The author begins by discussing the relationship between agriculture and
population at a theoretical level, proceeds with a historical review of
changes in the role and significance of an individual as agricultural
producer, and finally, analyzes population as an element (potentials -
limitations) of agricultural development in Serbia. The overall production
results, and particularly the propensity to technical and technological
innovation, as well as the ability to adapt to the changed conditions are,
as we know well, crucially dependent on the structure of the working
population. Hence, the author discusses regional differences in agricultural
population by age, sex, level of education and productivity to provide a
clear illustration of the impact of this element (indicator) on the
population as the factor of agricultural production. The results show
significant macroregional differences by this element with respect to the
average for Serbia.