scholarly journals SEROPREVALENCE OF COXIELLA BURNETII IN BULK TANK MILKSAMPLES OFFERED FOR SALE IN ERZURUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 464-466
Author(s):  
Berna Yanmaz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Sample ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Bulk Tank

Coxiellaburnetii is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium that causes Q fever in humans. Detection of Coxiellaburnetii in raw milk sample is accomplished by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. This study was aimed to determine the seroprevalence of coxiellaburnetii in bulk tank milk samples of 24 cattle and 8 goats, which were offered for sale in Erzurum, Turkey. Moreover, pH values were also measured to detect possible relation with pH value and C. burnetiiseropositivity of milk sample. C. burnetii was found positive in 16 (66.7%) of the 24 cattle bulk tank milk samples, and 1 (12.5%) of the 8 goat milk. No statistically significant relation was observed between pH values and positivity of cattle bulk tank milk samples. In conclusion, seropositivity of the milk samples were very high in Erzurum, Turkey. The raw milk sold in local market may cause shedding of Q fever. Therefore, the raw milk should be subjected to heat treatment before consumption to prevent possible transmission of Q fever disease.

scholarly journals Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in bulk tank milk in relation to raw milk quality

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Åkerstedt ◽  
Karin Persson Waller ◽  
Åse Sternesjö
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

The aim of the present study was to evaluate relationships between the presence of the two major bovine acute phase proteins haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) and raw milk quality parameters in bulk tank milk samples. Hp and SAA have been suggested as specific markers of mastitis but recently also as markers for raw milk quality. Since mastitis has detrimental effects on milk quality, it is important to investigate whether the presence of Hp or SAA indicates such changes in the composition and properties of the milk. Bulk tank milk samples (n=91) were analysed for Hp, SAA, total protein, casein, whey protein, proteolysis, fat, lactose, somatic cell count and coagulating properties. Samples with detectable levels of Hp had lower casein content, casein number and lactose content, but higher proteolysis than samples without Hp. Samples with detectable levels of SAA had lower casein number and lactose content, but higher whey protein content than samples without SAA. The presence of acute phase proteins in bulk tank milk is suggested as an indicator for unfavourable changes in the milk composition, e.g. protein quality, due to udder health disturbances, with economical implications for the dairy industry.

scholarly journals Climate conditions associated with the occurrence of antimicrobial and macrocyclic lactone residues in bulk tank milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-482
Author(s):  
L.C.A. Picinin ◽  
I.M. Toaldo ◽  
R.B. Hoff ◽  
F.N. Souza ◽  
M.O. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macrocyclic Lactone ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Residues ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Bulk Tank

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to identify the climate condition parameters that are associated with the occurrence of antimicrobial and macrocyclic lactone residues in bulk tank milk using a multivariate principal components analysis (PCA). A total of 132 raw milk samples were collected at dairy farms in Minas Gerais State in Brazil and analyzed for 35 analytes, comprising macrocyclic lactones and antibacterials, using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in tandem mode spectrometry. Of the 132 samples, 34 (25.76%) bulk tank milk samples were positive for at least one analyte. PCA showed that antimicrobial residues in bulk tank milk occurred less frequently on days with a higher average temperature, maximum temperature and temperature-humidity index. In contrast, relative humidity was inversely associated with antimicrobial residues in raw milk. The PCA showed that daily milk production was also related to macrocyclic lactone residues, while rainfall showed an inverse association. Thus, some climate conditions, such as average temperature, maximum temperature and temperature-humidity index, can predict the moments with lower risk of occurrence of antimicrobial residues in bulk tank milk, in contrast to relative humidity. Furthermore, the risk of macrocyclic lactone residues in bulk tank milk was higher in months with less rainfall.

scholarly journals Arcobacter spp. in raw milk from vending machines in Piedmont and occurrence of virulence genes in isolates

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaranta Traversa ◽  
Silvia Gallina ◽  
Francesca Martucci ◽  
Cvetelina Boteva ◽  
Elisa Baioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
P Type

