scholarly journals Fecal Indicator Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Storm Runoff from Dairy Manure and Compost‐Amended Vegetable Plots

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1038-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Jacobs ◽  
Lauren Wind ◽  
Leigh‐Anne Krometis ◽  
W. Cully Hession ◽  
Amy Pruden
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Storm Runoff ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Indicator

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria in the Central Adriatic Sea: Are They Connected to Urban Wastewater Inputs?

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3335
Author(s):  
Viviana Fonti ◽  
Andrea Di Cesare ◽  
Jadranka Šangulin ◽  
Paola Del Negro ◽  
Mauro Celussi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Fecal Indicator

Despite last decades’ interventions within local and communitarian programs, the Mediterranean Sea still receives poorly treated urban wastewater (sewage). Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) performing primary sewage treatments have poor efficiency in removing microbial pollutants, including fecal indicator bacteria, pathogens, and mobile genetic elements conferring resistance to antimicrobials. Using a combination of molecular tools, we investigated four urban WWTPs (i.e., two performing only mechanical treatments and two performing a subsequent conventional secondary treatment by activated sludge) as continuous sources of microbial pollution for marine coastal waters. Sewage that underwent only primary treatments was characterized by a higher content of traditional and alternative fecal indicator bacteria, as well as potentially pathogenic bacteria (especially Acinetobacter, Coxiella, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Empedobacter, Paracoccus, and Leptotrichia), than those subjected to secondary treatment. However, seawater samples collected next to the discharging points of all the WWTPs investigated here revealed a marked fecal signature, despite significantly lower values in the presence of secondary treatment of the sewage. WWTPs in this study represented continuous sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) ermB, qnrS, sul2, tetA, and blaTEM (the latter only for three WWTPs out of four). Still, no clear effects of the two depuration strategies investigated here were detected. Some marine samples were identified as positive to the colistin-resistance gene mcr-1, an ARG that threatens colistin antibiotics’ clinical utility in treating infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study provides evidence that the use of sole primary treatments in urban wastewater management results in pronounced inputs of microbial pollution into marine coastal waters. At the same time, the use of conventional treatments does not fully eliminate ARGs in treated wastewater. The complementary use of molecular techniques could successfully improve the evaluation of the depuration efficiency and help develop novel solutions for the treatment of urban wastewater.

scholarly journals Degradation of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile gene elements in dairy manure anerobic digestion

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254836
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Pramod K. Pandey ◽  
Sundaram Kuppu ◽  
Richard Pereira ◽  
Sharif Aly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Transposase Gene ◽  
Integrase Gene

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants causing serious global health concern. Interventions to address this concern include improving our understanding of methods for treating waste material of human and animal origin that are known to harbor ARGs. Anaerobic digestion is a commonly used process for treating dairy manure, and although effective in reducing ARGs, its mechanism of action is not clear. In this study, we used three ARGs to conducted a longitudinal bench scale anaerobic digestion experiment with various temperatures (28, 36, 44, and 52°C) in triplicate using fresh dairy manure for 30 days to evaluate the reduction of gene abundance. Three ARGs and two mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were studied: sulfonamide resistance gene (sulII), tetracycline resistance genes (tetW), macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) superfamily resistance genes (ermF), class 1 integrase gene (intI1), and transposase gene (tnpA). Genes were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. Results show that the thermophilic anaerobic digestion (52°C) significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the absolute abundance of sulII (95%), intI1 (95%), tnpA (77%) and 16S rRNA gene (76%) after 30 days of digestion. A modified Collins–Selleck model was used to fit the decay curve, and results suggest that the gene reduction during the startup phase of anaerobic digestion (first 5 days) was faster than the later stage, and reductions in the first five days were more than 50% for most genes.

Contamination of hay and haylage with enteric bacteria and selected antibiotic resistance genes following fertilization with dairy manure or biosolids.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Scott ◽  
Roger Murray ◽  
Yuan-Ching Tien ◽  
Edward Topp
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Route Of Exposure ◽  
And Control

The present study evaluated if enteric bacteria or antibiotic resistance genes carried in fecal amendments contaminate the hay at harvest, representing a potential route of exposure to ruminants that consume the hay. In field experiments, dairy manure was applied to a hay field for three successive growing seasons, and biosolids applied to a hay field for one growing season. Various enteric bacteria in the amendments were enumerated by viable plate count, and selected gene targets were quantified by qPCR. Key findings include the following: At harvest, hay receiving dairy manure or biosolids did not carry more viable enteric bacteria than did hay from unamended control plots. Fermentation of hay did not result in a detectable increase in viable enteric bacteria. The application of dairy manure or biosolids did result in a few gene targets being more abundant on hay at the first harvest. Fermentation of hay did result in an increase in the abundance of gene targets, but this occurred both with hay from amended and control plots. Overall, application of fecal amendments will result in an increase in the abundance of some gene targets associated with antibiotic resistance on first cut hay.

scholarly journals Prevalence and seasonal dynamics of blaCTX-M antibiotic resistance genes and fecal indicator organisms in the lower Lahn River, Germany

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0232289
Author(s):  
Ilona Herrig ◽  
Susanne Fleischmann ◽  
Julia Regnery ◽  
Jessica Wesp ◽  
Georg Reifferscheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Fecal Indicator

scholarly journals Abundance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Bacteriophage following Soil Fertilization with Dairy Manure or Municipal Biosolids, and Evidence for Potential Transduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (22) ◽  
pp. 7905-7913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ross ◽  
Edward Topp
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Biosolids

ABSTRACTAnimal manures and municipal biosolids recycled onto crop production land carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can influence the antibiotic resistome of agricultural soils, but little is known about the contribution of bacteriophage to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in this context. In this work, we quantified a set of ARGs in the bacterial and bacteriophage fractions of agricultural soil by quantitative PCR. All tested ARGs were present in both the bacterial and phage fractions. We demonstrate that fertilization of soil with dairy manure or human biosolids increases ARG abundance in the bacterial fraction but not the bacteriophage fraction and further show that pretreatment of dairy manure can impact ARG abundance in the bacterial fraction. Finally, we show that purified bacteriophage can confer increased antibiotic resistance to soil bacteria when combined with selective pressure. The results indicate that soilborne bacteriophage represents a substantial reservoir of antibiotic resistance and that bacteriophage could play a significant role in the horizontal transfer of resistance genes in the context of an agricultural soil microbiome. Overall, our work reinforces the advisability of composting or digesting fecal material prior to field application and suggests that application of some antibiotics at subclinical concentrations can promote bacteriophage-mediated horizontal transfer of ARGs in agricultural soil microbiomes.

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