scholarly journals Potassium and Phosphorus Deficiency Symptoms of Ixora

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Broschat
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Foliage Plants ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Olive Green

Ixoras (Ixora L.) growing in calcareous sandy soils are highly susceptible to a reddish leaf spot disorder. Symptoms appear on the oldest leaves of a shoot and consist of irregular diffuse brownish-red blotches on slightly chlorotic leaves. Symptoms of K deficiency, P deficiency, and both K and P deficiency were induced in container-grown Ixora `Nora Grant' by withholding the appropriate element from the fertilization regime. Potassium-deficient ixoras showed sharply delimited necrotic spotting on the oldest leaves, were stunted in overall size, and retained fewer leaves per shoot than control plants. Phosphorus-deficient plants showed no spotting, but had uniformly brownish-red older leaves and olive-green younger foliage. Plants deficient in both elements displayed symptoms similar to those observed on landscape plants. Symptomatic experimental and landscape ixoras all had low foliar concentrations of both K and P.

Foliar nutrient status in relation to sugar maple dieback and decline in the Quebec Appalachians

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bernier ◽  
M. Brazeau
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Foliage Density ◽  
Geological Formations

Forty-five mature sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.) stands growing on soils associated with a wide range of geological formations in the Quebec Appalachians were sampled in both early to mid-July and mid- to late August 1985. The average level of forest decline, as indicated by foliage density, was 15%, ranging from 1 to 69%. The foliar concentrations of N, P, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, and B in July were generally adequate while K concentrations were <0.55% in nine sites (20% of the sites). Mean K concentrations in July and August were 0.68% and 0.62%, respectively, with only one value in excess of 0.90% in July, which is below most K concentrations reported in the literature for sugar maple. Results are presented for two distinct regions within the study area. Most stands with foliar K levels less than 0.55% in July exhibited high levels of decline (15–69%) while the majority of stands with K in excess of this concentration showed low levels of decline. These data suggest that K deficiency (sometimes accompanied by an acute P deficiency) influences the integrity of forest ecosystems and may play a significant role in the decline of the deciduous forest in the Quebec Appalachians.

scholarly journals Linking phosphorus and potassium deficiency to microbial methane cycling in rice paddies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Sheng ◽  
Anlei Chen ◽  
Miaomiao Zhang ◽  
Andrew S. Whiteley ◽  
Deepak Kumaresan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Limitation ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) availability in soil are crucial for the growth and development of resident microorganisms, which in turn modulate local and global carbon emissions from the terrestrial biosphere. Carbon dioxide and methane are key climate active soil emissions, the latter being 25 times more active than CO2 on a per unit basis and its biological production regulated by the balance of activities of key production (methanogenic) and consumption (methanotrophic) taxa. Here, we assessed whether deficiencies in P and K modulated the activities of methanogens, methanotrophs, or both in long term (20 yr) experimental systems undergoing limitation in either one or both nutrients. Biogeochemical measures of methane production, in tandem with mcrA (methanogen) and pmoA (methanotroph) activity under nutrient limitation demonstrated that P deficiency significantly reduced methane flux rates, whereas K deficiency did not. Under P deficiency, methanotroph transcript copy number significantly increased in tandem with a decrease in methanogen transcript activity, suggesting that P deficiency reduced CH4 emissions via reduced methane production in tandem with an increased methane consumption potential. Assessments of community structures based upon transcript or gene abundance indicated transcriptional activities were more sensitive to P and K deficiency than DNA copy number, with phosphorus deficiency inducing greater shifts in the active methanotroph community than for potassium deficiency. In contrast, both phosphorus and potassium deficiencies exhibited similar community structures of active methanogens at the mRNA level, suggesting that methane emissions from paddy soils under nutrient limitation are regulated at the transcriptional level and not the methanogen/methanotroph population size.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MINERAL DEFICIENCY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ON SHOOT AND ROOT MINERAL PARTITIONING IN THREE SUNFLOWER VARIETIES / EFECTO DE LA FALTA DE ELEMENTOS MINERALAS SOBRE LOS PARAMENTROS MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS Y REPARTICION DE ELEMENTOS MINERALES DE LA PARTE SOBRE EL SUELO Y DE LA RAIZ EN TRES VARIEDADES / INFLUENCE DE LA CARENCE D’ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX SUR LES PARAMÈTRES MORPHOLOGIQUES ET PHYSIOLOGIQUES ET SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX ENTRE LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE ET LA RACINE POUR TROIS SORTES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Mohammed El Midaoui ◽  
Ahmed Talouizte ◽  
Benbella Mohamed ◽  
Serieys Hervé ◽  
Ait Houssa Abdelhadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Matter Effect

