scholarly journals Effect of pH on in vitro Pollen Germination of Fourteen Cultivated and Wild Species of Cucurbit

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rashed Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Germination Medium ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Wax Gourd

Context: The pH of the in vitro germination medium is the important factor controlling pollen germination and pollen tube development in different plant speciesObjectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of pH levels of germination medium on the germinability 14 species of cucurbit.Materials and Methods: In vitro pollen germination of 14 cucurbit species was examined at five different levels of pH using Brewbaker and Kwack's medium. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5 and 9.0 by using a digital pH meter with the help of 0.1 N HCl and 0.1 N NaOH. In vitro pollen germination was tested using sitting drop culture technique. Five sitting drop cultures of pollen grains of five different pH for each species were raised on five different microslides. Then the slides were placed in a humidity chamber and incubated at 22 ± 2 °C for 1 to 2 hrs. All the cultures were fixed by adding a drop of a 1-2% acetocarmine before start scoring and the germinated and non-germinated pollen grains were scored using a microscope.Results: The pollen germination rate was higher in increased pH level in most of the cucurbit species studied and at 9.0 pH the maximum germination was observed in pumpkin (98%), snake gourd (98%), ridge gourd (96%), pointed gourd (89%), cucumber (98%), bitter gourd (96%), sweet gourd (98%) and sponge gourd (93%). The highest percentage of germination was observed in bottle gourd (98%) cucumber short (96%), watermelon (98%), muskmelon (97%) and ivy gourd (87%) at 8.5 pH level. The only cucurbit species wax gourd showed highest germination (97%) at the lower pH level of 7.5. Analysis of variance for the 14 cucurbits at five different pH levels showed that the differences between the germination rates of pollen grains of 14 cucurbit species at different pH level were highly significant (F=12.49, P<0.001, at 13/52 df). Conclusion: In most of the investigated cucurbit species pH level 8.5 to 9.0 was found optimum for the highest number of in vitro pollen germination, while wax gourd responded maximum pollen germination at pH 7.5.Key words: cucurbit; pollen; germination; pH.DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7120J. bio-sci. 17: 129-133, 2009

scholarly journals Improvised Media for In Vitro Pollen Germination of some Species of Apocynaceae

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Reshmi Chatterjee ◽  
Satadip Sarkar ◽  
GM Narasimha Rao
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Cultural Media

Pollen germination forms one of the most important stage post pollination prior to fertilization. This is essential for proper seed setting and seed development. In vitro pollen germination test is the most reliable way of assessing the pollen viability. In the present study pollen grains of seven genera under Apocynaceae family namely, Allamanda, Alstonia, Catharanthus, Nerium, Plumeria, Thevetia and Tabernaemontana were tested in some basic cultural media, such as Brewbaker’s media, 6% Glucose solution, 4% Calcium Nitrate solution and 3% Boron solution. Alstonia pollen grains exhibited highest percentage of germination rate in all the cultural media. Glucose and Brewbaker’s media is found to be highly suitable for efficient pollen germination in all the genera. Boron solution is effective for germination of pollen grains of tree species. In vitro pollen germination can be easily carried out in laboratories. These results can be utilised in plant breeding programmes to improve cultivar and varieties. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11074 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 146-153

scholarly journals Storage of Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida L.) Pollen

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Craddock ◽  
S.M. Reed ◽  
S.E. Schlarbaum ◽  
R.J. Sauve
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Cornus Florida ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Series Of Experiments

A series of experiments was conducted with flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) to evaluate in vitro pollen germination both prior to and following storage at various temperatures. For all experiments, pollen was germinated on an agar-solidified medium containing 20% sucrose. Collection method had a significant effect on germination of `Cherokee Chief', `Cherokee Princess', and `Cloud 9' pollen. Pollen obtained from anthers that had been collected prior to dehiscence and allowed to air-dry for 24 hours had a higher germination rate than did pollen that had undergone a desiccation treatment. None of the treated pollen tested, however, had a germination rate >25% of that of freshly collected pollen. The deleterious effect of dehydration could not be reversed by rehydration. Pollen germination was tested after 1, 4, 7, and 108 days at 5, –20, and –196 °C. Pollen stored at –196 and at –20 °C had a better germination rate than that stored at 5 °C. Germination was not significantly affected by length of storage, nor was there any significant temperature × length of storage interaction.

scholarly journals Putrescine Increases Effective Pollination Period in Roses

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Gudin ◽  
Laurence Aréne
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Rosa Hybrida ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Stigmatic Exudate ◽  
Germinated Pollen ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Flowers of two cultivars of Rosa hybrida were treated or not with putrescine before being pollinated from 2 to 8 days after anther emasculation. On both cultivars the 10-3 M putrescine treatment extended the effective pollination period, as shown by the best hip formation rates and mean number of seeds per hip. On one cultivar, the 10-5 M putrescine treatment increased fertilization efficiency (more hips obtained). The effect of putrescine was proportionally more important on the cultivar characterized by the highest stigmatic exudate pH. Putrescine also influenced in vitro pollen germination by increasing the length of emitted pollen tubes (10-3 and 10-5 M-putrescine) and the quantity of germinated pollen grains (10-5 M putrescine).

scholarly journals Germination Characteristics and Dynamic Changes of Antioxidant Enzymes during Storage of Viola dissecta Pollen

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 838-844
Author(s):  
Wenqing Jia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Suitable Medium ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Surface Ornamentation

