scholarly journals Changing Times for Eastern United States Blackberries

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Clark
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
Retail Grocery

Eastern U.S. blackberries (Rubus subgenus Rubus) have advanced in recent years in production and quality of cultivar choices. Mainly a pick-your-own and local sales item of the early 1990s and before, the increased presence of blackberries in retail grocery stores in the last 10 years has broadened the market for this small fruit. Cultivars that can be shipped and have extended shelf life have been the cornerstone of this expansion. Also, off-season production in Mexico has provided fruit for retail marketing during most months of the year. Further advances in production, marketing, and consumption can be achieved with the continuation of improved cultivar development and expansion of production technology.

Patulin Surveillance in Apple Cider and Juice Marketed in Michigan

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
KERRI L. HARRIS ◽  
GERD BOBE ◽  
LESLIE D. BOURQUIN
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Shelf Stable ◽  
Retail Grocery

Patulin is the most common mycotoxin found in apples and apple juices. The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of patulin in (i) apple cider produced and marketed by Michigan apple cider mills during the fall seasons of 2002 to 2003 and 2003 to 2004 and (ii) apple juice and cider, including shelf-stable products, marketed in retail grocery stores in Michigan throughout 2005 and 2006. End product samples (n = 493) obtained from 104 Michigan apple cider mills were analyzed for patulin concentration by using solid-phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Patulin was detected (≥4 μg/liter) in 18.7% of all cider mill samples, with 11 samples (2.2%) having patulin concentrations of ≥50 μg/liter. A greater percentage of cider samples obtained from mills using thermal pasteurization contained detectable patulin (28.4%) than did those from mills using UV light radiation (13.5%) or no pathogen reduction treatment (17.0%). Among retail grocery store samples (n = 159), 23% of apple juice and cider samples contained detectable patulin, with 18 samples (11.3%) having patulin concentrations of ≥50 μg/liter. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) action level for patulin is 50 μg/kg. Some apple juice samples obtained from retail grocery stores had exceptionally high patulin concentrations, ranging up to 2,700 μg/liter. Collectively, these results indicate that most apple cider and juice test samples from Michigan were below the FDA action level for patulin but that certain apple cider and juice processors have inadequate controls over patulin concentrations in final products. The industry, overall, should focus on improved quality of fruit used in juice production and improve culling procedures to reduce patulin concentrations.

scholarly journals Temperatures and Cold Damage to Small Fruit Crops Across the Eastern United States Associated with the April 2007 Freeze

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1643-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Renee Warmund ◽  
Patrick Guinan ◽  
Gina Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Weather Forecasters

An unprecedented freeze occurred between 4 and 10 Apr. 2007, causing extensive crop loss across a large area of the United States. This event occurred late in the spring and temperatures were unusually low for an extended period. Low-temperature injury on small fruit plants was reported in 21 states. Missouri and Arkansas experienced the highest estimated percentages of crop loss of grape (Vitis spp.), strawberry (Fragraria ×ananassa Duch.), blueberry (Vaccinium spp.), and blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus Watson). Kentucky and Tennessee also reported high percentages of small fruit crop loss. Temperatures preceding the freeze event in the affected region were unusually warm and many of the crops were at a more advanced stage of growth than they would have been under more usual conditions. Although frost/freeze warnings were issued, the terminology used by different weather forecasters was inconsistent. Growers used various cold protection methods, but these were generally ineffective because of the stage of plant development and/or the advective nature of the freeze. Actual grape and blueberry crop losses may not be known for several years because of secondary injury to plant tissues from various pathogens.

Quality of life in HIV-infected women in the south-eastern United States

AIDS Care ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. SOWELL ◽  
B. F. SEALS ◽  
L. MONEYHAM ◽  
A. DEMI ◽  
L. COHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern

scholarly journals Lignan and Nutrient Concentrations in American Mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum L.) in the Eastern United States

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Andrew M. Jones ◽  
Bharathi Avula ◽  
Victor Maddox ◽  
Dennis E. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Podophyllum Peltatum ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Anticancer Compound

Podophyllotoxin is an anticancer compound found in Indian mayapple (Podophyllum emodii Wall.), American mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum L.), and other species. Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives are used in several commercially available pharmaceutical products such as the anticancer drugs etoposide, teniposide, and etopophos. Currently, the commercial production of podophyllotoxin is based on Indian mayapple. The objective of this study was to estimate podophyllotoxin concentration in American mayapple across its natural habitats in the eastern United States and to identify high podophyllotoxin types that could be used for further selection and cultivar development. Analyses of American mayapple leaves collected from 37 mayapple colonies across 18 states indicated a significant variation in podophyllotoxin, α-peltatin, and β-peltatin content and the presence of chemotypes. Overall, the concentrations of podophyllotoxin, α-peltatin, and β-peltatin in the collected accessions ranged from below detectable levels to 45.1, 47.3, and 7.0 mg·g−1 dry weight, respectively. We classified American mayapple accessions into seven groups: 1) with very high concentration of podophyllotoxin (greater than 20 mg·g−1) and no α- or β-peltatin; 2) high podophyllotoxin (greater than 10 mg·g−1) and no α-peltatin but trace amounts of β−peltatin; 3) medium podophyllotoxin (1 to 10 mg·g−1) and no α- or β-peltatin; 4) low podophyllotoxin (0.05 to 1 mg·g−1) and high α-peltatin; 5) trace amounts of podophyllotoxin and high concentration of α-peltatin and α-peltatin; 6) high α-peltatin and trace amounts of podophyllotoxin or β−peltatin; and 7) high α−peltatin and no podophyllotoxin or β-peltatin. American mayapple was found to grow on various soil types with a range of pH (4.6 to 7.6) and dissimilar concentrations of phytoavailable soil nutrients. Tissue zinc concentration was positively correlated to podophyllotoxin, whereas soil and tissue phosphorus was positively correlated to the concentration of α-peltatin. The results from this study may contribute toward the development of high podophyllotoxin-containing varieties of American mayapple and the development of a new cash crop for American farmers.

A Study on Consumer Characteristics of Korean consumers' Intention to purchase Luxury Brand

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 420-430
Author(s):  
Ji-Hun Lee ◽  
Bok-Hyun Moon ◽  
Mi-Sook Yang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Service System ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Changing Times

This study aims to suggest marketing implications for the success of the luxury brands in the market.Questionnaire was conducted for 360 consumers interested in purchasing luxury goods. The collected data were verified for the appropriateness of the structural equation model and the causation of each concept.luxury brands should put more effort to improve the quality and type of products through various consumer characteristics analysis, and build a pricing strategy to match consumer characteristics with various pricing systems and payment methods. In addition, it is necessary to pay more attention to setting the service system worthy of their luxury images so that the service system can also take the luxury image. What's more, since most luxury consumers are those who value their personality and image rather than cost, so they should do their best at each step so as not to give the negative image of the company to the eyes of the consumers until the end. And it needs to continue their research for enhanced quality of the products and manage the image to sustain the image of the company over time, and make efforts to understand the way of expressing the changing images in step with the changing times and read the cultural trend.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document