A Simple PCR Assay for Discrimination of Dengue Vectors from Nsukka LGA, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Amos Watentena ◽  
Ikem Chris Okoye ◽  
Ikechukwu Eugene Onah ◽  
Onwude Cosmas Ogbonnaya ◽  
Emmanuel Ogudu
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Arboviral Diseases ◽  
Dengue Vectors

Mosquitoes of Aedes species are vectors of several arboviral diseases which continue to be a major public health problem in Nigeria. This study among other things, morphologically identified Aedes mosquitoes collected from Nsukka LGA and used an allele specific PCR amplification for discrimination of dengue vectors. Larval sampling, BG-sentinel traps and modified human landing catches were used for mosquito sampling in two selected autonomous communities of Nsukka LGA (Nsukka and Obimo). A total of 124 Aedes mosquitoes consisting of five (5) different species were collected from April to June, 2019 in a cross-sectional study that covered 126 households, under 76 distinct geographical coordinates. Larvae was mainly collected from plastic containers 73% (n=224), metallic containers 14% (n=43), earthen pots 9% (n=29) and used car tyres 3% (n=9), reared to adult stage 69.35% (n=86), and all mosquitoes were identified using standard morphological keys. Five (5) Aedes mosquito species were captured; Aedes aegypti 83(66.94%), Aedes albopictus 33(26.61%), Aedes simpsoni (4.48%), Aedes luteocephalus (≤1%) and Aedes vittatus (≤1%). Nsukka autonomous community had higher species diversity than Obimo. Allele specific amplification confirmed dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species on a 2% agarose gel. Since the most recent re-emergence of arboviral diseases is closely associated with Aedes species, findings of this study, therefore, give further evidence about the presence of potential arboviral vectors in Nigeria and describe the role of a simple PCR in discriminating some. Further entomological studies should integrate PCR assays in mosquito vector surveillance.

scholarly journals Gambaran indeks Maya pada rumah penderita demam berdarah dengue di Kelurahan Kombos Barat Kecamatan Singkil tahun 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan T. Sigarlaki ◽  
Victor D. Pijoh ◽  
Josef S.B. Tuda
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Short Time

Abstract: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a viral disease that can cause death within a very short time (a few days). The main vector of DHF is Aedes aegypti mosquito, whereas the potential vector is Aedes albopictus. In the context of prevention of DHF, environmental data associated with bionomics mosquito vector of DHF, the Maya Index, are needed. DHF is still a public health problem. And for the case that there is in the city of Manado in 2013, in this case in the district of Singkil, acquired as many as 43 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever. This study aimed to describe the Maya Index at the houses of dengue hemorrhagic fever patients in the village of West Kombos, Singkil districts. Maya Index is based on hygiene risk index (HRI) and breeding risk index (BRI). This was a descriptive study. Samples were houses of patients with DHF in 2015 from January to December. The results showed that there were four patients during the year 2015. Observation of the four houses and calculation of the data indicated that two houses were in low category of Maya Index, one house in medium category of Maya Index, and one house in high category of Maya Index. Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, Maya index Abstrak: Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit virus yang berbahaya karena dapat menyebabkan kematian dalam waktu yang sangat singkat (beberapa hari). Vektor utama DBD ialah nyamuk Aedes aegypti, sedangkan vektor potensialnya ialah Aedes albopictus. Dalam konteks penanggulangan DBD, juga diperlukan data lingkungan terkait dengan segi bionomik nyamuk vektor DBD, yaitu Indeks Maya. DBD masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di kota Manado. Pada tahun 2013, di Kecamatan Singkil didapatkan sebanyak 43 kasus DBD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran Indeks Maya pada rumah penderita DBD di Kelurahan Kombos Barat Kecamatan Singkil. Indeks Maya didasarkan pada hygiene risk index (HRI) dan breeding risk index (BRI). Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif. Sampel penelitian ialah rumah dari penderita DBD tahun 2015 sejak bulan Januari-Desember. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan empat penderita sepanjang tahun 2015 dan setelah dilakukan observasi ke rumah penderita dan perhitungan data didapatkan dua rumah masuk pada kategori Indeks Maya rendah, satu rumah masuk pada kategori Indeks Maya sedang, dan satu rumah masuk kategori Indeks Maya tinggi.Kata kunci: demam berdarah dengue, indeks Maya

scholarly journals Wing Geometry Analysis of Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae), a Dengue Vi-rus Vector, from Multiple Geographical Locations of Samut Songkhram, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanawat Chaiphongpachara ◽  
Nattapon Juijayen ◽  
Kitthisak Khlaeo Chansukh
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Wing Geometry ◽  
Living Organisms

Background: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a mosquito-borne disease and remains a major public health problem, especially in tropical and temperate countries. Studying wing morphometric of Aedes aegypti as a mosquito vector of DHF can help to better understand biological process of the mosquito adaptation to the environment. We aimed to study the geometric morphometric of Ae. aegypti from multiple geographical areas. Methods: Samples were collected from Samut Songkhram Province in Thailand, including coastal, residential and cultivated areas, by Ovitrap once per month during Oct to Nov 2016. Results: According to size variation analysis of Ae. aegypti, the female mosquito in a cultivated area was significant­ly different from those in the coastal and residential areas (P< 0.05). Whereas male Ae. aegypti in a cultivated area were significantly different from those in a residential area (P< 0.05). The shape variation of both female and male Ae. aegypti from all areas was statistically different (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Normally, living organisms, including mosquitoes, are adapted to their environment. The studied geo­graphical locations affect Ae. aegypti morphology.

