scholarly journals Gas exchanges in sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) subjected to salinity stress and nitrogen fertilization

2019 ◽  
pp. 1959-1966
Author(s):  
Francisco Romário Andrade Figueiredo ◽  
Anderson Carlos de Melo Gonçalves ◽  
João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Toshik Iarley da Silva ◽  
Jackson Silva Nóbrega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chlorophyll Content And Fluorescence ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Salinity Levels

Salinity is one of the modern agriculture major obstacles, causing several physiological disturbances in plants, adversely affecting its growth and development. Therefore, some techniques are required in order to alleviate the negative effects of salinity stress on plants, as for example an adequate nitrogen fertilization. The aim of this study was to assess the ecophysiological responses of sugar apple plants (Annona squamosa L.) submitted to different salinity levels and nitrogen fertilization doses. The experimental design was a randomized block in an incomplete factorial scheme, with five electrical conductivities of the irrigation water (ECw: 0.5, 1.01, 2.25, 3.49 and 4.0 dS m-1) and five nitrogen doses (0, 101, 350, 598.2 and 700 mg dm-3), with four replicates, generated from the Box Central Composite experimental design matrix. Through a daily course, it was observed variations in gas exchange, chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters. The gas exchange, chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters were measured on photosynthetically active leaves. There was significant interaction between the salinity levels (ECw) and nitrogen doses for the chlorophyll indexes. The electrical conductivity of the irrigation water caused significant negative effects on chlorophyll fluorescence. Therefore, it can be stated that the sugar apple plants ecophysiology varies through the day and that salinity affects its chlorophyll content and fluorescence.

scholarly journals Gas exchange in yellow passion fruit under irrigation water salinity and nitrogen fertilization

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
José A. C. Wanderley ◽  
Carlos A. V. de Azevedo ◽  
Marcos E. B. Brito ◽  
Fagner N. Ferreira ◽  
Mailson A. Cordão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Internal Co2

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange of ‘Redondo Amarelo’ passion fruit seedlings under the mitigating action of nitrogen fertilization on the salinity of irrigation water. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (CCTA-UFCG), Campus of Pombal, PB, Brazil, The experimental design was in randomized blocks, split plots, comprising five irrigation water electrical conductivities (plot) (ECw) (0.3; 1.0; 1.7; 2.4 and 3.1 dS m-1) and five doses of nitrogen (subplot) (60; 80; 100; 120 and 140% of 300 mg of N dm-3), in five blocks. Plants were grown in pots (Citropote JKS®) with volume of 3.780 mL, filled with soil, bovine manure, wood shavings in a proportion of 2:1:0.5 (mass basis), respectively. Water with salinity levels was applied in the period from 40 to 85 days after sowing. The internal CO2 concentration, transpiration, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis were measured at 55 and 70 days after sowing. There was an attenuating effect of nitrogen doses at irrigation water electrical conductivities of 1.7 and 2.4 dS m-1 on photosynthesis at 55 DAS. Irrigation water salinity reduces most of the variables evaluated, especially at the highest level studied (3.1 dS m-1).

scholarly journals Morphophysiology of the passion fruit ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ irrigated with saline waters and nitrogen fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e3456
Author(s):  
Alzira Maria de Sousa Silva Neta ◽  
Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Luderlandio de Andrade Silva ◽  
Fagner Nogueira Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Co2 Assimilation Rate ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Purple Passion Fruit

This study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges and growth of the purple passion fruit cultivar ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ as a function of the salinity levels of the irrigation water and nitrogen fertilization. The research was conducted in pots adapted as drainage lysimeters, placed within a plant nursery, using a Regolithic Neosol of sandy texture, in the municipality of Pombal-PB, Brazil. A randomized block design was used, testing five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1) associated with four doses of nitrogen (50, 75, 100, and 125% of the recommendation). The irrigation water salinity above 0.3 dS m-1 compromised the leaf area and the relative water content of the purple passion fruit ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’. High doses of nitrogen enhance the deleterious effects of irrigation water salinity on stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, CO2 assimilation rate, number of leaves, stem diameter, and height of purple passion fruit plants. When waters with salinity levels of up to 1.3 dS m-1 are used, the dose of 125 mg of N kg-1 of soil is recommendation for providing increases in the CO2 assimilation rate of the purple passion fruit ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ at 70 days after sowing (DAS). Water salinity increases electrolyte leakage, regardless of nitrogen doses.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF CORN HYBRIDS (Zea mays) UNDER INOCULATION OF DIAZOTROPHIC BACTERIA AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
João Paulo Kruger Reznick ◽  
Volnei Pauletti ◽  
Daniel Malheiro Nascimento ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Cremonesi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

