Healthy Community-Life Circles Planning Combining Objective Measurement and Subjective Evaluation: Theoretical and Empirical Research

<p>New Zealand rural farming communities are the milieu of the agriculture sector. Despite New Zealand’s heavy economic reliance on agriculture, little is known about the architecture for cultivating community in the rural context. Overall, literature on rural communities reviewed for this thesis presented little direct information concerning community and architecture in the rural context. This study is an investigation of how architecture in the New Zealand rural context can cultivate a greater sense of community through the empirical research of existing rural communities. The sociological and architectural theories of community, as a generalised term in the literature, are analysed as determinants for community in the rural context of Northland, New Zealand through empirical research. The three theories of deprivation, density and development, as well as social interaction opportunities were externally applied to the sample Northland communities of Titoki, Maungatapere and Maungakaramea. Interviews with 18 community members as to their community perception authenticate the variation depicted in the external determinants. Empirical research into the theory of community acceptance analysed the vernacular for rural agricultural and rural community hall architecture. The findings from the empirical research informed the criteria for a case study design in Titoki. The resulting architectural application of these principles from the sociological and architectural theories is a uniquely agricultural rural community building to fulfil the Titoki agricultural community’s needs. This research applies commonly regarded sociological and architectural theories of community to the sample rural context to investigate what and how architecture can enable community. The findings from the sample suggest these theories are determinants for community cultivation in the rural context where architecture is a vehicle for building community. A socially healthy community prospers and is therefore more likely to be economically successful.</p>

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Subjective Evaluation and Objective Measurement Methods in Cosmetic Dermatology

Medical Laser Application ◽

10.1078/1615-1615-00146 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 223-229

Author(s):

Jean Luc Levy ◽

Fredéric Pons ◽

Lise Agopian ◽

Regis Besson

Keyword(s):

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Measurement Methods ◽

Objective Measurement ◽

Cosmetic Dermatology

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Planning Healthy Community Life

Health Education Journal ◽

10.1177/001789694900700407 ◽

1949 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 171-175

Author(s):

K.E. Barlow

Keyword(s):

Community Life ◽

Healthy Community

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Alexithymia Characteristics and Subjective Evaluation of Interpersonal Relations in Cancer Patients

Clinical Psychology and Special Education ◽

10.17759/cpse.2016050302 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 24-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T.P. Avdulova ◽

M. Ter-Ovanesov ◽

O.P. Yagudina

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Interpersonal Relations ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Value Judgment ◽

Sample Group ◽

Lower Index ◽

Oncological Patients ◽

Healthy Sample

Results of empirical research of an index of satisfaction with life, an alexithymia and value judgment of the interpersonal relations are described and analyzed. Results at two groups are compared: oncological patients and somatic healthy sample. Interrelations between vital satisfaction, manifestations of an alexithymia and value judgment of the interpersonal relations are considered. An empirical research was carried out involving a sample group of 41 persons aged from 25 till 80 years old. There were 24 respondents in group of oncological patients and 17 people in group somatic healthy respondents. Significantly lower index of vital satisfaction is found in group of oncological patients, significantly higher level of an alexithymia and significantly higher level of intensity of the interpersonal relations.

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Review of Measuring Microenvironmental Changes at the Body–Seat Interface and the Relationship between Object Measurement and Subjective Evaluation

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20236715 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (23) ◽

pp. 6715

Author(s):

Zhuofu Liu ◽

Vincenzo Cascioli ◽

Peter W. McCarthy

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Objective Measurement ◽

The Body ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Prolonged Sitting ◽

Accumulated Temperature ◽

The Relationship ◽

Subjective Sensation

Being seated has increasingly pervaded both working and leisure lifestyles, with development of more comfortable seating surfaces dependent on feedback from subjective questionnaires and design aesthetics. As a consequence, research has become focused on how to objectively resolve factors that might underpin comfort and discomfort. This review summarizes objective methods of measuring the microenvironmental changes at the body–seat interface and examines the relationship between objective measurement and subjective sensation. From the perspective of physical parameters, pressure detection accounted for nearly two thirds (37/54) of the publications, followed by microclimatic information (temperature and relative humidity: 18/54): it is to be noted that one article included both microclimate and pressure measurements and was placed into both categories. In fact, accumulated temperature and relative humidity at the body–seat interface have similarly negative effects on prolonged sitting to that of unrelieved pressure. Another interesting finding was the correlation between objective measurement and subjective evaluation; however, the validity of this may be called into question because of the differences in experiment design between studies.

