scholarly journals Role of Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome protein in translation machinery and cell chemotaxis: a comparative genomics approach

2011 ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Vasieva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Translation Machinery ◽  
Syndrome Protein ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

scholarly journals A Role of the Lowe Syndrome Protein OCRL in Early Steps of the Endocytic Pathway

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai S. Erdmann ◽  
Yuxin Mao ◽  
Heather J. McCrea ◽  
Roberto Zoncu ◽  
Sangyoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endocytic Pathway ◽  
Lowe Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Protein

The transmembrane adaptor protein NTAL limits mast cell chemotaxis toward prostaglandin E2

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (556) ◽  
pp. eaao4354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Halova ◽  
Monika Bambouskova ◽  
Lubica Draberova ◽  
Viktor Bugajev ◽  
Petr Draber
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Adaptor Protein ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

Chemotaxis of mast cells is one of the crucial steps in their development and function. Non–T cell activation linker (NTAL) is a transmembrane adaptor protein that inhibits the activation of mast cells and B cells in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Here, we studied the role of NTAL in the migration of mouse mast cells stimulated by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Although PGE2 does not induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of NTAL, unlike IgE immune complex antigens, we found that loss of NTAL increased the chemotaxis of mast cells toward PGE2. Stimulation of mast cells that lacked NTAL with PGE2 enhanced the phosphorylation of AKT and the production of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. In resting NTAL-deficient mast cells, phosphorylation of an inhibitory threonine in ERM family proteins accompanied increased activation of β1-containing integrins, which are features often associated with increased invasiveness in tumors. Rescue experiments indicated that only full-length, wild-type NTAL restored the chemotaxis of NTAL-deficient cells toward PGE2. Together, these data suggest that NTAL is a key inhibitor of mast cell chemotaxis toward PGE2, which may act through the RHOA/ERM/β1-integrin and PI3K/AKT axes.

A-kinase-anchoring proteins and cytoskeletal signalling events

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Anchoring Proteins ◽  
Syndrome Protein ◽  
Kinase A

Targeting of protein kinases and phosphatases to the cytoskeleton enhances the regulation of many signalling events. Cytoskeletal signalling complexes facilitate this process by optimizing the relay of messages from membrane receptors to specific sites on the actin cytoskeleton. These signals influence fundamental cell properties such as shape, movement and division. Targeting of the cAMP-dependent kinase (protein kinase A) and other enzymes to this compartment is achieved through interaction with A-kinase-anchoring proteins (AKAPs). The present paper discusses recent progress on dissecting the biological role of WAVE1 (Wiskott–Alrich syndrome protein family verprolin homology protein 1), an AKAP that assembles a cytoskeletal transduction complex in response to signals that emanate from the low-molecular-mass GTPase, Rac.

scholarly journals NKG2D- and CD28-mediated costimulation regulate CD8+ T cell chemotaxis through different mechanisms: the role of Cdc42/N-WASp

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Serrano-Pertierra ◽  
Eva Cernuda-Morollón ◽  
Carlos López-Larrea
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

scholarly journals The Werner Syndrome Helicase Coordinates Sequential Strand Displacement and FEN1-Mediated Flap Cleavage during Polymerase δ Elongation

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baomin Li ◽  
Sita Reddy ◽  
Lucio Comai
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Werner Syndrome ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Cooperative Interaction ◽  
Strand Displacement ◽  
Winged Helix ◽  
Werner Syndrome Protein ◽  
Syndrome Protein ◽  
Lagging Strand