Attraction of the Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) to a 3-Part Phytochemical Blend in a Mesocosm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P Hutcheson ◽  
Babak Ebrahimi ◽  
Basilio N Njiru ◽  
Woodbridge A Foster ◽  
William Jany
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Population Surveillance ◽  
Anopheline Mosquito ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Ratio Of Components

Abstract Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) mosquitoes of both sexes were attracted to a 3-part volatile synthetic phytochemical blend but differed according to their component ratios, 7:3:2 or 1:1:1, and their initial concentrations. These arbovirus vectors were presented with the blends as baits in paired baited and blank CFG traps in a large greenhouse mesocosm. Ae. aegypti attraction was highest at a 7:3:2 blend ratio, but at a concentration half that found most effective for an anopheline mosquito species in outdoor screenhouses. Both lower and higher concentrations yielded substantially lower attraction scores for Ae. aegypti. By contrast, the few tests conducted on Ae. albopictus showed that it was not as sensitive to concentration, but again it was more responsive to the 7:3:2 ratio of components than to the 1:1:1 ratio. The two sexes of both species were represented equally in the trap catches, indicating the potential value of this and similar attractive blends for population surveillance and control of Aedes mosquitoes.

scholarly journals Oviposition Habitat Selection of Dengue Vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Response to Fish Predator

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Fatma Zuharah ◽  
◽  
Nik Fadzly ◽  
Wilson Kang Wei Ong ◽  
Zarul Hazrin Hashim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Fish Predator ◽  
Dengue Vectors ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Chikungunya: epidemiology

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyle R. Petersen ◽  
Ann M. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Temperate Climates

Chikungunya virus is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes fever and debilitating joint pains in humans. Joint pains may last months or years. It is vectored primarily by the tropical and sub-tropical mosquito, Aedes aegypti, but is also found to be transmitted by Aedes albopictus, a mosquito species that can also be found in more temperate climates. In recent years, the virus has risen from relative obscurity to become a global public health menace affecting millions of persons throughout the tropical and sub-tropical world and, as such, has also become a frequent cause of travel-associated febrile illness. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the biological and sociological underpinnings of its emergence and its future global outlook.

scholarly journals Incidência das Formas Imaturas de Aedes albopictus (Skuse) e Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) no Município de Miguel Pereira, RJ, Brasil

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Moreira Barbosa ◽  
William Costa Rodrigues ◽  
Marise Maleck de Oliveira Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
Immature Form ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Janeiro State

A presença de Aedes albopictus (Skuse) em área urbana representa um risco potencial do inter-relacionamento dessa espécie de mosquito com a população. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as formas imaturas de Ae. albopictus encontradas nos depósitos e imóveis do município de Miguel Pereira. O estudo foi realizado no período de 12 meses, ano de 2007, em 27 locais do município de Miguel Pereira, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. As larvas encontradas foram identificadas em laboratório e a análise dos dados foi calculada pelos índices de infestação predial e índice de Breteau. Os tipos de imóveis positivos foram residências (79,44% do total); terrenos baldios (2,56%); comércios (2,56%) e outros tipos de imóveis (15,04%) para Ae. albopictus, e residências (72,72% do total); comércios (6,06%); terrenos baldios (3,03%); e outros tipos de imóveis (18,18%) para Aedes aegypti (L.). Das 3731 larvas, 3562 (95,5%) eram de Ae. albopictus e 169 (4,5%) de Ae. aegypti. O mosquito Ae. albopictus mostrou-se mais presente nos criadouros que Ae. aegypti. A média do índice de infestação predial (IFP) e índice de Breteau (IB) para Ae. albopictus foi 1,0 e 1,9 e para Ae. aegypti de 0,1 e 0,1, respectivamente. As formas imaturas mais abundantemente encontradas no Município de Miguel Pereira no ano de 2007 foram de Ae. albopictus podendo futuramente se tornar um problema de saúde pública. Incidence of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) Immature Form in Miguel Pereira, RJ, Brazil. Abstract. The presence of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in urban areas represents a potential risk of inter-relationship of this species of mosquito with the population. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of the Ae. albopictus immature forms in deposits and building at Miguel Pereira city, Rio de Janeiro State. The study was carried in the last 12 months, 2007, in 27 locations in Miguel Pereira city. The larvae were identified in laboratory and data analysis was calculated by indicators of building infestation index and the Breteau index. The positive buildings were: residential (79.44% of total); waste land (2.56%), shopping (2.56%) and other types of buildings (15.04%) to Ae. albopictus, and homes (72.72% of total), shopping (6.06%); waste land (3.03%) and other types of buildings (18.18%) to Ae. aegypti (L.). The larvae (3731) collected, 3562 (95.5%) were Ae. albopictus and 169 (4.5%) were Ae. aegypti. The Ae. albopictus are more present in breeding that Ae. aegypti. The average rate of building infestation index (IFP) and Breteau index (IB) for Ae. albopictus was 1.0 and 1.9 and for Ae. aegypti was 0.1 and 0.1, respectively. The Ae. albopictus immature larvae forms were more abundantly found in the Miguel Pereira city in 2007; in future it may become a public health problem.

