scholarly journals Two Genes from Phaseolus coccineus Confer Resistance to Bean Golden Yellow Mosaic Virus in Common Bean

2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Osorno ◽  
Carlos G. Muñoz ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Feiko H. Ferwerda ◽  
Mark J. Bassett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Phaseolus Coccineus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Golden Yellow

Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV), incited by a whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) transmitted geminivirus, is an important disease that can limit common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in Central America, the Caribbean, and southern Florida. Only a few genes are currently deployed in BGYMV-resistant common bean cultivars. The identification of novel sources of resistance would help bean breeders broaden the genetic base of resistance to this important virus. Phaseolus coccineus L. germplasm accession G35172 was found by International Center for Tropical Agriculture scientists to be resistant to BGYMV. Populations derived from an interspecific cross between P. vulgaris and P. coccineus were evaluated to study the inheritance of resistance to BGYMV. Segregation ratios of F2 plants and other populations suggest that BGYMV resistance from P. coccineus is controlled by two genes. A recessive gene, with the proposed symbol bgm-3, confers resistance to leaf chlorosis and a dominant gene, with the proposed name Bgp-2, prevents pod deformation in the presence of BGYMV. Results from allelism tests with previously reported BGYMV resistance genes (bgm, bgm-2, and Bgp) and the absence of the SR-2 sequence-characterized amplified region marker for bgm support the hypothesis that bgm-3 and Bgp-2 are different genes for BGYMV resistance.

scholarly journals Two Newly Described Begomoviruses of Macroptilium lathyroides and Common Bean

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Idris ◽  
E. Hiebert ◽  
J. Bird ◽  
J. K. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Macroptilium Lathyroides

Macroptilium lathyroides, a perennial weed in the Caribbean region and Central America, is a host of Macroptilium yellow mosaic Florida virus (MaYMFV) and Macroptilium mosaic Puerto Rico virus (MaMPRV). The genomes of MaYMFV and MaMPRV were cloned from M. lathyroides and/or field-infected bean and the DNA sequences were determined. Cloned A and B components for both viruses were infectious when inoculated to M. lathyroides and common bean. Comparison of the DNA sequences for cloned A and B components with well-studied begomovirus indicated that MaMPRV (bean and M. lathyroides) and MaYMFV (M. lathyroides) are unique, previously undescribed begomo-viruses from the Western Hemisphere. Phylogenetic analysis of viral A components indicated that the closest relative of MaYMFV are members of the Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) group, at 76 to 78% nucleotide identity, whereas the closest relative for the A component of MaMPRV was Rhynchosia golden mosaic virus at 78% nucleotide identity. In contrast, BGYMV is the closest relative for the B component of both MaYMFV and MaMPRV, with which they share ≈68.0 and ≈72% identity, respectively. The incongruent taxonomic placement for the bipartite components for MaMPRV indicates that they did not evolve entirely along a common path. MaYMFV and MaMPRV caused distinctive symptoms in bean and M. lathyroides and were transmissible by the whitefly vector and by grafting; however, only MaYMFV was mechanically transmissible. The experimental host range for the two viruses was similar and included species within the families Fabaceae and Malvaceae, but only MaYMFV infected Malva parviflora and soybean. These results collectively indicate that MaMPRV and MaYMFV are new, previously undescribed species of the BGYMV group, a clade previously known to contain only strains and isolates of BGYMV from the Caribbean region that infect Phaseolus spp. Both MaYMFV and MaMPRV may pose an economic threat to bean production in the region.

scholarly journals A Recombinant of Bean common mosaic virus Induces Temperature-Insensitive Necrosis in an I Gene-Bearing Line of Common Bean

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1251-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Feng ◽  
Alan R. Poplawsky ◽  
Alexander V. Karasev
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Almost All ◽  
I Gene

The I gene is a single, dominant gene conferring temperature-sensitive resistance to all known strains of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). However, the closely related Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) induces whole plant necrosis in I-bearing genotypes of common bean, and the presence of additional, recessive genes is required to prevent this severe whole plant necrotic reaction caused by BCMNV. Almost all known BCMNV isolates have so far been classified as having pathotype VI based on their interactions with the five BCMV resistance genes, and all have a distinct serotype A. Here, we describe a new isolate of BCMV, RU1M, capable of inducing whole plant necrosis in the presence of the I gene, that appears to belong to pathotype VII and exhibits B-serotype. Unlike other isolates of BCMV, RU1M was able to induce severe whole plant necrosis below 30°C in bean cultivar Jubila that carries the I gene and a protective recessive gene bc-1. The whole genome of RU1M was cloned and sequenced and determined to be 9,953 nucleotides long excluding poly(A), coding for a single polyprotein of 3,186 amino acids. Most of the genome was found almost identical (>98%) to the BCMV isolate RU1-OR (also pathotype VII) that did not induce necrotic symptoms in ‘Jubila’. Inspection of the nucleotide sequences for BCMV isolates RU1-OR, RU1M, and US10 (all pathotype VII) and three closely related sequences of BCMV isolates RU1P, RU1D, and RU1W (all pathotype VI) revealed that RU1M is a product of recombination between RU1-OR and a yet unknown potyvirus. A 0.8-kb fragment of an unknown origin in the RU1M genome may have led to its ability to induce necrosis regardless of temperature in beans carrying the I gene. This is the first report of a BCMV isolate inducing temperature-insensitive necrosis in an I gene containing bean genotype.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Normal Pod Development in Bean Golden Yellow Mosaic Resistant Common Bean

