scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation Regimes on Yield and Water Use by Sweetpotato

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyle A. Smittle ◽  
Melvin R. Hall ◽  
James R. Stansell
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Water Tension ◽  
Storage Root Development

Sweetpotatoes [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam cv. Georgia Jet] were grown on two soil types in drainage lysimeters under controlled soil water regimes during 1982 and 1983. Water regimes consisted of irrigating the sweetpotatoes throughout growth when soil water tension at 23 cm exceeded 25, 50, or 100 kPa or by allowing a 100-kPa water stress before root enlargement, during early root enlargement, or throughout root enlargement. Water use and marketable yields were greater when sweetpotatoes were grown on a Tifton loamy sand (fine loamy, siliceous, thermic, Plinthitic Paleudult) than when grown on a Bonifay sand (loamy, siliceous, thermic, Grossarenic, Plinthitic Paleudult). Water use, marketable yield, and yield of U.S. #1 grade roots generally decreased when soil water tensions exceeded 25 kPa before irrigation, although soil water stress of 100 kPa during storage root development did not significantly affect yield. Regression equations are provided to describe the relationships of water use to plant age and to compute daily evapotranspiration: pan evaporation ratios (crop factors) for sweetpotatoes irrigated at 25, 50, and 100 kPa of soil water tension.

scholarly journals Irrigation Regimes Affect Leaf Yield and Water Turnip Use by Mustard

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyle A. Smittle ◽  
W. Lamar Dickens ◽  
James R. Stansell ◽  
Eric Simonne
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Daily Evapotranspiration ◽  
Daily Pan Evaporation ◽  
Water Tension

Turnip (Brassica rapa L.) and mustard (Brassica juncea L.) were grown in drainage lysimeters under controlled soil water regimes during 2 years. Irrigation regimes consisted of water applications when the soil water tension at a 10-cm depth exceeded 25,50, or 75 kPa throughout growth of the two crops on two soil types during spring and fall production seasons. Leaf yield and water use were highest when irrigation was applied at 25 kPa soil water tension. Regression equations are presented to describe the relationships of daily pan evaporation and water use to plant age, and to compute daily evapotranspiration: pan evaporation ratios (crop factors) during spring and fall production seasons.

scholarly journals Irrigation Regimes Affect Yield and Water Use by Bell Pepper

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 936-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyle A. Smittle ◽  
W. Lamar Dickens ◽  
James R. Stansell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Daily Evapotranspiration ◽  
Water Tension

`Keystone Resistant Giant' bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) was grown in drainage lysimeters under controlled soil water regimes during 1982, 1984, and 1985. Three irrigation regimes were imposed on bell pepper grown on two soil types during spring and fall growing seasons. Irrigation regimes consisted of applying water when the soil water tension at 10 cm exceeded 25, 50, or 75 kPa during crop growth. Yields and water use were greatest when irrigation was applied at 25 kPa. Regression equations are presented to describe the relationships of water use to plant age and to compute the ratios of daily evapotranspiration to pan evaporation (crop factors) for bell pepper grown under the three irrigation regimes.

scholarly journals Short-duration Water Stress Decreases Onion Single Centers without Causing Translucent Scale

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1450-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Erik B.G. Feibert ◽  
Lamont D. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Physiological Disorder ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Water Tension

Single centeredness has become an important onion attribute for marketing because of the use of onions in food products such as onion rings. Although onion single centeredness is largely cultivar dependent, it may also be influenced by growing conditions. These trials tested the effects of early-season, short-duration water stress on onion single centeredness. The effects of the short-duration water stress were also evaluated on onion yield, grade, and translucent scale. Translucent scale is a physiological disorder thought to be influenced by water stress. Onions were drip irrigated automatically at a soil water tension (SWT) of 20 kPa and were submitted to short-duration water stress in 2003, 2004, and 2005. Onions in each treatment were stressed once at either the two-leaf, four-leaf, early six-leaf, late six-leaf, or eight-leaf stage and were compared with a minimally stressed control. Onions were stressed by interrupting irrigations until the SWT at a 0.2-m depth reached 60 kPa, at which time the irrigations were resumed. Onion single centeredness was reduced by short-duration water stress in 2003 and 2005. Onions were sensitive to the formation of multiple centers with water stress at the four-leaf to late six-leaf stages. The 2004 growing season was characterized by cool, moist conditions, and water stress did not affect single centeredness. Among all treatments and years, marketable yield was only reduced in 2005, with stress at the four-leaf and eight-leaf stages. The incidence of translucent scale was very low each year and was not related to early-season water stress.

