and secondary flowering periods. The number of flower clusters per shoot ranged from one to four with most producing two or three flower clusters per shoot. The number of anthers per flower varied by cultivar and cluster position, but in general was between six and eight anthers per flower. ‘Noble’ showed the highest pollen grains production per anther and per flower, reaching 5777 and 39,860, respectively, in the first cluster and ‘Carlos’ produced the least amount of pollen. All cultivars that had secondary flowering showed lower pollen production per anther and per flower as compared with the main flowering period. Optimal muscadine pollen germination media contained 50 mg·L−1 boric acid, 145 mg·L−1 calcium nitrate, 188 g·L−1 sucrose, 10 g·L−1 agar, and 10 mm 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) pH 6.0. The pollen grain viability of hermaphroditic and female cultivars was high, but pollen grain germination was low in hermaphroditic cultivars and absent in female cultivars. H1-derived cultivars produced more flower buds per cluster and higher germination rates than H2-derived cultivars, indicating they may be better pollenizers. Chemical names used: 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document