Are We Becoming Greener? Life-time Experiences and Responsible Investment

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milo Bianchi ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Zhengkai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Life Time ◽  
Responsible Investment

SEM and Auger microanalysis studies of Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each activation condition

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
T. Koshikawa ◽  
Y. Fujii ◽  
E. Sugata ◽  
F. Kanematsu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Electron Multiplier ◽  
Activation Condition ◽  
Activation Conditions

The Cu-Be alloys are widely used as the electron multiplier dynodes after the adequate activation process. But the structures and compositions of the elements on the activated surfaces were not studied clearly. The Cu-Be alloys are heated in the oxygen atmosphere in the usual activation techniques. The activation conditions, e.g. temperature and O2 pressure, affect strongly the secondary electron yield and life time of dynodes.In the present paper, the activated Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each condition are investigated with Scanning Auger Microanalyzer (SAM) (primary beam diameter: 3μmϕ) and SEM. The commercial Cu-Be(2%) alloys were polished with Cr2O3 powder, rinsed in the distilled water and set in the vacuum furnance.Two typical activation condition, i.e. activation temperature 730°C and 810°C in 5x10-3 Torr O2 pressure were chosen since the formation mechanism of the BeO film on the Cu-Be alloys was guessed to be very different at each temperature from the results of the secondary electron emission measurements.

Negative Life Events Associated With Deliberate Self-Harm in an African Population in Uganda

Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kinyanda ◽  
H. Hjelmeland ◽  
S. Musisi
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Interventions

Abstract. Negative life events associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH) were investigated in an African context in Uganda. Patients admitted at three general hospitals in Kampala, Uganda were interviewed using a Luganda version (predominant language in the study area) of the European Parasuicide Study Interview Schedule I. The results of the life events and histories module are reported in this paper. The categories of negative life events in childhood that were significantly associated with DSH included those related to parents, significant others, personal events, and the total negative life events load in childhood. For the later-life time period, the negative life events load in the partner category and the total negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. In the last-year time period, the negative life events load related to personal events and the total number of negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. A statistically significant difference between the cases and controls for the total number of negative life events reported over the entire lifetime of the respondents was also observed, which suggests a dose effect of negative life events on DSH. Gender differences were also observed among the cases. In conclusion, life events appear to be an important factor in DSH in this cultural environment. The implication of these results for treatment and the future development of suicide interventions in this country are discussed.

Inactivation of Factor XIa in Vivo: Studies in Chimpanzees and in Humans

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (04) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter A Wuillemin ◽  
C Erik Hack ◽  
Wim K Bleeker ◽  
Bart J Biemond ◽  
Marcel Levi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Life Time ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
C1 Inhibitor ◽  
Elimination Kinetics ◽  
Factor Xia ◽  
Best Parameter

SummaryC1-inhibitor (C1Inh), antithrombin III (ATIII), α1-antitrypsin (a1AT), and α2-antiplasmin (a2AP) are known inhibitors of factor XIa (FXIa). However, their precise contribution to FXIa inactivation in vivo is not known. We investigated FXIa inactivation in chimpanzees and assessed the contribution of these inhibitors to FXIa inactivation in patients with presumed FXI activation.Chimpanzees were infused with FXIa and the various FXIa-FXIa inhibitor complexes formed were measured. Most of FXIa was complexed to C1Inh (68%), followed by a2AP (13%), a1AT (10%), and ATIII (9%). Analysis of the plasma elimination kinetics revealed a half-life time of clearance (t1/2) for the FXIa-FXIa inhibitor complexes of 95 to 104 min, except for FXIa-a1AT, which had a t1/2 of 349 min. Due to this long t1/2, FXIa-a1AT complexes were predicted to show the highest levels in plasma samples from patients with activation of FXI. This was indeed shown in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation, recent myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris. We conclude from this study that in vivo C1Inh is the predominant inhibitor of FXIa, but that FXIa-a1 AT complexes due to their relatively long t1/2 may be the best parameter to assess FXI activation in clinical samples.

