scholarly journals Evaluation of Better Staining Method among Hematoxylin and Eosin, Giemsa and Periodic Acid Schiff-Alcian Blue for the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Biopsies

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Abdullah Saleh Alkhamiss
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Giemsa Stain ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate the preferred method (Giemsa or periodic acid Schiff-Alcian blue [PAS-AB] stains) of detecting Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in gastric mucosal biopsies in terms of sensitivity, specificity and applicability. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first report comparing Giemsa and PAS-AB staining for the detection of H. pylori in such biopsies. Methods: The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of 49 gastric biopsies from different patients were collected from the archive of anatomical pathology at King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. From each block, three slides were prepared and analysed using the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Giemsa and PAS-AB stains to detect the presence/absence of H. pylori, and the results were compared in terms of sensitivity, specificity and applicability. Results: The majority of the biopsies in this study showed antrum-type gastric mucosa. Only 15 biopsies showed active gastritis, whereas the rest showed chronic gastritis. Three biopsies showed intestinal metaplasia. All were detected by PAS-AB stain, but only two-thirds were detected by H&E stain. Fifteen gastric biopsies showed H. pylori infection in general and in 13 of them, active gastritis cases were discovered. Fourteen out of these 15 H. pylori infection cases were detected by Giemsa stain, whereas only 13 cases were detected by H&E stain. PAS-AB stain showed the worst results since it demonstrated only 40% sensitivity and 67.65% specificity in H. pylori detection. Conclusion: Giemsa stain has better sensitivity and specificity in gastric H. pylori infection detection than PAS-AB. Therefore, using PAS-AB stain to detect H. pylori infection is not recommended.

Expression of Cytokeratins 7 and 20 in Helicobacter pylori-associated Chronic Gastritis in Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cohen ◽  
E. Cueto Rúa ◽  
N. Balcarce ◽  
R. Drut
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Gastric Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori gastric infection induces structural changes in the gastric epithelium. Among them, variations in the expression of cytokeratins have been reported in adult patients. In the present study, we describe the expression of CK7 and CK20 in gastric samples taken from the antrum in three groups of pediatric patients: (A) Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis (mean age: 11.4 years); (B) previous H. pylori chronic gastritis patients (mean age: 9.4 years); and (C) controls (mean age: 8.8 years). In all, the presence of sulfomucins was assessed with Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff pH 1.0. Immunoreactivity was graded as absent (0), weak (1 +), moderate (2+), or intense (3+), in accordance with the intensity of the staining, and its distribution as focal or diffuse. CK7 reactivity was 2 + either focal or diffuse in all group A biopsies. The reactivity was more evident in the cells at the neck of the glands, in the areas with more inflammatory infiltrates, decorating long vertical segments of epithelium. In groups B and C, CK7 reactivity was also focal and 1 + at the cells of the necks of the glands. However, group B presented longer vertical segments of positive cells as compared to group C, and shorter than those of group A. The deeper glandular structures were focally 1 + in both groups. CK20 expression was comparable in all three groups, depicting a 2+ diffuse reactivity at the surface epithelium and interposed pits with absence or focal reactivity at the neck and coiled gland areas. Ki-67 immunostaining paralleled that of the CK7. Staining for sulfated mucosubstances was positive in two of five cases of groups A and B, and in none of the cases of group C. We conclude that: (1) the long segments of CK7-positive glandular necks in H. pylori cases most probably indicate intense regenerative activity during active inflammation; (2) eradication of H. pylori does not warrant ad integrum restitution since long segments of Ki-67+, CK7+ cells at the germinative compartment of the glands (as well as cells with sulfomucins) were still recognizable in ex- H. pylori patients; (3) finally, differing from what happens in adults, children somehow manage to maintain fully differentiated CK20+ superficial epithelium while the H. pylori is in action.

scholarly journals Condrolipoma na orelha de um cão

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Maria De Fátima De Souza ◽  
Alinne Emanuelle Monteiro Sarmento ◽  
Francisca Maria Sousa Barbosa ◽  
Raul Antunes Silva Siqueira ◽  
Ivia Carmem Talieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pas Staining ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Well Differentiated