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maricelis Acevedo Román ◽  
Albeiro Molina Castañeda ◽  
Juan Carlos Angel Sánchez ◽  
Carlos Germán Muñoz ◽  
James S. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Parental Lines

The inheritance of resistance to bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) was studied in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The original cross was made between breeding line PR9556-158, which produces deformed pods when infected with BGYMV, and PR9556-171, which has normal pod development when inoculated with the virus. Pod type was evaluated on plants from six generations (parental lines, F1, F2, F2:3, F3:4, and backcrosses of the F1 to both parents) at mid-pod fill (R8), ≈65 days after planting. The segregation patterns from the F2, F2:3, F3:4, and backcross populations were consistent with the hypothesis that a single dominant gene confers normal pod development in PR9556-171. When inoculated with BGYMV, the deformed pods of PR9556-158 produced fewer seeds per pod than PR9556-171, resulting in lower seed yield. The gene symbol Bgp-1 has been assigned for this dominant resistance gene that controls the normal pod reaction to BGYMV in common bean.

scholarly journals Novel approaches to implementation of pumpkin resistance in control of viral diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bulajic ◽  
Ana Vucurovic ◽  
Ivana Stankovic ◽  
Danijela Ristic ◽  
Janos Berenji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sources Of Resistance

As there is a growing frequency of viral plant diseases in epidemic proportions, the possibilities for successful control are constantly being explored. Despite the fact that integral and simultaneous employment of numerous control measures may contribute to the decreasing amount of yield losses, especially concerning non-persistently aphid-transmitted viruses, these measures are often not efficient enough. Research into the basis of resistance to viral infection and principles of its inheritance, introduction of sources of resistance in susceptible genotypes, by conventional or genetic manipulations, are very intensive for cucurbit crops, especially pumpkins. Pumpkin crops are being endangered by a great number of different viruses, among which the Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) are present every year in Serbia, frequently causing epidemics. The majority of pumpkin cultivars are not resistant or tolerant to viral infections, but sources of resistance have been identified in various related species. So far, the identified sources of resistance to the ZYMV are found in Cucurbita moschata and Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus genotypes and consist of one or several major dominant genes of resistance. It is a similar case with WMV, although the sources of dominant major genes are identified in C. lanatus and C. colocynthis. The sources of resistance to CMV in the form of one dominant gene have been identified in the genotype C. moschata, although the introduction of this gene by conventional means proved to be very difficult. Besides the aforementioned, substantial efforts are being made in developing genotypes with multiple resistance against several viruses and even other pathogens, as well as genotypes with resistance to the most significant plant aphid species, through mechanisms of antixenosis or antibiosis. The other way of obtaining resistant genotypes includes genetic manipulation. Genetically modified resistant pumpkins have been among the first successfully developed crops. Genotypes with pathogen derived resistance can already be found in commercially grown pumpkins in some parts of the world, and they have been developed by introducing the coat protein gene of one, two or all three viruses which are the most frequent, ZYMV, WMV and CMV. Yet, this approach to the control of pumpkin viral diseases is related to possible negative consequences, mostly through the already detected gene transfer to wild plants and development of resistant transgenic weeds of unpredictable impact on the environment. Improved host plant genetic resistance to viral infections or biological vectors, developed by conventional or genetic engineering methods, represents the most dynamic and prominent field of research. It is economically and ecologically the most justified approach to the control of pumpkin and other plant diseases caused by viruses non-persistently transmitted by aphids.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus in Watermelon

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1115-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihat Guner ◽  
Luis A. Rivera-Burgos ◽  
Todd C. Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Severe Isolate

