scholarly journals Greenhouse Cost Accounting: A Computer Program for Making Management Decisions

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin G. Brumfield
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Direct Cost ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Greenhouse Crops ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Computer Output

The computer program Greenhouse Cost Accounting, available for DOS-based microcomputers and Macintosh computers, is described. The software enables the user to perform cost accounting and to determine the profitability of greenhouse crops. The information can be used by managers to analyze various production, financial, and marketing strategies. The Greenhouse Cost Accounting program uses cost information typically found on income statements and direct cost information for each crop. From these inputs, the program allocates as many costs as possible to individual crops. The remaining unallocated costs are assigned to each crop on a per square-foot-week basis. The computer output provides information on costs and returns on a per crop, per unit, and per square-foot basis. It also provides an income statement showing total costs, allocated costs, and unallocated costs. The output can aid the manager in making decisions about pricing, reducing unprofitable production, controlling costs, and increasing sales of profitable crops. The program also can be used by greenhouse management classes or for extension workshops.

THE NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT OF COST MANAGEMENT AMONG EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY U.S. TEXITLE MANUFACTURERS

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Textile Mills

Several authors have suggested that a particular managerial component was needed before cost accounting could be fully used for accountability and disciplinary purposes. They argue that the marriage of managerialism and accounting first occurred in the United States at the Springfield Armory after 1840. They generally downplay the quality and usefulness of cost accounting at the New England textile mills before that time and call for a re-examination of original mill records from a disciplinary perspective. This paper reports the results of such a re-examination. It initially describes the social and economic environment of U.S. textile manufacturing in New England in the early nineteenth century. Selected cost memos and reports are described and analyzed to indicate the nature and scope of costing undertaken at the mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, in the late 1820s and early 1830s. The paper discusses how particular cost information was used and speculates why certain more modern procedures were not adopted. Its major finding is that cost management practices fully measured up to the business complexities, economic pressures, and social forces of the day.

scholarly journals The Theoretical Substantiation of Cost Accounting in the Light of Conflicting Approaches (English version)

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Marcell Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Separation Theorems ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
Income Accounting

In Germany, a discussion has been in progress for a number of years on the theoretical substantiation and the necessity of an independent cost accounting system. The spectrum of views involved ranges from a complete integration of cost accounting (internal income statement) into the profit and loss statement (external income statement) to as complete a separation as possible of the two income accounting systems. This contribution will represent, from a German standpoint, how the discussion has developed, and what its present state is.The conclusion of this contribution is a recommendation of a theoretically substantiated separation of the two types of income statements.The contribution pursues several different purposes:(a) an identification of the historical roots of the theoretical basis of cost accounting,(b) an account of the problem field of the firm and its structures,(c) a definition of the position of separations and separation theorems,(d) an analysis of perspectives of investigation of a theoretical substantiation,(e) a methodical orientation of cost accounting by the planning and steering system,(f) an account and appreciation of recent contributions on the theoretical substantiation,(g) a theoretical substantiation of an independent cost accounting system.

A computer program for use in sheep enterprise decision making.

1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
HG Gardiner ◽  
KR Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Kitchen Table

The profitability and long term viability of any business enterprise depends on careful, well thought out, long term planning. The pastoral industry is no exception and management decisions need to be based on the long term as well as short term advantages and disadvantages of any parficular strategy. Examination of the long term effects of management decisions has always been difficult. Not only is the future uncertain but the necessary financial and stock calculations are tedious, particularly if several strategies are considered. A computer program, suitable for use on programmable calculators, has been designed with the specific aim of reducing the tedium of calculation. Emphasis in the design has been placed on flexibility and applicability to actual decsion making situations. The program, devised for use on the Hewlett Packard 41C calculator, is very similar in aim to the model reported by Barber (I 9801, which aimed 'to provide a tool for producers, extension workers and researchers that could be used anywhere from the office desk to the kitchen table'. A recent summary of enterprise modelling work in 'Computers in Farming' (Department of Agriculture, Victoria 1980) indicates that most of the modelling work has been centred around larger, less portable micro-computers. The ease of operation, transportability and low cost of programmable calculators should make them a valuable tool for use on properties by managers. owners, extension workers, bankers and stock agents. They will enable the manager quickly and accurately to assess the likely outcome of various management strategies.