Background: Lipoma is defined as a tumor composed of mature adipocytes, identical to the cells that form normal adult fat. Other elements may also be present, such as cartilaginous tissue. Chondrolipoma is characterized by the presence of differentiated cartilage islands spread within a typical lipoma, in which mucin and collagen can be observed around isles of chondrocytes. This condition affects mainly middle-aged or elderly dogs as well as elderly humans. In the scientific literature, chondrolipomas have not yet been described on the ear of dogs. Therefore, this study aimed to report a case of chondrolipoma on the ear of a dog and its histopathological and histochemical description.Case: A female, 10-year-old, Labrador retriever dog was admitted to the Veterinarian Hospital of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Areia, Brazil. The dog was presented with an ulcerated pendulous nodule on the ear, with a clinical evolution of approximately 7 months. A biopsy sample was taken and submitted to the Veterinary Histopathology Laboratory of the UFPB. Macroscopic evaluation revealed a pendulous and firm nodule, with a round apex, measuring 1.3cm in diameter. The epidermis covering the nodule exhibited an ulcer of 0.5cm in length. The nodule exhibited resistance to cutting and the surface was dark red with hard areas in the center. Sample was fixed in 10% formalin and routinely processed for histology, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), alcian blue (AB), Masson’s trichrome (MT), and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Histopathological evaluation revealed that the nodule was encapsulated, formed by adipocytes of variable sizes. Adipocytes were well-differentiated and the nodule was defined as lipoma. Within the lipoma there was proliferation of chondrocyte islands in a bluish basophilic matrix. Adjacently, abundant fibrous connective tissue was found intertwined with blood vessels. Some vessels exhibited red blood cells in the vicinity, indicating hemorrhage. The epidermis covering the nodule was slightly acanthotic and moderately hyperkeratotic. MT staining marked the fibrous tissue in blue. AB staining revealed blue areas confirming the presence of mucin around cartilage islands. PAS staining revealed the presence of glycogen between mesenchymal cells, which included chondrocytes.Discussion: The diagnosis of chondrolipoma was concluded with the presence of a well-differentiated lipoma, randomly intertwined with cartilage islands, which were also well-differentiated and spread within a typical lipoma. Additionally, the presence of mucin and collagen around the isles of chondrocytes facilitated the diagnosis. Chondrocytes presented different phases of maturation. The case described here exhibited microscopic characteristics that were similar but somewhat different to those previously reported by other authors, in considering that the nodule was encapsulated, and did not exhibit cell atypia or mineralization in the cartilage islands. Most studies published used PAS and Masson’s trichrome staining techniques to confirm the diagnosis of chondrolipoma. However, alcian blue also aids in diagnosing this condition. The tumor developed for months before the dog was taken to a veterinarian, when it finally became ulcerated, which characterized it as non-invasive. Chondrolipoma is a benign tumor, which does not induce metastasis and once excised does not exhibit recurrence. In veterinary medicine, the presence of cartilage within a lipoma is a rare event.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Different Histological Stains for Helicobacter Pylori Detection, taking Immunohistochemistry as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2676-2678
Author(s):  
Atiya Batool Gardezi ◽  
Haseeb Ahmed Khan ◽  
Sabiha Riaz ◽  
Sadia Alam ◽  
Mariya Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Giemsa Stain ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Immunohistochemical Techniques ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Aim: Helicobacter pylori infection has been ascertained to play pivotal role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and gastric neoplasia.1The present study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of H&E stain and Giemsa stain for the histological diagnosis of helicobacter pylori by taking immunohistochemical staining as a gold standard. Methods: A total of 155 cases were included in our study. The received biopsies were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, grossed and stained with H&E and giemsa stain. A board of histopathologists analyzed the morphological details to ascertain the diagnosis. The biopsies were stained by using immunohistochemical techniques against H. pylori antigens, and the procedure was performed according to the guidelines provided by the manufacturer considering the appropriate positive and negative controls for staining. IHC staining was evaluated autonomously and recorded on the proforma as positive and negative cases. Results: In our study, mean age was calculated as 38.4±11.57 years, 74(47.74%) were male and 81(52.26%) were females, frequency of H.Pylori on gold standard was recorded as 109(70.32%), the diagnostic accuracy of hematoxylin-eosin stain for helicobacter pylori detection by taking immunohistochemical staining as a gold standard measure was calculated as 63.30%, 65.22%, 81.18%, 42.86% and 63.87% for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy rate respectively, while these findings were recorded as 74.31%, 80.43%, 90%, 56.92% and 76.12% for Giemsa stain. Conclusion: We concluded that the diagnostic accuracy of H&E and Giemsa stains for detection of HP is promising and cost-effective method in our population. MeSH words: Helicobacter pylori, Immunohistochemistry, Hematoxylin, Pathology, Diagnosis