Sources of resistance to the Zucchini yellow mosaic virus-Florida strain (ZYMV-FL) have been identified within the Citrullus genus. Inheritance of resistance to ZYMV-FL was studied in PI 595203 (Citrullus mucosospermus), a resistant watermelon accession. The F1, F2, and BC1 progenies derived from the cross ‘Calhoun Gray’ (CHG) × PI 595203 and ‘New Hampshire Midget’ (NHM) × PI 595203 were used to study the inheritance of resistance to ZYMV-FL. Seedlings were inoculated with a severe isolate of ZYMV-FL at the first true leaf stage and rated weekly for at least 6 weeks on a scale of 1 to 9 on the basis of severity of viral symptoms. A single recessive gene (zym-FL) was found to control the high level of resistance to ZYMV-FL in PI 595203.

scholarly journals NAC Candidate Gene Marker for bgm-1 and Interaction With QTL for Resistance to Bean Golden Yellow Mosaic Virus in Common Bean

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Soler-Garzón ◽  
Atena Oladzad ◽  
James Beaver ◽  
Stephen Beebe ◽  
Rian Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Gene Marker ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Golden Yellow

Genetic resistance is the primary means for control of Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Breeding for resistance is difficult because of sporadic and uneven infection across field nurseries. We sought to facilitate breeding for BGYMV resistance by improving marker-assisted selection (MAS) for the recessive bgm-1 gene and identifying and developing MAS for quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning resistance. Genetic linkage mapping in two recombinant inbred line populations and genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a large breeding population and two diversity panels revealed a candidate gene for bgm-1 and three QTL BGY4.1, BGY7.1, and BGY8.1 on independent chromosomes. A mutation (5 bp deletion) in a NAC (No Apical Meristem) domain transcriptional regulator superfamily protein gene Phvul.003G027100 on chromosome Pv03 corresponded with the recessive bgm-1 resistance allele. The five bp deletion in exon 2 starting at 20 bp (Pv03: 2,601,582) is expected to cause a stop codon at codon 23 (Pv03: 2,601,625), disrupting further translation of the gene. A Tm-shift assay marker named PvNAC1 was developed to track bgm-1. PvNAC1 corresponded with bgm-1 across ∼1,000 lines which trace bgm-1 back to a single landrace “Garrapato” from Mexico. BGY8.1 has no effect on its own but exhibited a major effect when combined with bgm-1. BGY4.1 and BGY7.1 acted additively, and they enhanced the level of resistance when combined with bgm-1. Tm-shift assay markers were generated for MAS of the QTL, but their effectiveness requires further validation.

scholarly journals Cuban Isolate of Bean golden yellow mosaic virus is a Member of the Mesoamerican BGYMV Group

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 1030-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Echemendía ◽  
P. L. Ramos ◽  
R. Peral ◽  
A. Fuentes ◽  
G. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Iterative Sequence ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Golden Yellow

In Cuba, the emergence of bean golden mosaic was associated with high populations of Bemisia tabaci in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plantings in the 1970s (1). During the last two decades, the disease has caused significant economic losses, forcing some growers to abandon bean production. In Holguín, one of the main bean producing provinces of the country, about 2,000 ha of beans were abandoned in 1991 due to the high incidence of this whitefly-transmitted virus. At that time, yield losses associated with this disease reached 90 to 100% in farmer's fields. In spite of various control measures, the disease affected 33, 28, and 6.5% of the total area planted in Cuba to common bean in 1990, 1992, and 1996, respectively. For this investigation, common bean leaves showing systemic yellowing symptoms were collected in fields located in the provinces of Havana, Matanzas, and Holguín during 1998-1999. Sap and total DNA leaf extracts were used to inoculate healthy bean plants by manual and biolistic procedures, respectively. Characteristic yellowing symptoms were more efficiently reproduced using a particle gun device than by manual inoculation (18/20 plants and 5/20 plants, respectively, for a Holguín virus isolate). DNA extracts were further analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using two degenerate primer sets: PAL1v1978-PAR1c715 and PAL1c1960-PAR1v722 (2). Fragments of approximately 1.4 and 1.2 kb were amplified and cloned. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the cloned 1.4-kb fragments was performed with BglII, HincII, SalI, EcoRI, PstI, and XbaI, indicating that selected isolates from the three Cuban provinces shared identical restriction patterns. The nucleotide sequence obtained from two clones of a virus isolate from Holguín, was compared to sequences available for other begomoviruses using BLAST. The Cuban isolate shared up to 94% nt sequence identity with various strains of Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) in the first 250 nt of the rep gene. For the common region (CR), scores were 93% for BGYMV-GA (Guatemala), 92% for BGYMV-MX (southern Mexico) and BGYMV-PR (Puerto Rico), and 91% for BGYMV-DR (Dominican Republic). The iterative sequence ATGGAG was identified in the CR of the Cuban BGYMV isolate, as reported for other BGYMV isolates. Finally, the Cuban begomovirus, hereafter referred to as BGYMV-CU, shared nt and aa sequence identities of 94 and 100%, respectively, with the coat protein gene of BGYMV-MX. We conclude that the begomovirus isolated from mosaic-affected common bean plants in the province of Holguín is a member of the Mesoamerican BGYMV group (3). References: (1) N. Blanco and C. Bencomo. Cienc. Agric. 2:39, 1978. (2) M. R. Rojas et al. Plant Dis. 77:340, 1993. (3) Morales and Anderson, Arch. Virol. 146:415, 2001.