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The Heart of Rural New Zealand

10.26686/wgtn.16984984 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Emma Fraser

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Rural Community ◽

Community Perception ◽

Farming Communities ◽

Agriculture Sector ◽

Community Acceptance ◽

Rural Context ◽

Healthy Community

<p>New Zealand rural farming communities are the milieu of the agriculture sector. Despite New Zealand’s heavy economic reliance on agriculture, little is known about the architecture for cultivating community in the rural context. Overall, literature on rural communities reviewed for this thesis presented little direct information concerning community and architecture in the rural context. This study is an investigation of how architecture in the New Zealand rural context can cultivate a greater sense of community through the empirical research of existing rural communities. The sociological and architectural theories of community, as a generalised term in the literature, are analysed as determinants for community in the rural context of Northland, New Zealand through empirical research. The three theories of deprivation, density and development, as well as social interaction opportunities were externally applied to the sample Northland communities of Titoki, Maungatapere and Maungakaramea. Interviews with 18 community members as to their community perception authenticate the variation depicted in the external determinants. Empirical research into the theory of community acceptance analysed the vernacular for rural agricultural and rural community hall architecture. The findings from the empirical research informed the criteria for a case study design in Titoki. The resulting architectural application of these principles from the sociological and architectural theories is a uniquely agricultural rural community building to fulfil the Titoki agricultural community’s needs. This research applies commonly regarded sociological and architectural theories of community to the sample rural context to investigate what and how architecture can enable community. The findings from the sample suggest these theories are determinants for community cultivation in the rural context where architecture is a vehicle for building community. A socially healthy community prospers and is therefore more likely to be economically successful.</p>

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Objective on-line assessment of marbling: a brief review

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea02161 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 681 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

D. M. Ferguson

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Measurement Accuracy ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Visual Assessment ◽

Objective Measurement ◽

Video Image ◽

Line Measurement ◽

On Line ◽

Visual Assessments

Visual assessment remains the preferred method for evaluation of marbling in abattoirs. However, visual assessments are compromised by the disadvantages inherent in most systems of subjective evaluation. To that end, several objective measurement technologies have been developed and evaluated for on-line measurement of marbling. Several of these technologies are reviewed in this paper. Of the current suite of technologies, video image analysis and the Danish bioelectrical impedance device offer the most promise in terms of measurement accuracy and suitability for on-line use.

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Reconquest of the Subjective

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.160.2.266 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 160 (2) ◽

pp. 266-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Herman M. van Praag

Keyword(s):

Empirical Research ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Large Degree ◽

Biological Psychiatry ◽

Objective Measurement ◽

Psychiatric Research ◽

The Past ◽

Psychometric Instruments ◽

Biological Treatments ◽

Definition Of

Psychiatric research over the past three decades has now acquired the esteem it clearly deserves. Since empirical research presupposes definition of the object one studies and availability of instruments to measure it, operationalisation of diagnosis and development of psychometric instruments have become major concerns for psychiatry. This progress was promoted to a large degree by biological psychiatry. The search for biological underpinnings of abnormal human behaviour and the study of the efficacy and mechanism of action of biological treatments are both contingent on the use of standardised diagnoses and objective measurement. Biological psychiatry moved in recent years from a minority position into the mainstream, and its methods became the standard approach, especially in research.

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Selecting the Optimal FM System for Children With Cochlear Implants

Perspectives on Hearing and Hearing Disorders in Childhood ◽

10.1044/hhdc18.1.19 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

Erin C. Schafer

Keyword(s):

Speech Recognition ◽

Cochlear Implants ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Background Noise ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Signal To Noise ◽

Speech Processor ◽

System Input ◽

Optimal Type

Children who use cochlear implants experience significant difficulty hearing speech in the presence of background noise, such as in the classroom. To address these difficulties, audiologists often recommend frequency-modulated (FM) systems for children with cochlear implants. The purpose of this article is to examine current empirical research in the area of FM systems and cochlear implants. Discussion topics will include selecting the optimal type of FM receiver, benefits of binaural FM-system input, importance of DAI receiver-gain settings, and effects of speech-processor programming on speech recognition. FM systems significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio at the child's ear through the use of three types of FM receivers: mounted speakers, desktop speakers, or direct-audio input (DAI). This discussion will aid audiologists in making evidence-based recommendations for children using cochlear implants and FM systems.

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