<br /><table class="data" width="100%"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="value">The aim of this work was to evaluate the development of corn genotypes under the effect of inoculation with <em>Azospirillum brasilense</em> in association with nitrogen fertilization. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial design (5x2x2) with three replications. Five corn hybrids were used, combined with two doses of nitrogen (N) (without N and with 100 kg ha<span>-1</span> N) and with two inoculation levels of <em>A.brasilense</em> (without and with inoculation). Plant stature and stem diameter at stadiums V8 and R1, leaf chlorophyll content at stadium R1 and dry mass at stadium R2 were evaluated. It was observed that when there was variation in the evaluated parameters, this was due to the different genetic materials and mainly due to the application of N. Inoculation with <em>A.brasilense</em> was not effective in altering the corn development.</td></tr></tbody></table>

scholarly journals FUNÇÃO DE PRODUÇÃO DA CULTURA DO MELÃO PARA NÍVEIS DE ÁGUA E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA NO VALE DO CURU-CE

Irriga ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Da Silva Barros ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Távora Costa ◽  
José Vanglésio de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Maximum Economic Yield ◽  
Fertilization Effect

FUNÇÃO DE PRODUÇÃO DA CULTURA DO MELÃO PARA NÍVEIS DE ÁGUA E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA NO VALE DO CURU-CE  Viviane da Silva BarrosRaimundo Nonato Távora CostaJosé Vanglésio de AguiarDepartamento de Engenharia Agrícola,Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 804,CEP 60455-760, Fortaleza – CE.   1 RESUMO  Na presente pesquisa avaliaram-se os efeitos dos níveis de água, da adubação nitrogenada e da interação destes fatores sobre o rendimento econômico da cultura do melão, variedade AF-682. O experimento foi conduzido na área irrigada da Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, Pentecoste - CE, no período de agosto a dezembro de 1998. O delineamento experimental  foi em blocos completos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de  seis  lâminas de irrigação (233,8, 221,4, 204,4, 183,5, 158,9 e 132,2mm) e quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 75, 150 e 300 kg.ha-1). A aplicação de água foi realizada através de um sistema de irrigação por sulcos retos e abertos ao final. As irrigações foram controladas por tensiômetros, utilizando-se um potencial mátrico crítico e indicativo de quando irrigar, equivalente a –30kPa.  O rendimento máximo de 30574 kg.ha-1 foi obtido com uma lâmina total de água de 222,4mm e uma dose de nitrogênio de 209,2kg.ha-1. Constatou-se não apresentar vantagem econômica a substituição do fator lâminas de água pelo fator doses de nitrogênio. Nas parcelas que receberam o maior nível de adubação nitrogenada (300kg.ha-1),  a eficiência de uso da água decresceu com o aumento da lâmina total de água.  Quanto à eficiência ótima econômica do uso de água, de 13,77 kg.m-3 ou 137,7 kg.ha-1.mm-1, correspondeu a uma adubação nitrogenada de 195,24 kg.ha-1.  UNITERMOS: irrigação por sulcos, adubação nitrogenada, rendimento.   BARROS, V.S., COSTA, R. N. T., AGUIAR, J. V.  IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION EFFECT ON MELON CROP YIELD   2 ABSTRACT  This experiment aimed to determine the irrigation and nitrogen fertilization effect on melon crop  yield. This experiment was carried out  from August to  December 1998 in  Curu Valley Experimental Station at Pentecoste-CE. The experimental design was split plot randomized blocks and treatments consisted of six irrigation water levels (233.8, 221.4, 204.4, 183.5, 158.9 e 132.2mm) and four nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 75, 150 e 300 kg.ha-1). The crop was irrigated by tensiometer monitoring set at 0.15 m deep. Water was applied every time the tensiometers reached –30 kPa. Maximum economic yield (30574 kg.ha-1) was obtained through  the production function using 222.4 mm of water and 209.2 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. It could be concluded that there has been no advantage on the water depth substitution for nitrogen fertilization The optimum economical water using was 13.8 kg.m3 or 138 kg.ha-1.mm-1, corresponding to 195.2 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen.  KEYWORDS: furrow irrigation, nitrogen fertilization, yield.