Activity-Based Costing and Cost Interdependencies among Products: The Denim Finishing Company

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Caplan ◽  
Nahum D. Melumad ◽  
Amir Ziv
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Production Line ◽  
New Product ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Full Cost ◽  
Level Information ◽  
The Cost

A fictional example illustrates how interdependencies among products in the production process, and the costs associated with those interdependencies, challenge the ability of cost accounting systems to generate decision-useful product cost information. The cost interdependency in the current example is a production-line change-over cost that is incurred to retool a machine whenever the production process changes from one product to another. Both marginal costing and full cost activity-based costing (ABC) are employed in an attempt to provide decision-relevant product-level information in connection with the decision to add a new product.

Cost Accounting in Brazil's Public Sector

2018 ◽  
pp. 319-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Pereira Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Or Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Management Experience

The purpose of this chapter is to identify the importance, use, and level of implementation of cost accounting in Brazil's public sector and its relationship with the features of user's professional experience. The research is positivistic and quantitative, carried out through a survey to the employees of the accounting and internal control departments from the municipalities, states, and of the executive branch of the union. A total of 344 answers were obtained, and the analysis was performed only in 320 respondents from the executive branch of the Brazilian's public sector. The results show the users' belief in the importance of cost information for the public sector, but in spite of this belief, there is a low use of information that can be motivated by the lack of cost system implementation or by the primacy of the use of financial and budgetary information in decision making. The results show that the importance level of cost information is not significantly different independent of a low, high, or moderate experience in accounting or management experience.

A Comparative Analysis of Activity-Based Costing and Traditional Costing Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 1429-1440
Author(s):  
Khaled Samaha ◽  
Sara Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Organizational Environments ◽  
Corporate Commitment ◽  
Traditional Costing ◽  
Abc Method ◽  
Manufacturing Organization

Today, organizational environments are increasingly characterized by an expanding use of advanced technologies. A company’s management accounting system should capture the underlying technology, be consistent with corporate commitment to total quality and increased automation, and promote its efforts to compete on the basis of cost, quality, and lead time. However, the recent literature reveals that traditional cost accounting systems systematically introduce serious product cost distortions, which lead to inappropriate strategic decisions. Activity-Based Costing (ABC) represents an alternative paradigm that is giving more accurate and traceable cost information. The objective of this case is to illustrate the application of ABC method in a single manufacturing organization operating in the metal industry and to compare the results of ABC with volume based costing (traditional costing) method. The results of the application highlight the weak points of volume based costing which assigns factory overhead costs using direct labor-hours or machine-hours as a cost driver. As a result, volume-based costing under-costs low-volume product (i.e. products requiring fewer direct labor hours in total), while it over-costs high-volume products (i.e. products requiring more direct labor-hours in total), and thus, a product is subsidized at the expense of others. In cost accounting this is called cross-subsidization. However, activity-based costing traces overhead consumption by each product and thus provides a more accurate per-unit overhead cost.

A computer calculation of Fermi surface cross sections using the empty lattice model

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Fermi Surface ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Lattice Model ◽  
Computer Calculation ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Fermi Surfaces ◽  
The One ◽  
Computer Output

A computer program has been written in Fortran IV to calculate the areas of Fermi surface cross sections using the empty lattice model often referred to as the one-OPW model. The program employs the Harrison (1960) construction and will work for any structure with any Fermi radius. For hexagonal structures both the single and double zone schemes may be employed. Any plane may be selected by the user. This plane may be rotated a specified number of times about two axes and also shifted along one of the axes in order to search for extremal orbits along this axis. In applying the program to complicated Fermi surfaces a qualitative sketch of the surface may be necessary for the correct interpretation of the computer output. A copy of the deck of cards comprising the program may be obtained from the Depository of Unpublished Data.

scholarly journals Practical Value of Accounting Information in Cost Accounting

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhmonali Rasulovich Obidov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Information ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Information Space ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Space Model ◽  
The Future

This article describes accounting information and its importance in enterprises in its clustered system. Currently, there is a need to control costs and revenues, to develop a single information space model for organizations and institutions. Management decisions made by managers in these organizations determine the future fate of the enterprise, which requires the proper organization of accounting.

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