scholarly journals Irrigation Regimes Affect Cabbage Water Use and Yield

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyle A. Smittle ◽  
W. Lamar Dickens ◽  
James R. Stansell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Daily Evapotranspiration ◽  
Water Tension

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) was grown in drainage lysimeters under controlled soil water regimes during 3 years. Three irrigation regimes were imposed on cabbage grown on two soil types during the spring and fall growing seasons. Irrigation regimes consisted of applying water when the soil water tension at 10 cm exceeded 25, 50, or 75 kPa during crop growth. Yields and water use were highest when irrigation was applied at 25 kPa soil water tension. Regression equations are presented to describe the relationships of water use to plant age and to compute the ratios of daily evapotranspiration to pan evaporation (crop factors) for cabbage grown under the three irrigation regimes.

scholarly journals Irrigation management of muskmelon with tensiometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio José de Santana ◽  
Guilherme de Almeida Bocate ◽  
Murilo Augusto Sgobi ◽  
Stefany Silva de Souza ◽  
Taynara Tuany Borges Valeriano
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Water Tension

The production and consumption of muskmelon have been increasing (MELO et al., 2014), thus, information on techniques for higher field productions are necessary. The experiment described in the present work was conducted in the IFTM, Uberaba, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, aiming to evaluate the muskmelon yield under different soil water tensions. A randomized block experimental design was used with five treatments (soil water tensions of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kPa) and four replications (plots of two rows of 14 plants). Two harvests were carried out and the fruit yield, stem diameter, number of fruits per plant and efficiency of water use were evaluated. Irrigation was performed with a drip irrigation system and managed with tensiometry. The cultivar Bonus n.2 was used with spacing of 1.0 x 0.6 m. The data of the variables were subjected to the F test and regression test. The treatments showed statistical differences in number of fruits per plant, fruit weight (fruit yield) and stem diameter. The highest fruit yield found was 1.36 kg fruit-1 and the highest water use efficiency was 4.08 g mm-1 with irrigation for a soil water tension of 10 kPa. The lowest fruit yield was found with irrigation for a soil water tension of 50 kPa.

scholarly journals Development and production of iceberg lettuce irrigated with magnetically treated water

Water SA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (4 October) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lis Tavares Ordones Lemos ◽  
Fábio Ponciano de Deus ◽  
Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Michael Silveira Thebaldi ◽  
Marcio Mesquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Iceberg Lettuce ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Water Tension

Irrigated agriculture has become a concern, given the scarcity of freshwater. To reduce its water consumption, new techniques and technologies have been proposed. Based on this, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different soil water tensions at initiation of irrigation with magnetically treated water, on ‘iceberg’ lettuce Lucy Brown (Lactuca Sativa L.) development and production. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized factorial design, to evaluate two water types (magnetically treated water – MW and ordinary water – OW) and four soil water tensions at initiation of irrigation (T1 – 15 kPa, T2 – 25 kPa, T3 – 40 kPa and T4 – 70 kPa), with three replicates. Tensiometers were used to estimate soil water tension. The evaluated parameters were: aerial part fresh and dry total mass; commercial head fresh and dry mass, root fresh and dry mass; stem fresh and dry mass; stem length and diameter; percentage of leaves with tip burn, total and commercial yield; water use efficiency related to total and commercial yield; plant exposed area; and dry matter content. Despite achieving greater water use efficiency, the magnetic treatment may have hindered the removal of water from the soil by the crop, especially at increased soil water tension at initiation of irrigation.

scholarly journals Response of broccoli to soil water tension under drip irrigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Bartolomeu Felix Tangune ◽  
Geraldo Magela Pereira ◽  
Rovilson José de Souza ◽  
Rafael Frees Gatto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Granular Matrix ◽  
Water Tension

We evaluated the effect of different soil water tensions on the production of broccoli cultivated in a protected environment under drip irrigation in order to establish criteria for the adequate management of irrigation. A completely randomized block design was used, comprising six treatments and four replicates. The treatments included six soil water tensions (15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 kPa). Soil water tension was monitored with granular matrix sensors installed at depths of 0.2 m (decision sensors) and 0.4 m (seepage control sensors). Total and marketable fresh weight of broccoli heads, average diameter of marketable heads, height of marketable heads, and total and marketable yield were greatest when the soil water tension at a depth of 0.2 m was 15 kPa, at which the mean values of the evaluated variables were 0.84 kg, 0.76 kg, 20.5 cm, 11.7 cm; 26.5 t ha?1, and 23.7 t ha?1, respectively. Treatments did not significantly affect efficiency of water use or height of marketable heads.