Arcobacter spp. has been recognized as an emerging foodborne pathogen and a hazard to human health. In the dairy chain, it has been isolated from different sources, nevertheless data on Arcobacter occurrence in raw milk provided by vending machines are few. This study aimed to identify potentially pathogenic Arcobacter spp. in raw milk intended for human consumption sold through vending machines located in Piedmont. In an 8-month period, 37 raw milk samples were collected from 24 dairy farms: 12 (32,4%) were collected directly in farm from bulk tank milk and 25 (67,6%) from vending machines. Eight (21,6%) out of the 37 milk samples and 7 (29,2%) out of the 24 dairy farms were positive for Arcobacter spp. by culture examination. Four (16%) out of the 25 samples from vending machines and 4 (33,3%) out of the 12 samples from bulk tank milk were positive. All 8 isolates were identified as A. butzleri both by MALDI-TOF MS and multiplex end-point PCR. According to the detection of virulence genes, a total of four Patho-types were highlighted: 5 isolates in P-type 1 and only one isolate for each of the P-types 2-3-4. A. butzleri isolates carrying encoding virulence factors genes were isolated from raw milk intended for human consumption: these findings strengthen the compulsory consumption after boiling as required by current legislation and suggest the need of enlarging the analytical investigations to other microorganisms not yet included in the food safety criteria.

scholarly journals Climate conditions associated with the occurrence of pyrethroid residues in bulk milk tank

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1721-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C.A. Picinin ◽  
I.M. Toaldo ◽  
R.B. Hoff ◽  
F.N. Souza ◽  
M.O. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Electron Capture Detection ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Bulk Milk Tank

ABSTRACT The present study attempted to identify climate conditions that are associated with the occurrence of pyrethroid residues using a multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). A total of 132 raw milk samples were collected from dairy farms in Minas Gerais State - Brazil and analyzed for seven analytes using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Of the 132 milk samples, pyrethroid residues were identified in 14 (10.6%) milk samples, of which 12 (9.1%) and two (1.5%) milk samples had the identification of cypermethrin and deltamethrin, respectively. From those samples, nine (6.8%) milk samples were regarded as non-compliant for cypermethrin with this analyte concentration above the maximum residue limits set by Brazilian legislation. A PCA assessing pyrethroid residues in bulk tank milk demonstrated that the average temperature and the Temperature-Humidity Index were associated with pyrethroids residues in bulk milk tank, although the relative humidity was inversely correlated. Thus, the data analysis indicated that the pyrethrid residues associated with some climate conditions can predict the moments with higher risk of occurrence of pyrethroid residues in bulk tank milk.

scholarly journals Determination of the occurrence of plasmid virulence genes (spv) and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella strains isolated from raw milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGNIESZKA WISZNIEWSKA-ŁASZCZYCH ◽  
BARBARA ZDRODOWSKA ◽  
BEATA WYSOK ◽  
JOANNA SZTEYN ◽  
KATARZYNA LIEDTKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

The aim of the study was to measure the frequency of occurrence of Salmonella spp. in raw milk, to identify their serotype, as well as to determine their antibiotic resistance and the presence of Salmonella plasmid virulence (spv) genes. Out of 300 bulk tank milk samples, 5.3% were contaminated with Salmonella spp. All strains isolated belonged to the serovar S enteritidis, as confirmed by serotyping and molecular methods. The presence of spv genes was determined by PCR. Spv genes were present, in different patterns, in all strains tested. SpvA gene was present in all isolates (100%), spvB in 56.25%, spvC in 62.5%, spvD in 75%, and spvR in 56.25%. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated according to the NCCLS recommendations. All isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin (CIP), gentamicin (GE), and chloramphenicol (CH). Thirteen strains were resistant to ampicillin (AMP), 8 to erythromycin (E), 1 to doxycycline (DO), and 1 to tetracycline (TE). Different frequency of occurrence of the spv genes in Salmonella strains isolated from raw milk demonstrates their high adaptability. As many as 87.5% of isolates showed resistance to at least one of the antibiotics tested....

scholarly journals Coagulase-negative staphylococci in ewe udder surface and raw milk samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Andualem Tonamo ◽  
István Komlósi ◽  
Flóra Mária Petróczki ◽  
Ferenc Peles
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Staphylococcus Simulans

