scholarly journals Improvised Media for In Vitro Pollen Germination of some Species of Apocynaceae

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Reshmi Chatterjee ◽  
Satadip Sarkar ◽  
GM Narasimha Rao
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Cultural Media

Pollen germination forms one of the most important stage post pollination prior to fertilization. This is essential for proper seed setting and seed development. In vitro pollen germination test is the most reliable way of assessing the pollen viability. In the present study pollen grains of seven genera under Apocynaceae family namely, Allamanda, Alstonia, Catharanthus, Nerium, Plumeria, Thevetia and Tabernaemontana were tested in some basic cultural media, such as Brewbaker’s media, 6% Glucose solution, 4% Calcium Nitrate solution and 3% Boron solution. Alstonia pollen grains exhibited highest percentage of germination rate in all the cultural media. Glucose and Brewbaker’s media is found to be highly suitable for efficient pollen germination in all the genera. Boron solution is effective for germination of pollen grains of tree species. In vitro pollen germination can be easily carried out in laboratories. These results can be utilised in plant breeding programmes to improve cultivar and varieties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11074 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 146-153

scholarly journals Effect of pH on in vitro Pollen Germination of Fourteen Cultivated and Wild Species of Cucurbit

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rashed Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Germination Medium ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Wax Gourd

Context: The pH of the in vitro germination medium is the important factor controlling pollen germination and pollen tube development in different plant speciesObjectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of pH levels of germination medium on the germinability 14 species of cucurbit.Materials and Methods: In vitro pollen germination of 14 cucurbit species was examined at five different levels of pH using Brewbaker and Kwack's medium. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5 and 9.0 by using a digital pH meter with the help of 0.1 N HCl and 0.1 N NaOH. In vitro pollen germination was tested using sitting drop culture technique. Five sitting drop cultures of pollen grains of five different pH for each species were raised on five different microslides. Then the slides were placed in a humidity chamber and incubated at 22 ± 2 °C for 1 to 2 hrs. All the cultures were fixed by adding a drop of a 1-2% acetocarmine before start scoring and the germinated and non-germinated pollen grains were scored using a microscope.Results: The pollen germination rate was higher in increased pH level in most of the cucurbit species studied and at 9.0 pH the maximum germination was observed in pumpkin (98%), snake gourd (98%), ridge gourd (96%), pointed gourd (89%), cucumber (98%), bitter gourd (96%), sweet gourd (98%) and sponge gourd (93%). The highest percentage of germination was observed in bottle gourd (98%) cucumber short (96%), watermelon (98%), muskmelon (97%) and ivy gourd (87%) at 8.5 pH level. The only cucurbit species wax gourd showed highest germination (97%) at the lower pH level of 7.5. Analysis of variance for the 14 cucurbits at five different pH levels showed that the differences between the germination rates of pollen grains of 14 cucurbit species at different pH level were highly significant (F=12.49, P<0.001, at 13/52 df). Conclusion: In most of the investigated cucurbit species pH level 8.5 to 9.0 was found optimum for the highest number of in vitro pollen germination, while wax gourd responded maximum pollen germination at pH 7.5.Key words: cucurbit; pollen; germination; pH.DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7120J. bio-sci. 17: 129-133, 2009

scholarly journals Effect of high temperature on the reproductive development of chickpea genotypes under controlled environments

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viola Devasirvatham ◽  
Pooran M. Gaur ◽  
Nalini Mallikarjuna ◽  
Raju N. Tokachichu ◽  
Richard M. Trethowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Controlled Environments

High temperature during the reproductive stage in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major cause of yield loss. The objective of this research was to determine whether that variation can be explained by differences in anther and pollen development under heat stress: the effect of high temperature during the pre- and post-anthesis periods on pollen viability, pollen germination in a medium, pollen germination on the stigma, pollen tube growth and pod set in a heat-tolerant (ICCV 92944) and a heat-sensitive (ICC 5912) genotype was studied. The plants were evaluated under heat stress and non-heat stress conditions in controlled environments. High temperature stress (29/16°C to 40/25°C) was gradually applied at flowering to study pollen viability and stigma receptivity including flower production, pod set and seed number. This was compared with a non-stress treatment (27/16°C). The high temperatures reduced pod set by reducing pollen viability and pollen production per flower. The ICCV 92944 pollen was viable at 35/20°C (41% fertile) and at 40/25°C (13% fertile), whereas ICC 5912 pollen was completely sterile at 35/20°C with no in vitro germination and no germination on the stigma. However, the stigma of ICC 5912 remained receptive at 35/20°C and non-stressed pollen (27/16°C) germinated on it during reciprocal crossing. These data indicate that pollen grains were more sensitive to high temperature than the stigma in chickpea. High temperature also reduced pollen production per flower, % pollen germination, pod set and seed number.