scholarly journals Pigeonpea Yield and Water Use Efficiency: A Savior under Climate Change-Induced Water Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Misheck Musokwa ◽  
Paramu Mafongoya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Tension

Frequent droughts have threatened the crop yields and livelihoods of many smallholder farmers in South Africa. Pigeonpea can be grown by farmers to mitigate the impacts of droughts caused by climate change. An experiment was conducted at Fountainhill Farm from January 2016 to December 2017. The trial examined grain yield in addition to water use efficiency (WUE) of pigeonpea intercropped with maize versus sole pigeonpea and maize. A randomized complete block design, replicated three times, was used. Soil water tension was measured at 20, 50, and 120 cm within plots. The highest and lowest soil water tension was recorded at 20 m and 120 m respectively. Combined biomass and grain yield were significantly different: pigeonpea + maize (5513 kg ha−1) > pigeonpea (3368 kg ha−1) > maize (2425 kg ha−1). A similar trend was observed for WUE and land equivalent ratio (LER), where pigeonpea + maize outperformed all sole cropping systems. The inclusion of pigeonpea in a traditional mono-cropping system is recommended for smallholder farmers due to greater WUE, LER and other associated benefits such as food, feed and soil fertility amelioration, and it can reduce the effects of droughts induced by climate change.

scholarly journals CULTIVO DA BETERRABA SOB DIFERENTES TENSÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-235
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rocha Miranda ◽  
Geraldo Magela Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Water Tension

CULTIVO DA BETERRABA SOB DIFERENTES TENSÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO     JONATHAN DA ROCHA MIRANDA¹ E GERALDO MAGELA PEREIRA²   1Doutorando em Engenharia Agrícola pela Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) – Campus Universitário, Departamento de Engenharia, C.P. 3037 – CEP 37200-000, Lavras-MG, Brasil. [email protected]; ²Professor Titular da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) - Campus Universitário, Departamento de Engenharia, C.P. 3037- CEP 37200-000, Lavras-MG, Brasil. [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se com este estudo, avaliar o efeito de diferentes tensões de água no solo sobre a produção de beterraba, cultivada em ambiente protegido e irrigada por gotejamento, de forma a estabelecer critérios para o manejo adequado da irrigação. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia da Universidade Federal de Lavras, no período de fevereiro a maio de 2016. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos completos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos corresponderam as tensões da água no solo de 15; 25; 35; 45; 55 e 65 kPa. Conclui-se que para a obtenção de maior produtividade e eficiência no usa da água, as irrigações devem ser realizadas quando a tensão da água no solo estiver em torno de 15 kPa, a uma profundidade de 0,15 m.   Palavras-chave: Manejo de irrigação; Ambiente protegido; Sensor de Resistência Elétrica; Eficiência no Uso da Água.     MIRANDA, J.R; PEREIRA, G.M. BEET CULTIVATION UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL WATER TENSIONS     2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different soil water stresses on beet production, cultivated in a protected environment and irrigated by drip irrigation, to establish criteria for proper irrigation management. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Engineering Department of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), from February to May 2016. The innovative design was a randomized complete block (DBC), with six treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of six soil water tension stresses (15, 25, 35, 45, 55 and 65 kPa). From the results obtained, it was concluded that to achieve higher values of productivity and efficiency in the use of water, irrigations should be carried out when the water tension in the soil is around 15 kPa, to a depth of 0.15 m.   Keywords: Irrigation management; Protected environment; Watermark, Efficiency in Water Use.

scholarly journals Yield and water use of cherry tomato under water availability and potassium doses

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano B. Pacheco ◽  
Tonny J. A. da Silva ◽  
Edna M. Bonfim-Silva ◽  
Hamilton A. W. Castro ◽  
Marcio Koetz
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Soil Water Availability ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Tension

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and water use of cherry tomatoes under soil water availability and potassium (K) doses in a greenhouse. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks in a 52 fractional factorial design, corresponding to five levels of water availability and five K doses, with 13 combinations (4-0; 4-250; 4-500; 14-125; 14-375; 24-0; 24-250; 24-500; 34-125; 34-375; 44-0; 44-250; 44-500) (kPa-mg dm-3) and four replicates. A drip irrigation system with semi-automated irrigation control was used. The analyzed variables were shoot dry matter, number of fruits, yield, water consumption and water use efficiency. Highest cherry tomato yield occurs at soil water tension of 24 kPa and K dose of 290 mg dm-3. Soil water tension of 44 kPa and K dose of 290 mg dm-3 allow for higher water use efficiency in cherry tomato. Cherry tomato yield and water use are influenced by soil water availability and K doses in greenhouse.

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