scholarly journals First report of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species) infecting Chinese Elm (Ulmus parvifolia) in Florida, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. R. Moore ◽  
J. A. Brito ◽  
S. Qiu ◽  
C. G. Roberts ◽  
L. A. Combee
Keyword(s):  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
First Report ◽  
Ulmus Parvifolia ◽  
Chinese Elm ◽  
Meloidogyne Species

The Microscopy of Compatibility and Incompatibility in Ulmus

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
B. L. Redmond ◽  
Christopher F. Bob
Keyword(s):  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
American Elm ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
Ulmus Parvifolia ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Chinese Elm

The American Elm (Ulmus americana L.) has been plagued by Dutch Elm Disease (DED), a lethal disease caused by the fungus Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) c. Moreau. Since its initial appearance in North America around 1930, DED has wrought inexorable devastation on the American elm population, triggering both environmental and economic losses. In response to the havoc caused by the disease, many attempts have been made to hybridize U. americana with a few ornamentally less desirable, though highly DED resistant, Asian species (mainly the Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila L., and the Chinese elm Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.). The goal is to develop, through breeding efforts, hybrid progeny that display the ornamentally desirable characteristics of U. americana with the disease resistance of the Asian species. Unfortunately, however, all attempts to hybridize U. americana have been prevented by incompatibility. Only through a firm understanding of both compatibility and incompatibility will it be possible to circumvent the incompatibility and hence achieve hybridization.

scholarly journals Key Plant, Key Pests: Chinese Elm (Ulmus parvifolia)

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanita Popenoe ◽  
Caroline G Roper Warwick ◽  
Richard C Beeson, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
General Management ◽  
Ulmus Parvifolia ◽  
Eriophyid Mites ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
Trunk Canker ◽  
Chinese Elm

This series of Key Plant, Key Pests publications are designed for Florida gardeners, horticulturalists and landscape professionals to help identify common pests associated with common Florida flora. This publication, the second in the Key Plant, Key Pests Series, helps identify the most common pests found on the Chinese Elm (Ulmus parvifolia). This publication provides information and general management recommendations for anthracnose or black elm spot, powdery mildew, trunk canker, borers, eriophyid mites and leaf beetles.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep559

Effective concentration and range of activity of abamectin as seed treatment against root-knot nematodes in tomato under glasshouse conditions

Nematology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 909-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alfonso Cabrera ◽  
Sebastian Kiewnick ◽  
Christoph Grimm ◽  
Abd el-Fattah A. Dababat ◽  
Richard A. Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Root Growth And Development ◽  
Meloidogyne Species

Abstract The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy, range of activity and effective concentrations (EC50 and EC80) of abamectin as a seed treatment of tomato against Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria and M. javanica. The study revealed that abamectin seed treatment at concentrations ranging between 0.3 and 1 mg a.s. seed−1 is highly effective against the three species of root-knot nematodes, retaining its efficacy in the soil for 8 weeks. The highest EC50 found was reached at 0.2 mg a.s. seed−1. The highest EC80 for the number of egg masses per g root in the three Meloidogyne species was attained at 0.51 mg a.s. seed−1. Abamectin as a seed treatment is promising for the control of root-knot nematodes in the field since only low amounts of active ingredient are required to give adequate protection in the most sensitive stages of tomato root growth and development.

scholarly journals Differences in Feeding Sites Induced by Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., in Chickpea

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Vovlas ◽  
Hava F. Rapoport ◽  
Rafael M. Jiménez Díaz ◽  
Pablo Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Meloidogyne Species

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are sedentary, obligate endoparasites in plants, where they induce specialized feeding sites. The feeding sites act as strong metabolic sinks to which photosynthates are mobilized. The histopathological modifications in the nematode-induced feeding sites of artificially inoculated chickpea cv. UC 27 were qualitatively and quantitatively compared using five isolates of M. artiellia and one isolate each of M. arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica. All Meloidogyne isolates infected chickpea plants, but root gall thickening was significantly less for M. artiellia isolates than for the other Meloidogyne species. Nevertheless, neither the number of giant cells in the feeding site (averaging four to six) nor the area of individual giant cells was influenced by nematode species or isolate. However, the number of nuclei per giant cell was significantly smaller, and the maximum diameters of nuclei and nucleoli were significantly greater, in giant cells induced by M. artiellia isolates than in those induced by M. arenaria, M. incognita, or M. javanica. In a second experiment, M. artiellia-induced giant cells in faba bean and rapeseed also contained a small number of large nuclei.