SUMMARYAn experiment has been carried out in order to study the behaviour under mineral deficiency of three sunflower genotypes, a population variety (Oro 9) and two hybrids (Mirasol and Albena). Sunflower seedlings were submitted to five treatments: N deficiency (N0), P deficiency (P0), K deficiency (K0), N and K deficiency (N0K0) and a control. Plants were harvested when they reached 3-4 true pairs of leaves. Growth parameters measured (height, total leaf area, root length, root and shoot dry mater) were all significantly reduced by mineral deficiency. Leaf area was most reduced by N0 (-61%) and P0 (-56%). Total dry matter was most affected by N0 (-63%) and by N0K0 (-66%). Genotype comparisons showed that Oro 9 had the highest shoot dry matter while Albena had the lowest root dry matter. Effect of mineral deficiency on content and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca and Na was significant and varied according to treatments and among plant parts. Shoot dry weight was significantly correlated with root N content (r2=0.81) and root K content (r2=-0.61) for N0 and K0.

scholarly journals Roles of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms from Managing Soil Phosphorus Deficiency to Mediating Biogeochemical P Cycle

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Jiang Tian ◽  
Fei Ge ◽  
Dayi Zhang ◽  
Songqiang Deng ◽  
Xingwang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
P Fertilizers ◽  
P Cycle

Phosphorus (P) is a vital element in biological molecules, and one of the main limiting elements for biomass production as plant-available P represents only a small fraction of total soil P. Increasing global food demand and modern agricultural consumption of P fertilizers could lead to excessive inputs of inorganic P in intensively managed croplands, consequently rising P losses and ongoing eutrophication of surface waters. Despite phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) are widely accepted as eco-friendly P fertilizers for increasing agricultural productivity, a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the role of PSMs in P geochemical processes for managing P deficiency has received inadequate attention. In this review, we summarize the basic P forms and their geochemical and biological cycles in soil systems, how PSMs mediate soil P biogeochemical cycles, and the metabolic and enzymatic mechanisms behind these processes. We also highlight the important roles of PSMs in the biogeochemical P cycle and provide perspectives on several environmental issues to prioritize in future PSM applications.

Phosphate Uptake by Spirodela and Lemna during Early Phosphorus Deficiency

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
I.R McPharlin ◽  
R.L Bieleski
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
First Order ◽  
Phosphate Ion ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Spirodela Oligorrhiza

Growth, internal P concentration and Pi uptake was investigated in sterile cultures of Spirodela oligorrhiza (Kurz) Hegelm. and Lemna major L. plants during early P-deficiency. Within 12 h of transfer to a P-deficient medium, Pi uptake rates by P-deficient (- P) plants were enhanced 30-120% compared with P adequate (+ P) controls at 1-1000 �M external [Pi]. The enhancement in Pi uptake rates with P-deficiency normally preceded, and was more pronounced than, other effects of P-deficiency such as reduced growth, reduced internal [P] and appearance of visual symptoms. Enhanced Pi uptake rates in - P compared with +P plants resupplied with Pi was more closely correlated with a fall in the internal [Pi] (r = -0.93 to -0.98) than with a fall in the concentration of three other P fractions (i.e. ester P, lipid P, and residual P). The role of tissue [Pi] in Spirodela and Lemna plants as a possible determinant of Pi uptake rates is discussed. Kinetic analysis showed that enhanced Pi uptake in -P compared with + P plants resupplied with Pi was the result of a 2-4-fold increase in V*max of two first- order systems and not by an increased affinity (i.e. reduced K*m) of the carrier for the phosphate ion.