Evaluation of Chlorophyll Content and Fluorescence Parameters as Indicators of Drought Tolerance in Barley

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 751-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-hua LI ◽  
Pei-guo GUO ◽  
Baum Michael ◽  
Grando Stefania ◽  
Ceccarelli Salvatore
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content And Fluorescence ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters

scholarly journals Growth and gas changes of melon seedlings submitted to water salinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria F. de O. Sousa ◽  
Caciana C. Costa ◽  
Genilson L. Diniz ◽  
João B. dos Santos ◽  
Marinês P. Bomfim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Mass Accumulation

ABSTRACT The melon is an outstanding fruit crop in Brazil, mainly in the Northeast region due to favorable conditions for cultivation. Water salinity affects the growth and production of several species, but there is tolerance among cultivars of the same species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and gas exchange in melon seedlings subjected to water salinity. Experiment was carried out in a greenhouse belonging to the Center of Sciences and Agri-Food Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, PB, Brazil, from September to October 2016. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 6 x 5 factorial scheme, with four replicates, for six cultivars of melon (Natal, Solares, Goldex, Iracema, Mandacaru and Amarelo Ouro) and five irrigation water salinity levels with the following electrical conductivities: 0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1. Each experimental unit consisted of a polypropylene container with a volume capacity of 0.350 dm3, which contained soil + Basaplant® commercial substrate at a ratio of 2:1. At 25 days after sowing, the plants were evaluated for growth, gas exchange and dry mass accumulation. Increased salinity of irrigation water inhibits the growth, dry mass accumulation and physiological processes of melon cultivars. The cultivar Natal showed to be more tolerant, while the cultivars Solares, Goldex, Iracema and Mandacaru were moderately sensitive and the cultivar Amarelo Ouro was more sensitive to the salinity of irrigation water.

scholarly journals Physiological changes of pomegranate seedlings under salt stress and nitrogen fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-459
Author(s):  
Lauriane A. dos A. Soares ◽  
Sabrina G. de Oliveira ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
Pedro D. Fernandes ◽  
Railene H. C. R. Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

HIGHLIGHTS Irrigation water salinity alters gas exchange and biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments in po-megranate. The reduction in CO2 assimilation in pomegranate plants under salt stress is related to non-stomatal factors. Increasing nitrogen doses increase electrolyte leakage in pomegranate seedlings.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal infection ameliorates chlorophyll content and nutrient uptake of lettuce exposed to saline irrigation

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Zuccarini
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Induction Of Resistance ◽  
Different Levels

Salinity is one of the most serious environmental problems influencing crop growth. Today, the use of microorganisms as biofertilizers in agriculture is quite diffused, and good results have been obtained in terms of induction of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in crops. The effects of inoculation with a mixture of the mycorrhizal fungi <i>Glomus mosseae</i>, <i>G. intraradices</i> and <i>G. coronatum</i> have been investigated on lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) cultivated at three different levels of salinity of the irrigation water (0, 1.5 and 3 g NaCl/l) and collected during three subsequent samplings. Dry mass production was significantly enhanced in the inoculated plants collected at the first sampling, and the effect was even more evident at the highest salinity; however, it was not observed at the latest samplings. The chlorophyll content and total foliar area were mostly enhanced by colonization with the mycorrhizal fungi. Moreover, mycorrhization significantly reduced Na and Cl plant uptake, and stimulated the absorption of K and P. The experiment suggests that mycorrhization can be a suitable way to induce salt-stress resistance in horticultural crops, and that it can show its best effects at medium-high salinity levels of the irrigation water.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exogenous Application of Quercetin Derivative Solutions on the Course of Physiological and Biochemical Processes in Wheat Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6882
Author(s):  
Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek ◽  
Dagmara Migut ◽  
Tomasz Piechowiak ◽  
Jan Buczek ◽  
Maciej Balawejder
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chlorophyll Content And Fluorescence ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Quercetin, classified as a flavonoid, is a strong antioxidant that plays a significant role in the regulation of physiological processes in plants, which is particularly important in the case of biotic and abiotic stresses. The study investigated the effect of the use of potassium quercetin solutions in various concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 3.0% and 5.0%) on the physiological and biochemical properties of wheat seedlings. A pot experiment was carried out in order to determine the most beneficial dose of this flavonoid acting as a bio-stimulant for wheat plants. Spraying with quercetin derivative solutions was performed twice, and physiological measurements (chlorophyll content and fluorescence as well as gas exchange) were carried out on the first and seventh days after each application. The total phenolic compounds content and the total antioxidant capacity were also determined. It was shown that the concentrations of potassium quercetin applied have a stimulating effect on the course of physiological processes. In the case of most of the tested physiological parameters (chlorophyll content and fluorescence and gas exchange) and the total antioxidant capacity, no significant differences were observed in their increase as a result of application with concentrations of 3.0 and 5.0%. Therefore, the beneficial effect of quercetin on the analysed parameters is already observed when spraying with a concentration of 3.0%.

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