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are among the major causes of subclinical mastitis in dairy ewe flocks. This has a financially significant impact on the ewe dairy sector and consumer health. The determination of the bacterial count, particularly CNS, is critical in terms of the quantity and quality of ovine milk. Thus, the purpose of this study was to quantify the CNS count in the udder surface and raw milk samples of the ewe, in addition to identifying CNS strains (n=8) collected from udder surface and individual raw milk samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 164 samples of udder surface and raw milk originated from four sheep farms were tested. The obtained values were compared between the different farms. Furthermore, values during 2018 and 2019 in the case of Farm I were compared. Significantly higher (p<0.05) average count was observed in udder surface samples taken from Farm I (2.8±1.0 lg CFU/cm2) than that of Farm III samples (2.3±0.6 lg CFU/cm2). In the case of individual raw milk, the higher value was observed in samples derived from Farm III (3.5±0.9 lg CFU/mL), while the obtained value was significantly lower (p<0.05) in samples originated from Farm IV (1.8±0.4 lg CFU/mL). In the bulk tank milk samples, the highest mean value was 5.3±0.4 CFU/mL, and there was no significant (p>0.05) variation between farms. Coagulase-negative staphylococci counts were decreased to a certain extent in both sample types tested during 2019 except for individual raw milk derived from the Tsigai breed. The correlation between the mean CNS counts of udder surface and individual raw milk was very weak (r=0.048). Staphylococcus simulans, Staphylococcus auricularis, and Staphylococcus equorum were identified by molecular sequencing and Staphylococcus simulans were the most frequently identified CNS species. A higher CNS count of bulk tank milk than individual raw milk indicates possible contamination during milking and storage. Therefore, further studies are required to investigate the other sources of bulk tank milk contamination to improve the hygienic quality of milk.

Detection of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Bulk Tank Milk

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK MITCHELL ◽  
BOB BODKIN ◽  
JIM MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Technical Ability ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Bulk Tank

A total of 100 raw bulk tank milk samples were tested using both the Delvotest-P agar diffusion test and the Delvo-X-Press enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for beta-lactam antibiotics. Samples were spiked with various levels of different beta-lactams and detection levels were compared to the manufacturer's reported sensitivities and safe levels currently published for raw milk in Canada's Food and Drugs Regulations. In all cases, both tests met or exceeded the reported test sensitivities and all currently published safe levels, with the exception of cloxacillin on the Delvo-X-Press test only. Current safe levels for cloxacillin are 30 ng/ml; this test only detected levels of 70 ng/ml, despite the manufacturer's claim of 50 ng/ml. No false-positive or -negative samples were found using either test method. Both tests were easy to perform, but the Delvo-X-Press required more technical ability. In view of the decreased detection time offered by the Delvo-X-Press (10 min) (Delvotest-P, 2.5 h) and the test's simplicity, this test should be considered as a screening test on the dairy loading dock before milk is accepted into the plant. In addition, the Delvo-X-Press offers an increased shelf life compared with other ELISA tests, because of the separate packaging for test reagents, which is certainly advantageous for infrequent testing.

Occurrence and characterization of ciprofloxacin‐resistant Escherichia coli from bovine and ovine bulk tank milk samples in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemil Kürekci ◽  
Muhsin Aydın ◽  
İbrahim Ozan Tekeli ◽  
Pınar Ambarcıoğlu ◽  
Seydi Ahmet Şengül ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in Cattle Bulk Tank Milk in Cyprus and Relations with Somatic Cell Counts

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Maria Liapi ◽  
George Botsaris ◽  
Costas Arsenoglou ◽  
Nikolas Markantonis ◽  
Christodoulos Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Tank

One hundred and seventy-seven (177) bulk tank milk samples were analyzed with a commercially available real-time polymerase chain reaction kit and 11 (6.21%), 41 (23.16%), and 58 (32.77%) tested positive for Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between the presence of S. aureus and S. agalactiae. Enumeration of somatic cells was performed in the same samples by flow cytometry. The somatic cell counts were found higher in S. aureus and S. agalactiae positive samples. No association was found between M. bovis presence and somatic cells counts. Low internal assay control Ct values were found to be related with high somatic cell counts. Noticeably, this is the first report for the presence of M. bovis in Cyprus. Therefore, its presence was confirmed by bulk tank milk culture, conventional PCR, and next generation sequencing. Furthermore, M. bovis was typed with multilocus sequencing typing and was allocated to sequence type 29 (ST 29). Real-time PCR in bulk tank milk samples is a useful tool to detect mammary infections, especially for neglected pathogens such as M. bovis.

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