scholarly journals Association of Serum Nonesterified Fatty Acids with Cardiovascular Event in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 2033-2040
Author(s):  
Chentang Wu ◽  
Xueyun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability and Long Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Haemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2453
Author(s):  
Ana M Pinto ◽  
Helen L MacLaughlin ◽  
Wendy L Hall
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Long Chain

Low heart rate variability (HRV) is independently associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and all cardiac death in haemodialysis patients. Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) may exert anti-arrhythmic effects. This study aimed to investigate relationships between dialysis, sleep and 24 h HRV and LC n-3 PUFA status in patients who have recently commenced haemodialysis. A cross-sectional study was conducted in adults aged 40–80 with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 (n = 45, mean age 58, SD 9, 20 females and 25 males, 39% with type 2 diabetes). Pre-dialysis blood samples were taken to measure erythrocyte and plasma fatty acid composition (wt % fatty acids). Mean erythrocyte omega-3 index was not associated with HRV following adjustment for age, BMI and use of β-blocker medication. Higher ratios of erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were associated with lower 24 h vagally-mediated beat-to-beat HRV parameters. Higher plasma EPA and docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-3) were also associated with lower sleep-time and 24 h beat-to-beat variability. In contrast, higher plasma EPA was significantly related to higher overall and longer phase components of 24 h HRV. Further investigation is required to investigate whether patients commencing haemodialysis may have compromised conversion of EPA to DHA, which may impair vagally-mediated regulation of cardiac autonomic function, increasing risk of SCD.

scholarly journals Lipid Accumulation and Chronic Kidney Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibo Gai ◽  
Tianqi Wang ◽  
Michele Visentin ◽  
Gerd Kullak-Ublick ◽  
Xianjun Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Fatty Acid Transport ◽  
Acid Uptake

Obesity and hyperlipidemia are the most prevalent independent risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD), suggesting that lipid accumulation in the renal parenchyma is detrimental to renal function. Non-esterified fatty acids (also known as free fatty acids, FFA) are especially harmful to the kidneys. A concerted, increased FFA uptake due to high fat diets, overexpression of fatty acid uptake systems such as the CD36 scavenger receptor and the fatty acid transport proteins, and a reduced β-oxidation rate underlie the intracellular lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues. FFAs in excess can damage podocytes, proximal tubular epithelial cells and the tubulointerstitial tissue through various mechanisms, in particular by boosting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, promoting mitochondrial damage and tissue inflammation, which result in glomerular and tubular lesions. Not all lipids are bad for the kidneys: polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) seem to help lag the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lifestyle interventions, especially dietary adjustments, and lipid-lowering drugs can contribute to improve the clinical outcome of patients with CKD.

Quantitative reduction in short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, contributes to the progression of chronic kidney disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (17) ◽  
pp. 1857-1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Dan Lv ◽  
Shuanghong Jiang ◽  
Jianpin Jiang ◽  
Min Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Ckd Progression ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10–15% of the population worldwide, results in high morbidity and mortality, and requires costly treatment and renal replacement therapy. Glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and persistent intestinal flora disturbance are common in CKD. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by the intestinal microbiota, have been previously reported to ameliorate kidney injury; however, the specific concentrations and types that are required to improve renal function remain unknown. The present study aims to evaluate the levels of SCFAs in healthy and CKD patients, and to test the hypothesis that SCFAs play a critical role in delaying CKD progression. One hundred and twenty-seven patients with CKD and 63 healthy controls from China were enrolled in the present study. Butyrate, which is considered beneficial to humans, was almost three-times higher in healthy volunteers than that in CKD5 subjects (P=0.001). Moreover, the serum SCFA levels in controls were significantly higher than that in CKD patients (P<0.05), and the butyrate level among CKD5 patients (1.48 ± 0.60 μmol/l) was less than half of that in controls (3.44 ± 2.12 μmol/l, P<0.001). In addition, we observed an inverse correlation between butyrate level and renal function (P<0.05). A CKD rat model transplanted with microbiota obtained from CKD patients exhibited accelerated CKD progression via increased production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), which was reversed by supplementation with extra butyrate. Our results showed that SCFA levels were reduced in CKD patients and that butyrate supplementation might delay CKD progression.