Covalent Complexes Between Low Molecular Weight Heparin Fragments and Antithrombin III – Inhibition Kinetics and Turnover Parameters

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (02) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hoylaerts ◽  
E Holmer ◽  
M de Mol ◽  
D Collen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Plasma Half Life ◽  
Covalent Complex

SummaryTwo high affinity heparin fragments (A/r 4,300 and M, 3,200) were covalently coupled to antithrombin III (J. Biol. Chem. 1982; 257: 3401-3408) with an apparent 1:1 stoichiometry and a 30-35% yield.The purified covalent complexes inhibited factor Xa with second order rate constants very similar to those obtained for antithrombin III saturated with these heparin fragments and to that obtained for the covalent complex between antithrombin III and native high affinity heparin.The disappearance rates from plasma in rabbits of both low molecular weight heparin fragments and their complexes could adequately be represented by two-compartment mammillary models. The plasma half-life (t'/j) of both low Afr-heparin fragments was approximately 2.4 hr. Covalent coupling of the fragments to antithrombin III increased this half-life about 3.5 fold (t1/2 ≃ 7.7 hr), approaching that of free antithrombin III (t1/2 ≃ 11 ± 0.4 hr) and resulting in a 30fold longer life time of factor Xa inhibitory activity in plasma as compared to that of free intact heparin (t1/2 ≃ 0.25 ± 0.04 hr).

Functional surfaces produced by foam coating

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
EIJA KENTTÄ ◽  
HANNA KOSKELA ◽  
SARA PAUNONEN ◽  
KARITA KINNUNEN-RAUDASKOSKI ◽  
TUOMO HJELT
Keyword(s):  
Life Time ◽  
Silica Coating ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
Size Stability ◽  
Stability Measurement ◽  
Standard Paper

This paper reports experiments on silica coating formulations that are suitable for application as a thin pigment layer with foam coating technique on a paper web. To understand the foaming properties of nanosilica dispersions, the critical micelle concentration, foam half-life time, and foam bubble size stability were determined with three different foaming agents. The results indicate that the bubble stability measurement is a useful characterization method for foam coating purposes. Pilot foam coating trials were done and the effects of the chosen foaming agents were studied on the properties of the nanosilica-coated paper. The surface hydrophilicity of silica coated paper was related not only to silica pigment, but also to the chemical nature of the foaming agent. Standard paper properties were not affected by the thin silica coating.

Statistical modeling of drill pipes operational life-time under a regular loading

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
V.I. Kucheryavy ◽  
◽  
A.M. Sharygin ◽  
V.L. Savich ◽  
S.N. Milkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
Drill Pipes

Temporal Trends of Peptic Ulcer Disease in Kashmir, India

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
G M Gulzar ◽  
Showkat A Zargar ◽  
Muzaffar Nazir ◽  
Gul Javid ◽  
Bashir A Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastric Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Ulcer Perforation

BACKGROUND: Since late 1960s, the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease and its complications has been steadily decreasing. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the changing trends in the prevalence and complications of peptic ulcer in Kashmir. METHODS: A cohort of 10474 people aged 15-60 years in district Baramulla of Kashmir was interviewed about symptoms, complications, and surgery related to peptic ulcer. People were enquired about smoking, use of NSAIDs, H2 Receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors and endoscopies. All symptomatic and randomly selected group of asymptomatic people underwent esophago-gastro-cluodenoscopy. RESULTS: In symptomatic group, 286 (41.45%) people hod peptic ulcer and in asymptomatic group 24 (5.35%) had peptic ulcer. There were 71 already diagnosed cases of peptic ulcer; totaling 381. Thirty three people had surgery for peptic ulcer. The point prevalence of peptic ulcer was 3.54% and lifetime prevalence 8.96%. The highest prevalence was in 4th decade. Bleeding was seen in 23.63%, gastric outlet obstruction 4.20%, ulcer perforation 0.52%. 9.39% of peptic ulcer patients had undergone surgery. When compared to previous study in 1985 in Kashmir, there was decrease in point prevalence of 25%, in life-time prevalence of 20.14%, Gastric outlet obstruction by 51.7%, ulcer perforation by 87%, surgery rate by 60% and bleeding by a marginal 2%. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of peptic ulcerand its complications (except bleeding) are showing downward trend in Kashmir over the last 20 years. JMS 2012;15(2):136-40

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