scholarly journals Wolbachia strain wAu efficiently blocks arbovirus transmission in Aedes albopictus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vittoria Mancini ◽  
Christie S. Herd ◽  
Thomas H. Ant ◽  
Shivan M. Murdochy ◽  
Steven P. Sinkins
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Asian Tiger Mosquito ◽  
Native Strain ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Tiger Mosquito

AbstractThe global incidence of arboviral diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, including dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika, has increased dramatically in recent decades. The release of Aedes aegypti carrying the maternally inherited symbiont Wolbachia as an intervention to control arboviruses is being trialled in several countries. However, these efforts are compromised in many endemic regions due to the co-localization of the secondary vector Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito. Ae. albopictus has an expanding global distribution following incursions into a number of new territories. To date, only the wMel and wPip strains of Wolbachia have been reported to be transferred into and characterized in this vector. A Wolbachia strain naturally infecting Drosophila simulans, wAu, was selected for transfer into a Malaysian Ae. albopictus line to create a novel triple-strain infection. The newly generated line showed self-compatibility, moderate fitness cost and complete resistance to Zika and dengue infections.Author summaryAedes albopictus, the invasive Asian tiger mosquito, is responsible for numerous outbreaks of important viruses such as dengue and Zika in various regions of the world. The need for alterative control interventions propelled the development of a novel approach that exploits a natural insect symbiont, Wolbachia; when transferred into non-native hosts, these maternally-inherited bacteria are able to interfere with the transmission of mosquito-borne viruses, and also provide reproductive advantages to the host, offering a promising tool for self-sustaining field applications. Currently, several field trials are ongoing for the primary vector of dengue and several other arboviruses, Aedes aegypti, providing encouraging results. In this study, Ae. albopictus has been targeted for a similar approach: this mosquito species naturally carries two strains of Wolbachia. The artificial introduction of a third, non-native strain made this line less able to transmit dengue and Zika viruses and had an impact on its fitness.

scholarly journals KEPADATAN NYAMUK DEWASA Aedes Sp DI KELURAHAN MALALAYANG I KECAMATAN MALALAYANG MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – PEBRUARI 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janno B. B. Bernadus ◽  
Victor D. Pijoh ◽  
Venny Kareth
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Culex Sp

Abstract: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has become a public health problem in Indonesia because of its high prevalence and ability to spread more widely. In North Sulawesi itself Case Fatality Rate of carrying dengue is increasing from year to year. The local village Malalayang has a high potential for spreading this disease. The result of an  entomology survey on adult mosquitos showed that Aedes sp was found in 40 houses of 80 house samples. From these 40 houses we got 71 mosquito samples. From these 71 samples tested and identified, we found three species: Aedes aegypti (30 samples, 42.25%), Aedes albopictus (22 samples, 30.99%), and Culex sp (19 samples, 26.76%). Mosquito density can be seen from the indices of the resting rates, which were 0.375 for Aedes aegypti, 0.275 for Aedes albopictus, and 0.65 for Aedes sp. Key words: density, adult mosquito, Aedes sp., resting rate.   Abstrak: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia karena prevalensinya yang tinggi dan penyebarannya semakin luas. Di Sulawesi Utara, Case Fatality Rate penyakit DBD tercatat terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Kelurahan Malalayang I merupakan daerah yang potensial sebagai daerah penyebaran DBD. Survei entomologi terhadap nyamuk dewasa Aedes sp pada 80 rumah  memperlihatkan bahwa 40 diantaranya terdapat 71 sampel nyamuk. Setelah diperiksa dan diidentifikasi ternyata ditemukan tiga spesies yaitu Aedes aegypti 30 sampel (42,25%), Aedes albopictus 22 sampel (30,99%) dan Culex sp 19 (26,76%). Kepadatan nyamuk  dapat dilihat  dari angka indeks  pada resting rate yaitu Aedes aegypti = 0,375 , Aedes albopictus = 0,275 dan  Aedes sp.= 0,65. Kata kunci:  kepadatan, nyamuk dewasa, Aedes sp., resting rate.

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