ABSTRACT The Werner syndrome protein (WRN) suppresses the loss of telomeres replicated by lagging-strand synthesis by a yet to be defined mechanism. Here, we show that whereas either WRN or the Bloom syndrome helicase (BLM) stimulates DNA polymerase δ progression across telomeric G-rich repeats, only WRN promotes sequential strand displacement synthesis and FEN1 cleavage, a critical step in Okazaki fragment maturation, at these sequences. Helicase activity, as well as the conserved winged-helix (WH) motif and the helicase and RNase D C-terminal (HRDC) domain play important but distinct roles in this process. Remarkably, WRN also influences the formation of FEN1 cleavage products during strand displacement on a nontelomeric substrate, suggesting that WRN recruitment and cooperative interaction with FEN1 during lagging-strand synthesis may serve to regulate sequential strand displacement and flap cleavage at other genomic sites. These findings define a biochemical context for the physiological role of WRN in maintaining genetic stability.

scholarly journals The role of p38 MAPK in neutrophil functions: single cell chemotaxis and surface marker expression

The Analyst ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 138 (22) ◽  
pp. 6826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghyuk Kim ◽  
Christy L. Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Surface Marker ◽  
Surface Marker Expression ◽  
Marker Expression ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

Transcriptomic analysis of equine placenta reveals key regulators and pathways involved in ascending placentitis†

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam El-Sheikh Ali ◽  
Pouya Dini ◽  
Kirsten Scoggin ◽  
Shavahn Loux ◽  
Carleigh Fedorka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Upstream Regulator ◽  
Placental Inflammation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

Abstract Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ascending equine placentitis holds the potential for the development of new diagnostic tools and therapies to forestall placentitis-induced preterm labor. The current study characterized the equine placental transcriptome (chorioallantois [CA] and endometrium [EN]) during placentitis (placentitis group, n = 6) in comparison to gestationally-matched controls (control group, n = 6). Transcriptome analysis identified 2953 and 805 differentially expressed genes in CA and EN during placentitis, respectively. Upstream regulator analysis revealed the central role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in triggering the inflammatory signaling, and consequent immune-cell chemotaxis. Placentitis was associated with the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP2, and MMP9) and apoptosis-related genes such as caspases (CASP3, CASP4, and CASP7) in CA. Also, placentitis was associated with downregulation of transcripts coding for proteins essential for placental steroidogenesis (SRD5A1 and AKR1C1), progestin signaling (PGRMC1 and PXR) angiogenesis (VEGFA, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3), and nutrient transport (GLUT12 and SLC1A4), as well as upregulation of hypoxia-related genes (HIF1A and EGLN3), which could explain placental insufficiency during placentitis. Placentitis was also associated with aberrant expression of several placenta-regulatory genes, such as PLAC8, PAPPA, LGALS1, ABCG2, GCM1, and TEPP, which could negatively affect placental functions. In conclusion, our findings revealed for the first time the key regulators and mechanisms underlying placental inflammation, separation, and insufficiency during equine placentitis, which might lead to the development of efficacious therapies or diagnostic aids by targeting the key molecular pathways.

scholarly journals In Planta Colonization and Role of T6SS in Two Rice Kosakonia Endophytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Mosquito ◽  
Iris Bertani ◽  
Danilo Licastro ◽  
Stéphane Compant ◽  
Michael P. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Root Cortex ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Colonization Ability ◽  
Secretory System ◽  
Secretome Profiling

Endophytes live inside plants and are often beneficial. Kosakonia is a novel bacterial genus that includes many diazotrophic plant-associated isolates. Plant–bacteria studies on two rice endophytic Kosakonia beneficial strains were performed, including comparative genomics, secretome profiling, in planta tests, and a field release trial. The strains are efficient rhizoplane and root endosphere colonizers and localized in the root cortex. Secretomics revealed 144 putative secreted proteins, including type VI secretory system (T6SS) proteins. A Kosakonia T6SS genomic knock-out mutant showed a significant decrease in rhizoplane and endosphere colonization ability. A field trial using rice seed inoculated with Kosakonia spp. showed no effect on plant growth promotion upon nitrogen stress and microbiome studies revealed that Kosakonia spp. were significantly more present in the inoculated rice. Comparative genomics indicated that several protein domains were enriched in plant-associated Kosakonia spp. This study highlights that Kosakonia is an important, recently classified genus involved in plant–bacteria interaction.

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