Knowledge about pollen ultra-morphology, storage characteristics and germination rate are essential for directional plant breeding and plant improvement. The objective of this study was to determine a suitable medium for pollen germination in vitro of Viola dissecta and to evaluate the effect of different storage temperatures on its pollen longevity. The pollen ultra-morphology of V. dissecta was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the suitable medium for pollen germination in vitro was determined by orthogonal test. Dried pollen of V. dissecta was stored at different temperatures (room temperature, 4, -20 and -80°C) and different storage times (24, 40, 72, 120, 184, 264 and 365 d), the germination rate of the stored pollen and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT were investigated. Pollen grains of V. dissecta were medium-sized with three germination ditches. The surface ornamentation was smooth with small grains set on the surface, which was different from Viola spp. pollen. The most suitable medium for V. dissecta was composed of 285 g•L-1 sucrose, 6 g•L-1 agar, 50 mg•L-1 GA3, 250 mg•L-1 boric acid, and 200 mg•L-1 Ca(NO3)2, The best storage temperature of pollen was -80oC, after 365 d of storage, the germination rate was still 57.86%. During storage, the pollen germination rate decreased significantly after the peak of the activities of the three antioxidant enzymes. Correlation analysis showed that SOD was major factor affecting the germination rate of V. dissecta pollen, and it has a significant positive correlation with pollen germination rate, followed by CAT and POD. SOD was a sensitive antioxidant enzyme at room temperature, 4 and -80°C, whereas at -20°C, both SOD and CAT were sensitive antioxidant enzymes. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers©

scholarly journals Pollen of Arbutus unedo: Effects of plant growth regulators

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Zeliha Gökbayrak ◽  
Hakan Engin ◽  
Arda Akçal ◽  
Hatice Kiraz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Antioxidant Characteristics

Arbutus unedo is a species mainly used for landscaping purposes and lately for honey production. Its antioxidant characteristics have also been a subject of of research interest. The germination of pollen grains freshly collected from flowers was tested in vitro, and 30% sucrose gave the highest pollen germination. Subsequently, three growth regulators belonging to the categories of gibberellins and brassinosteroids [24-epibrassinolide (Ebl) and 22S,23S-homobrassinolide (Hbl)] were added to the growth medium singly or in double combinations (gibberellin + brassinosteroid), and the petri dishes were kept for 24 hours at 26?1?C. The results showed that the highest germination rates were obtained from treatments with 0.01 ppm Hbl (45.47%) and 0.001 ppm Hbl (26.74%). They were followed by treatments with 0.001 ppm Ebl, 25 ppm GA3 and 0.1 ppm Ebl. As the concentration of GA3 increased, the germination rate declined considerably. Statistical analysis of the combined treatments showed that combinations of growth regulators lowered the germination rates compared to their individual application. Moreover, action of the lowest GA3 concentration (25 ppm) best matched the effects of brassinosteroids, and increasing the GA3 concentration in combined treatments did not improve germination. The highest germination was obtained with 0.1 ppm Hbl, followed by all Ebl treatments. Brassinosteroids might be an inducer of pollen germination in plants depending on their type and concentrations. When individually included in the growth medium, the extent of this induction was greater with the homobrassinolide than with the epibrassinolide. Their interactions with gibberellins are shown to be mostly dependent on the concentration of gibberellic acid used. The tested epibrassinolide was more consistent than the homobrassinolide in maintaining higher germination levels. The findings of this study indicate that gathering more information from studies involving other plant species is needed to clarify the role of brassinosteroids in in vitro and in vivo germination.

scholarly journals The effect of pollenizer on the fruit set of plum cultivar Cacanska Najbolja

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Vera Rakonjac ◽  
Milica Fotiric-Aksic
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Very High

In this paper, during a 4-year period (2003-2006) effects of six pollenizers (President, Italian Prune, Stanley, Cacanska Rodna, Agen 707, and California Blue) on the degree of fruit set in the plum cultivar Cacanska Najbolja were examined. Besides the controlled pollination of this cultivar, open pollination was investigated. Functional pollen ability in pollenizer-cultivars was established by in vitro pollen germination. Degree of fruit set was determined comparing the number of fruit set (10 days after pollination, 21 days after pollination and number of harvested fruits) against the number of pollinated flowers. The results indicated that all pollenizer cultivars, studied in this paper, possessed satisfactory in vitro pollen germination (30.1-67.4%). The number of fruit set determined 10 days after pollination was very high and did not differ among pollenizers. Highly significant differences were found between the pollenizers in the number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and significant ones in relation to the number of harvested fruits. Compared to open pollination, higher number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and higher number of harvested fruits were obtained when cultivars Stanley (17.0%; 7.6%) and Italian Prune (14.6%; 6.9%) were used as pollenizers, therefore those cultivars are recommendable as good pollenizers for the cultivar Cacanska Najbolja.

scholarly journals Impact of Manganese on Pollen Germination and Tube Growth in Lily

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Sawidis ◽  
Gülriz Baycu ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Aneta Sulborska
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Lilium Longiflorum ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Main Effect

Abstract In vitro culture of Lilium longiflorum pollen grains was carried out to determine the role of manganese in pollen germination and pollen tube growth. Pollen germination was adversely affected by the presence of manganese (>10 −8 M), whereas low concentrations (10 −12 –10 −10 M) stimulated the process. Manganese caused morphological anomalies during tube growth, characterized by irregular pollen tube thickening and swollen tips. The main effect was the anomalous cell wall formation at the tip, in which the presence of several organelles reduced the number of secretory vesicles. A loose network of fibrillar material and spherical aggregates, mostly in the tip region, was detected, and this material was progressively loosened into the surrounding medium. As a response to potential toxicity, the excess manganese was isolated in vacuoles, which formed an internal barrier against penetration of manganese to the tip area. Elevated manganese concentrations might affect plant reproduction, resulting in anomalies in gamete development. Consequently, the loss in genetic diversity and decreased fruit set ultimately lower yield.

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