Viability and in Vitro Germination of Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) Pollen

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Burke ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Nina S. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Agar Culture

A high proportion of viable pollen grains must germinate to study the physiology of pollen growth to reduce the confounding effects of environmental influences on pollen germination. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the nuclear state and develop a suitable medium and culture method for in vitro germination of johnsongrass pollen. Johnsongrass pollen was trinucleate, and in vitro tests for pollen viability using Alexander's stain and a fluorochromatic reaction method (FCR) indicated johnsongrass pollen was viable (92.6 to 98.4%). A factorial treatment arrangement of four concentrations of sucrose, two concentrations of boric acid, and two concentrations of calcium nitrate were used to determine the optimum pollen-germination medium composition in suspension culture, agar culture, and cellophane membrane culture. Germination was highest in a suspension culture with a medium containing 0.3 M sucrose, 2.4 mM boric acid, and 3 mM calcium nitrate. Pollen germination using this medium was 78.9% when anthers were harvested just before anthesis.

scholarly journals Colchicine did not affect the viability of induced 2n pollen in Populus tomentosa

Silva Fennica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Pingdong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Populus Tomentosa ◽  
2N Pollen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diploid Pollen ◽  
Germination Experiments ◽  
Diploid Gametes

Colchicine is widely used as a mutagen to induce production of diploid gametes in plants. However, whether colchicine affects induced pollen viability remains unclear. To clarify whether colchicine affected the viability of induced pollen, we induced production of diploid pollen by colchicine, followed by pollen germination and crossing induced pollen with normal gametes to produce triploid in Carrière. The results showed that the predominant meiotic stages and the number of colchicine injections had significant effects on the occurrence rates of induced 2n pollen. When the colchicine injection was given at diakinesis, a significant decrease in the pollen production per bud was observed ( < 0.001). The morphology of the colchicine-induced 2n pollen was similar to that of the natural 2n pollen in its ectexine structure. The pollen germination experiments revealed that there was also no significant difference in germination rates between the induced diploid pollen and natural 2n pollen grains, and 68 triploids were created by crossing colchicine-induced pollen. Our findings revealed that colchicine injection could induce to produce 2n pollen and will not lead to dysfunction of induced diploid pollen.in vitroPopulus tomentosapP. tomentosa

scholarly journals Storage of Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida L.) Pollen

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Craddock ◽  
S.M. Reed ◽  
S.E. Schlarbaum ◽  
R.J. Sauve
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Cornus Florida ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Series Of Experiments

A series of experiments was conducted with flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) to evaluate in vitro pollen germination both prior to and following storage at various temperatures. For all experiments, pollen was germinated on an agar-solidified medium containing 20% sucrose. Collection method had a significant effect on germination of `Cherokee Chief', `Cherokee Princess', and `Cloud 9' pollen. Pollen obtained from anthers that had been collected prior to dehiscence and allowed to air-dry for 24 hours had a higher germination rate than did pollen that had undergone a desiccation treatment. None of the treated pollen tested, however, had a germination rate >25% of that of freshly collected pollen. The deleterious effect of dehydration could not be reversed by rehydration. Pollen germination was tested after 1, 4, 7, and 108 days at 5, –20, and –196 °C. Pollen stored at –196 and at –20 °C had a better germination rate than that stored at 5 °C. Germination was not significantly affected by length of storage, nor was there any significant temperature × length of storage interaction.

scholarly journals Putrescine Increases Effective Pollination Period in Roses

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Gudin ◽  
Laurence Aréne
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Rosa Hybrida ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Stigmatic Exudate ◽  
Germinated Pollen ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Flowers of two cultivars of Rosa hybrida were treated or not with putrescine before being pollinated from 2 to 8 days after anther emasculation. On both cultivars the 10-3 M putrescine treatment extended the effective pollination period, as shown by the best hip formation rates and mean number of seeds per hip. On one cultivar, the 10-5 M putrescine treatment increased fertilization efficiency (more hips obtained). The effect of putrescine was proportionally more important on the cultivar characterized by the highest stigmatic exudate pH. Putrescine also influenced in vitro pollen germination by increasing the length of emitted pollen tubes (10-3 and 10-5 M-putrescine) and the quantity of germinated pollen grains (10-5 M putrescine).