scholarly journals First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne floridensis on Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-527
Author(s):  
G. T. Church
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
First Report ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

The state of Florida is the largest producer of fresh market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) in the United States with 2003 yields of 634 million kg on 17,700 ha valued at 516 million dollars. Effective crop management is essential for production of vegetables in Florida because of the presence of intense pest pressure. The identification of the pests present is the first step in the development of a successful IPM (integrated pest management) program. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are common nematodes that parasitize vegetables in Florida and cause significant yield reductions when not properly managed. In 2003 field experiments, soil was collected from two research farms in Saint Lucie and Seminole counties in Florida. Galling caused by root-knot nematode was observed on tomato at both locations. Since females suitable for identification are difficult to obtain from field-grown roots, field soil was placed in pots in the greenhouse and planted with Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Rutgers. Standard morphological techniques, differential host tests, and isozyme phenotypes were used in nematode identification. Female root-knot nematodes were extracted from tomato roots and placed in extraction buffer (10% wt/vol sucrose, 2% vol/vol Triton X-100, 0.01% wt/vol bromophenol blue). The females were crushed, loaded on a polyacrylamide gel, and separated by electrophoresis using the PhastSystem (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ). The activities of malate dehydrogenase and esterase enzymes were detected using standard techniques. Isozyme phenotypes consistent with Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood and M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood as well as with the newly described M. floridensis Handoo (1) were observed at both locations. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. floridensis naturally occurring on tomato in Florida. The identification and distribution of M. floridensis in vegetable production fields is important for disease management throughout the state since the host range is likely different from other Meloidogyne spp. Reference: (1) Z. A. Handoo et al. J. Nematol. 36:20, 2004.

scholarly journals Meloidogyne Species Associated with Weeds in Rio Grande do Sul

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. BELLÉ ◽  
T.E. KASPARY ◽  
R.R. BALARDIN ◽  
R.F. RAMOS ◽  
Z.I. ANTONIOLLI
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Meloidogyne Species

ABSTRACT: The frequency of species of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) was evaluated in weeds collected in different fallow farms in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In the samples where the nematode was found, the species of the root-knot nematode was identified by electrophoresis using the isozyme esterase. They were obtained from weeds belonging to 24 weed species from 13 different botanical families: Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Commelinaceae, Convovulaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Oxalidaceae, Poaceae, Portulacaceae, Solanaceae, Verbenaceae. Meloidogyne javanica Est J3 (Rm: 1.0, 1.25, 1.40) was the most frequent species and occurred in 53.3% of the samples. M. arenaria with phenotype Est. A2 (Rm: 1.20, 1.30) was detected in 15.6% of the samples. M. incognita Est. I2 (Rm: 1.0, 1.1), M. ethiopica Est. E3 (Rm: 0.9, 1.15, 1.30), M. enterolobii Est. M2 (Rm: 0.7, 0.75, 0.9, 0.95) and M. hapla Est. H1 (Rm: 1.17) in 13.3%, 8.9%, 6.7% and 2.2% of the samples, respectively. Therefore, knowledge of the range of host plants to different species of the root-knot nematode can positively contribute to the adoption of management practices that allow the reduction of their populations in the soil.

A new species of the elm powdery mildew species complex (Erysiphaceae) on Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia) in East Asia segregated from Erysiphe ulmi

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-282
Author(s):  
ROLAND KIRSCHNER ◽  
HERMINE LOTZ-WINTER ◽  
MEIKE PIEPENBRING
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
Ulmus Parvifolia ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Chinese Elm

Powdery mildews are common pathogens on wild elm trees as well as on planted ornamentals in Asia and Europe. The taxonomy of the powdery Erysiphe species on elms (Ulmus spp., Ulmaceae) is complicated by taxonomical changes and inconsistently labelled DNA data in databases and publications. Based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis of new collections from Germany and Taiwan, E. ulmi from Europe is revised, while specimens on U. parvifolia from East Asia revealed a separate clade indicating an undescribed species. Morphologically, both species can be distinguished by length of the foot cell of the conidiophore, whereas the teleomorph characteristics were not significantly distinctive.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document