Modelling nutrient uptake: a possible indicator of phosphorus deficiency

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Mendham ◽  
P. J. Smethurst ◽  
P. W. Moody ◽  
R. L. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Highly Correlated

An understanding of the processes controlling soil nutrient supply and plant uptake has led to process-based models that can predict nutrient uptake and the concentration gradient that develops at the root surface. By using this information, it may be possible to develop an indicator of soil phosphorus status based on the predicted uptake and/or concentration of phosphorus (P) at the root surface. To identify the potential for such a test, the relationships between model output and observed plant growth were examined using data from a published experiment. The experiment was initially designed to investigate the relationship between common indices of soil-available P and the growth of maize (Zea mays) in 26 surface soils from Queensland. There was a high correlation between observed and predicted P uptake, and between relative dry matter yield and predicted P uptake. The predicted concentration of P at the root surface was also highly correlated with P uptake and dry weight increase. It is hypothesised that the short growth period (25 days) was responsible for the high correlation between P uptake and measured soil solution P. The hypothesis that a predicted concentration of P at the root surface or predicted P uptake may be valuable indicators of P deficiency in the longer term still remains to be tested.

scholarly journals Growth Response of Herbaceous Ornamentals to Phosphorus Fertilization

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1362-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh B. Henry ◽  
Ingram McCall ◽  
Brian Jackson ◽  
Brian E. Whipker
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Impatiens Hawkeri ◽  
New Guinea Impatiens

A series of experiments investigated the effects of increasing phosphate–phosphorus (P) concentrations on the growth and development of four horticultural species. In experiment 1, petunia [Petunia atkinsiana (Sweet) D. Don ex W.H. Baxter] plants were grown using eight P concentrations, and we found that the upper bound for plant growth was at 8.72–9.08 mg·L−1 P, whereas concentrations ≤2.5 mg·L−1 P caused P deficiency symptoms. Experiment 2 investigated P growth response in two cultivars each of New Guinea impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri W. Bull) and vinca [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don]. Growth for these plants was maximized with 6.43–12.42 mg·L−1 P. In experiment 3, ornamental peppers (Capsicum annuum L. ‘Tango Red’) were given an initial concentration of P for 6 weeks and then switched to 0 mg·L−1 P to observe whether plants could be supplied with sufficient levels of P, and finished without P to keep them compact. Plants switched to restricted P began developing P deficiency symptoms within 3 weeks; however, restricting P successfully limited plant growth. These experiments indicated that current P fertilization regimens exceed the P requirements of these bedding plants, and depending on species, concentrations of 5–15 mg·L−1 P maximize growth.

Responses to low phosphorus in high and low foliar anthocyanin coleus (Solenostemon scutellarioides) and maize (Zea mays)

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Henry ◽  
Surinder Chopra ◽  
David G. Clark ◽  
Jonathan P. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Light Harvesting Complex ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Constitutive Production ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

Foliar anthocyanin production is frequently induced by phosphorus deficiency, but the adaptive significance of increased anthocyanin production under P stress, if any, remains unknown. In this study we hypothesised that if anthocyanin expression is an adaptive response to mitigate the stress effects of P deficiency, genotypes with constitutive anthocyanin expression would have greater tolerance to P stress than low anthocyanin-producing genotypes. Four studies were conducted in greenhouse, outdoor chamber and field conditions to compare genetically similar maize and coleus plants with contrasting anthocyanin accumulation (i.e. ‘red-leafed’ vs ‘green-leafed’). In low-P treatments, anthocyanin production did not consistently result in greater photosynthesis or biomass. In coleus, red-leafed phenotypes showed lower chlorophyll a/b ratios suggesting photoprotection by anthocyanins against degradation of light harvesting complex proteins. However, the opposite trend was observed in maize, where red-leafed phenotypes showed greater chlorophyll a/b ratios and lower qP (oxidation state of PSII). Based on results from the various treatments and growth conditions of this study, it could not be concluded that high foliar anthocyanin production confers a general functional advantage under low-P stress. More research comparing inducible vs constitutive production may help elucidate the role of anthocyanin biosynthesis in P deficiency responses.

scholarly journals Effect of phosphorus deficiency on growth and trasport of k+, na+, cl-, no3- in lentil seedling (lens culinaris medik. Var. Barimasur-4)

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimal Chandra Sarker ◽  
JL Karmoker
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
Lentil Seedling

Effects of phosphorus deficiency on accumulation of dry matter and transport of some monovalent ions viz., Na+, K+, Cl- , and NO3- in lentil showed that seedlings raised in culture solution with and without different amount of phosphorus decreased accumulation of K+ and increased accumulation of Na+ in both the root and shoot of lentil. Cl– contents increased under P?deficiency. Concentration of NO3- was increased in the root and decreased in the shoot of P?deficient lentil. P-deficiency caused an increase in the root dry matter and a decrease in the shoot. P-deficiency resulted in a decrease in the shoot : root. Key words: P-deficiency; Growth; Transport; Na+; K+; Cl–; NO3–; Lentil, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8967 DUJBS 2011; 20(2): 103-108   

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