scholarly journals In vitro germination and viability of pea pollen grains after application of organic nano-fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Georgieva ◽  
Ivelina Nikolova ◽  
Valentin Kosev ◽  
Yordanka Naydenova
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Pollen Tube Elongation

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two organic nanofertilizers, Lithovit and Nagro, on in vitro germination, pollen tube elongation and pollen grain viability of Pisum sativum L cv. Pleven 4. The effect of their application was high and exceeded data for the untreated control (44.2 and 47.23 % regarding pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, respectively), as well as the effect of the control organic algal fertilizer Biofa (17.5 and 27.9 %, respectively). Pollen grains were inoculated in four culture media. A medium containing 15% sucrose and 1% agar had the most stimulating impact on pea pollen grains. Pollen viability, evaluated by staining with 1% carmine, was within limits of 74.72-87.97%. The highest viability of pollen grains was demonstrated after the application of Nagro organic nano-fertlizer.

scholarly journals Low Temperature Storage and in vitro Pollen Germination of Selected Spring Wheat Accessions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bahram Baninasab ◽  
Mirko Tabori ◽  
Junjie Yu ◽  
Yuxue Zhang ◽  
Xuelian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
Storage Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Storage

The study was conducted to evaluate in vitro pollen germination of 50 spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions at three storage temperatures (23 °C, 5 °C, and -20 °C). Germination of the mature pollen was measured right after harvest (0 time), and 24, 48, and 72 h after storage (HAS). Differences in fresh pollen germination between accessions were significant and ranged from 21.15% to 1.09%. Pollen germination was the lowest at 24 h at room temperature. The pollens of 24 wheat accessions (AAC Scotia, AW636, AW725, AW780, AW804, AW822, AW823, Brookfield, BRS Pardela, ECSW05, ECSW38, ECSW48, ECSW49, ECSW69, Hoffman, Kleos, Major, Nass, 12NQW-237, 12NQW-413, 12NQW-414, 12NQW-436, 12NQW-754, and 12BW0374) were viable after 24 h when they were stored at 5 °C. Sub-zero temperature did not prolong pollen viability.

scholarly journals In vitro pollen germination and pollen viability in passion fruit (Passiflora spp.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1116-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taliane Leila Soares ◽  
Onildo Nunes de Jesus ◽  
Janay Almeida dos Santos-Serejo ◽  
Eder Jorge de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Three Stages

The use of Passiflora species for ornamental purposes has been recently developed, but little is known about pollen viability and the potential for crossing different species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pollen viability of six Passiflora species collected from different physiological stages of development through in vitro germination and histochemical analysis using dyes. The pollen was collected in three stages (pre-anthesis, anthesis and post-anthesis). Three compositions of culture medium were used to evaluate the in vitro germination, and two dyes (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, or TTC, and Lugol's solution) were used for the histochemical analysis. The culture medium containing 0.03% Ca(NO3) 4H2O, 0.02% of Mg(SO4 ).7H2O, 0.01% of KNO3, 0,01% of H3BO3, 15% sucrose, and 0.8% agar, pH 7.0, showed a higher percentage of pollen grains germinated. Anthesis is the best time to collect pollen because it promotes high viability and germination. The Lugol's solution and TTC dye overestimated the viability of pollen, as all accessions showed high viability indices when compared with the results obtained in vitro.

Pollen viability and germination in Elaeis oleifera, Elaeis guineensis and their interspecific hybrid

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deysi Jhoana Camayo Mosquera ◽  
Daniel Gerardo Cayón Salinas ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Ligarreto Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Sucrose Medium

ABSTRACT Elaeis oleifera chromosomes are similar to those of E. guineensis, with close gene pools for the production of interspecific O x G hybrids. The pollen viability and germination of E. oleifera ‘Coarí’ and E. guineensis ‘La Mé’ were compared to their interspecific hybrid O x G (‘Coarí’ x ‘La Mé’). The pollen viability was determined by the acetocarmine staining method (0.5 %) and the pollen germination by in vitro incubation on agar-sucrose medium (1.2-11.0 g in 100 mL of distilled water). The pollen viability and germination of the ‘Coarí’ x ‘La Mé’ hybrid were significantly lower than those of their parents. The percentage of pollen viability by acetocarmine staining was higher than that of in vitro germination, indicating that not all pollen grains classified as viable germinated on the agar-sucrose medium. The pollen germination test is a more reliable indicator than the staining viability test, because the latter only reveals that the pollen contains the enzymes necessary to initiate germination, while the germination test determines the emission and development of the pollen tube.

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