scholarly journals Chronic treatment of curcumin improves hepatic lipid metabolism and alleviates the renal damage in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease in Sprague-Dawley rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardik Ghelani ◽  
Valentina Razmovski-Naumovski ◽  
Dennis Chang ◽  
Srinivas Nammi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD), including nephrotic syndrome, is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The literature indicates that CKD is associated with profound lipid disorders due to the dysregulation of lipoprotein metabolism which progresses kidney disease. The objective of this study is to evaluate the protective effects of curcumin on dyslipidaemia associated with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease in rats. Methods Male SD rats (n = 29) were divided into 5 groups for 24 days: normal control (n = 5, normal diet), CKD control (n = 6, 0.75% w/w adenine-supplemented diet), CUR 50 (n = 6, 50 mg/kg/day curcumin + 0.75% w/w adenine-supplemented diet), CUR 100 (n = 6, 100 mg/kg/day curcumin + 0.75% w/w adenine-supplemented diet), and CUR 150 (n = 6, 150 mg/kg/day curcumin + 0.75% w/w adenine-supplemented diet). The serum and tissue lipid profile, as well as the kidney function test, were measured using commercial diagnostic kits. Results The marked rise in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids in serum, as well as hepatic cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acids of CKD control rats were significantly protected by curcumin co-treatment (at the dose of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg). Furthermore, curcumin significantly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol compared to the CKD control rats but did not attenuate the CKD-induced weight retardation. Mathematical computational analysis revealed that curcumin significantly reduced indicators for the risk of atherosclerotic lesions (atherogenic index) and coronary atherogenesis (coronary risk index). In addition, curcumin improved kidney function as shown by the reduction in proteinuria and improvement in creatinine clearance. Conclusion The results provide new scientific evidence for the use of curcumin in CKD-associated dyslipidaemia and substantiates the traditional use of curcumin in preventing kidney damage.

scholarly journals SP291NON-ESTERIFIED FATTY ACIDS AND CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN ELDERLY MEN WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. iii476-iii476
Author(s):  
Hong Xu ◽  
Zibo Xiong ◽  
Xiaoyan Huang ◽  
Johan Ärnlöv ◽  
Abdul Rashid Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

scholarly journals P382Factors related to cardiovascular event after two years of follow-up of stage 3 chronic kidney disease patient's

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S97-S97
Author(s):  
Y Rivero Viera ◽  
N Esparza Martin ◽  
S Suria Gonzalez ◽  
E Bosch Benitez-Parodi ◽  
R Guerra Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Event

scholarly journals Kidneys and microbiota

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Zh. Semydotska ◽  
I. Chernyakova ◽  
O. Avdeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

 The review article analyzes the results of studies of the bi-directional relationship of the intestinal microbiota and kidneys, the so-called colorenal interactive axis of interaction.  The intestinal microbiota is considered as a kind of organ that influences the brain, cardiovascular and immune systems, as well as the kidneys of the "host".  Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) formed in the colon as the result of microbial metabolism from plant components of dietary fiber and acting as ligands for the olfactory receptor, paired G-proteins in the kidneys are recognized as the markers of this symbiosis.  With the help of modern omix technologies, the development of dysbiosis taking into account patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been proved, which leads to the accumulation of precursors of uremic toxins, a decrease in the production of SCFA, which have nephroprotective properties and play a key role in energy homeostasis.  Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in CKD, an increase in the content of uremic toxins in the intestinal lumen contribute to the appearance of the “leaky” intestinal barrier syndrome, the movement of bacteria from the intestine into the general circulation, the development of systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, comorbidity, the progression of CKD, and an increase in mortality. Diets with restriction of protein and potassium quotas, violation of nutritional status lead to the development of dysbiosis in CKD.  A decrease in the diet of vegetables and fruit causes the expansion of bacteria producing uricase and urease, which are enzymes in the formation of uremic toxins and reduce the number and variety of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids.  Potential targeted effects on the axis of “intestinal microbiota - chronic kidney disease” are being discussed: the use of a diet enriched in plant fibers, heat-treated, then chilled potatoes and rice as prebiotics (sources of resistant starch), nuts, plant seeds, and pro-, pre-, synbiotics, fecal transplantation.  Most of the proposed interventions in the structure and functions of the microbiota are not dangerous, side effects are minimal.

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