scholarly journals Begomoviruses infecting common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in production areas in Cuba

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e1006
Author(s):  
Lidia Chang-Sidorchuk ◽  
Heidy González-Alvarez ◽  
Yamila Martínez-Zubiaur
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Leaf Curl

Viral diseases caused by begomoviruses are economically important for their depressing impact on common bean production in Cuba. Mayabeque is a Cuban province where this crop is significantly grown and affectations by Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) have been detected in the last 30 years. Integrated pest management (IPM) programs in this crop have allowed controlling the disease for a long time. However, in prospections of the last years, an increase of the incidence of various yellowing symptoms typical of begomoviruses has been observed in common bean production areas. DNA was extracted from leaf samples taken from symptomatic plants. Non-radioactive nucleic acid hybridization and a specific PCR assay were used to detect BGYMV, Common bean severe mosaic virus, Common bean mottle virus, and Tobacco leaf curl Cuba virus. Of the 218 bean plants sampled, 89.5 % was positive to BGYMV; the presence of the rest of the begomovirus species was between 3 and 4% (3.08% of CBMoV, 3.08% of TbLCCuV and 4.32% of CBSMV). The viral DNA from some samples was analyzed by rolling circle amplification (RCA), by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using restriction enzymes, and by cloning and sequencing of the viral components. The DNA sequences from BGYMV isolates showed 98% of identity with the isolates reported in Cuba in 2003. The infection by Tobacco leaf curl Cuba virus (TbLCCuV) was confirmed also in fields in the Cuban western region. This is the first work where the DNA-B of TbLCCuV is identified. These studies will help to strengthen phytosanitary surveillance and management programs implemented in the country to control the whitefly-begomovirus complex in this economically important crop.

scholarly journals Screening Metagenomic Data for Viruses Using the E-Probe Diagnostic Nucleic Acid Assay

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1125-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Stobbe ◽  
W. L. Schneider ◽  
P. R. Hoyt ◽  
U. Melcher
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Metagenomic Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Nucleic Acid Assay ◽  
Ngs Data

Next generation sequencing (NGS) is not used commonly in diagnostics, in part due to the large amount of time and computational power needed to identify the taxonomic origin of each sequence in a NGS data set. By using the unassembled NGS data sets as the target for searches, pathogen-specific sequences, termed e-probes, could be used as queries to enable detection of specific viruses or organisms in plant sample metagenomes. This method, designated e-probe diagnostic nucleic acid assay, first tested with mock sequence databases, was tested with NGS data sets generated from plants infected with a DNA (Bean golden yellow mosaic virus, BGYMV) or an RNA (Plum pox virus, PPV) virus. In addition, the ability to detect and differentiate among strains of a single virus species, PPV, was examined by using probe sets that were specific to strains. The use of probe sets for multiple viruses determined that one sample was dually infected with BGYMV and Bean golden mosaic virus.

scholarly journals Detecting bean golden yellow mosaic virus in bean breeding lines and in the common legume weed Macroptilium lathyroides in Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Lydia I. Rivera-Vargas ◽  
Vilmaris Bracero-Acosta ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Dan E. Purcifull ◽  
Jane E. Polston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Macroptilium Lathyroides

Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) is a geminivirus transmitted by whiteflies (Genus: Bemisia). This virus causes significant fosses in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Serological techniques such as enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been widely used for detection of viruses. We evaluated existing monoclonal antibodies (3F7,2G5 and 5C5) for the detection of BGYMV isolates in bean fines in Puerto Rico. Monoclonal antibody 3F7 was the most effective in detecting the virus in tissues of line DOR 364 and susceptible cuftivars Top Crop and Quest. However, it was not effective in the detection of BGYMV in lines of DOR 303, which showed typical symptoms. Sampfes from Macroptilium lathyroides, a weed that might be a possible reservoir of the virus, were also tested for viraf infection. ELISA tests were inconclusive for detection of geminiviruses in M. lathyroides. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was also used to complement BGYMV diagnosis in M. lathyroides and in bean lines that showed symptoms but were negative for the ELfSA test. Two sets of primers, specific for Begomovirus such as BGYMV, were used in PCR experiments. Using PCR, we were able to detect the virus in the line DOR 303 and in M. lathyroides tissues.

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