scholarly journals Comparison of Immunohistochemistry and Conventional Stains for Helicobacter Pylori Detection in Gastric Biopsies of Patients Receiving Proton Pump Inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kongsak Loharamtaweethong ◽  
Napaporn Puripat
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Giemsa Staining ◽  
P Value ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of different staining methods for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in patients treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 75 gastric biopsies from patients with and without PPI therapy between October 2018 and September 2019. Slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); Giemsa and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was done using polyclonal anti-H. pylori antibodies. Statistical analysis was performed to determine any association between the results of different staining methods and PPI consumption. Sensitivity, specificity and positive-negative predictive values of H&E and Giemsa stains were calculated. Results: Overall, H. pylori infection was detected in 33.3% of patients using IHC, 26.7% using H&E, and 28.0% via Giemsa staining. A strong correlation was found between PPI consumption and low H. pylori density detected via IHC (p-value=0.015) but not using H&E and Giemsa staining. The sensitivity of H&E and Giemsa was markedly reduced as a result of PPI consumption (57.1% to 18.2% vs. 85.7% to 27.3%, respectively). Conclusion: Identification of H. pylori using IHC in patients treated with PPI was superior to H&E and Giemsa stains. Both H&E and Giemsa stains showed a marked decrease in sensitivity in patients receiving PPI. The results indicate that IHC should be performed in patients with PPI therapy instead of H&E or Giemsa stains, and PPI should be discontinued for at least 14 days before the performance of endoscopy.

scholarly journals Histochemical Study of Cutaneous Mucins in Hypothyroid Dogs

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 628-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Doliger ◽  
M. Delverdier ◽  
J. Moré ◽  
L. Longeart ◽  
A. Régnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Pas Reaction ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

A dermal mucinoisis, visualized as dermal alcianophilic material, is occasionally present in canine hypothyroidism (myxedema). Various histochemical reactions (alcian blue/periodic acid–Schiff [PAS], alcian blue at pH 2.6, alcian blue at pH 1.0, critical electrolytical concentrations with and without dimethylsulfoxide, differential hydrolysis by hyaluronidases) were performed on skin biopsies from six dogs (four females and two males ranging from 8 to 13 years) affected by hypothyroidism, all of them presenting dermal mucinosis in hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections. In these dogs, the only polysaccharide compound involved in the dermal mucinosis was hyaluronic acid. In this study, hyaluronic acid dermal deposits of hypothyroid dogs were significantly different from those of controls in subepidermal connective tissue and loose reticular connective tissue but not in periadnexal zones. We recommend the combined alcian blue/PAS reaction as a routine technique to assess dermal mucinosis in hypothyroid dogs.

scholarly journals The prevalence of helicobacter pylori and gastritis in Oman

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 029-032
Author(s):  
Nasar Y Alwahaibi ◽  
Badria M Almahrooqi ◽  
Samirah A Alrawahi
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Gastric Antrum ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Stomach Diseases ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Background and objectives: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are considered to be the most common human infectious agents leading to gastritis, ulcer and probably stomach cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection and histologic gastritis in Oman using endoscopy biopsy of the stomach. Methods: A total of 366 stomach biopsies (171 males and 195 females) were histologically analyzed at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, between 2007 and 2010, using haematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa and Alcian blue / periodic acid-Schiff stains. Results: Out of 366 cases, 110 (30.1%) were positive for H. pylori infection. Out of 110, 76 cases were associated with active chronic gastritis, 32 cases with chronic gastritis and one case each with gastric carcinoma and normal histological features. The maximum number of H. pylori organisms was found among young (26 – 44 years) and middle age (45 – 59 years) groups, 34.5% and 30.9%, respectively. H. pylori was present in 36.9% females and in 22.2% of males. 40.9% of H. pylori was found in the gastric antrum site, and the gastric cardia was free of H. pylori. Conclusion: H. pylori associated active chronic gastritis is the most common form of stomach diseases encountered in this study. In addition, female, young and middle age group and gastric antrum had the highest frequency of H. pylori organisms. J Dig Endosc 2013;4(2):29-32)

scholarly journals Morphology and histology of the olfactory organ of two African lungfishes, Protopterus amphibius and P. dolloi (Lepidosirenidae, Dipnoi)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Tae Kim ◽  
Jong Young Park
Keyword(s):  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sensory Epithelium ◽  
Olfactory Organ ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Olfactory Organs

AbstractThe olfactory organs of two African lungfishes,Protopterus amphibiusandP. dolloi, were investigated using a stereo microscope and a compound light microscope and were described anatomically, histologically, and histochemically. Like other lungfishes, these species present the following general features: i) elongated olfactory chamber (OC), ii) anterior nostril at the ventral tip of the upper lip, iii) posterior nostril on the palate of the oral cavity, iv) lamellae with multiple cell types such as olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, basal cells, lymphatic cells, and mucous cells (MC), and vi) vomero-like epithelial crypt (VEC) made of glandular epithelium (GE) and crypt sensory epithelium. Some of these features exhibit differences between species: MCs are abundant in both the lamellar and inner walls of the OC inP. amphibiusbut occur only in lamellae inP. dolloi. On the other hand, some between feature differences are consistent across species: the GE of bothP. amphibiusandP. dolloiis strongly positive for Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-periodic acid Schiff (deep violet coloration), and positive with hematoxylin and eosin and with Masson’s trichrome (reddish-brown staining), unlike the MCs of the two species which stain dark red with both Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-periodic acid Schiff and Masson’s trichrome but respond faintly to hematoxylin and eosin. The differing abundance of MCs in the two lungfishes might reflect different degrees in aerial exposure of the olfactory organ, while the neutral and acid mucopolysaccharide-containing VEC, as indicated by staining properties of the MCs, is evolutionary evidence thatP. amphibiusandP. dolloiare the closest living relatives to tetrapods, at least in the order Dipnoi.

Analysis of babA, cagE and cagA Genes in Helicobacter pylori from Upper Gastric Patients in the North of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Fakhrieh Asl ◽  
Mehrnaz Pourvahedi ◽  
Ali Mojtahedi ◽  
Mohammad Shenagari
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Diseases ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
The North ◽  
Different Types ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Non Ulcer Dyspepsia ◽  
H Pylori

Objective:Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium which has a serious effect on up to half of the world’s population and has been related to different gastric diseases. The goal of this study was to assess the frequency of babA, cagE and cagA genotypes among H. pylori strains isolated from gastric biopsies of endoscopic patients in the north of Iran.Methods:The present study was performed on 90 strains of H. pylori isolated from patients with gastric diseases (Gastric ulcer (GU), Duodenal ulcer (DU), Gastritis (G), Non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) and Gastric adenocarcinoma (GC)). DNA was extracted from all isolated strains and PCR method was performed to detect the prevalence of babA2, cagE and cagA genes using specific primers.Results:Among 90 samples of H. pylori, babA2, cagE, and cagA genes were detected in 42.2%, 30% and 82.2% of strains respectively. The statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of cagA gene in GU, G, DU, and NUD was significantly higher than other genes. Moreover, cagA, and babA2 genes were significantly more prevalent in GC patients compared to cagE gene. Our isolates exhibited 8 distinct arrangements of virulence patterns. The occurrence of cagA (35.6%) was the most prevalent pattern followed by cagA/babA2 (20%) and cagA/babA2/cagE (14.4%).Conclusion:In summary, as first report from Guilan province in the north of Iran, we showed significant association between the presence of babA2, cagE, and cagA genes in different types of gastric disorders.

scholarly journals Deep learning-based transformation of H&E stained tissues into special stains

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin de Haan ◽  
Yijie Zhang ◽  
Jonathan E. Zuckerman ◽  
Tairan Liu ◽  
Anthony E. Sisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Needle Core Biopsy ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Biopsy Tissue ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

AbstractPathology is practiced by visual inspection of histochemically stained tissue slides. While the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is most commonly used, special stains can provide additional contrast to different tissue components. Here, we demonstrate the utility of supervised learning-based computational stain transformation from H&E to special stains (Masson’s Trichrome, periodic acid-Schiff and Jones silver stain) using kidney needle core biopsy tissue sections. Based on the evaluation by three renal pathologists, followed by adjudication by a fourth pathologist, we show that the generation of virtual special stains from existing H&E images improves the diagnosis of several non-neoplastic kidney diseases, sampled from 58 unique subjects (P = 0.0095). A second study found that the quality of the computationally generated special stains was statistically equivalent to those which were histochemically stained. This stain-to-stain transformation framework can improve preliminary diagnoses when additional special stains are needed, also providing significant savings in time and cost.

Frequency of rdx A Deletion Mutation Conferring Metronidazole Resistance in Helicobacter pylori

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Hanaa M. El Maghraby ◽  
Samar Mohaseb
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Deletion Mutation ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Metronidazole Resistance ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori

Background: Metronidazole is one of the antimicrobial drugs that can be used in combination with other drugs for eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).Unfortunately, metronidazole resistance in H. plori is an increasing health problem which may be attributed to inactivation of many genes as rdx A gene. Objective: To determine the frequency of rdx A deletion mutation in H. pylori detected in infected patients attending at the Gastroenterology Unit, Zagazig University Hospitals. Methodology: Two gastric biopsies were taken from each enrolled patient by endoscopy. H.pylori detection was done by rapid urease test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Deletion mutation in rdx A gene was detected by conventional PCR. Results: Out of 134 doubled gastric biopsies obtained from 134 patients, 52.2% were positive for H. pylori. Epigastric pain, vomiting and gastritis were significantly associated with detection of H. pylori infection (p˂ 0.05). Deletion mutation of rdx A gene was detected in 28.6% of H. pylori positive specimens obtained from infected patients. Conclusion: Deletion mutation of rdx A gene is a frequent determinant of rdx A inactivation conferring metronidazole resistance among H. pylori.

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