scholarly journals The role of the pediatrician in the early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Rykov ◽  
O. A. Manerova ◽  
I. A. Turabov ◽  
V. V. Kozlov ◽  
V. A. Reshetnikov
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Specialized Treatment ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
Pediatric Oncologist ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Moment

Malignant neoplasms prevail in the structure of mortality in children all over the world, while most patients are diagnosed at the common stages; the second place is taken by external causes. It determines a particular relevance of developing new approaches to strengthen the role of district pediatricians in the early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in children.Material and methods. The Algorithm for determining the appropriateness of referring a patient to a pediatric oncologist was introduced in the medical organizations of the Arkhangelsk region in 2016. To evalute the effectiveness of the Algorithm, we compared two groups of patients with histologically verified solid malignant neoplasms: Group 1: 49 patients who received medical care in the Arkhangelsk region in 2011–2015 (prior to the experiment); Group 2: 51 patients who received medical care in the Department of Pediatric Oncology of the Arkhangelsk region in 2016–2018. Results. The average survival time was significantly increased in Group 2016–2018 (30.3 ± 1.57 months) as compared with the survival time of patients receiving treatment in 2011–2015 (25.04 ± 2.05 months) (p=0.045). The following time parameters were reduced: from the moment of contacting the pediatric oncologist to the verification of the diagnosis – from 9.0 to 7.0 days; from verification of the diagnosis to the start of specialized treatment – from 12.0 to 8.0 days; from the moment of contacting the local pediatrician to the referral to the pediatric oncologist – from 11.0 to 2.0 days; from the moment of contacting the local pediatrician to the start of specialized treatment – from 23.0 to 9.0 days. Conclusion: The organizational experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the Algorithm and the expediency of its implementation in the medical organizations. 

scholarly journals ALGORITHM FOR EARLY CANCER DETECTION IN CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Rykov ◽  
O. A. Manerova ◽  
I. A. Turabov ◽  
V. V. Kozlov ◽  
V. A. Reshetnikov
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Early Cancer Detection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Specialized Treatment ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pediatric Oncologist

Background. Over the past decades, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of childhood cancer. The most childhood cancers are detected at advanced stages. The incidence of childhood cancer increased by 12.8 % (from 11.7 per 100,000 in 2007 to 13.2 per 100,000 in 2017) and the prevalence increased by 37.9 % (from 63.9 in 2007 to 88.1 in 2017 per 100,000). The purpose of the study was to develop algorithms for early cancer detection in children.Material and Methods. In the Arkhangelsk region, the algorithm for referring a patient to a consultation with a pediatric oncologist was introduced into pediatric clinical practice in 2016. To evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, we compared two groups of patients with histologically verified solid malignant neoplasms. Group I included 49 patients, who received treatment in 2011–15 (before performing the experiment), and group II consisted of 51 patients, who received treatment in the Department of Pediatric Oncology in 2016–18 (the control group).Results. The use of the algorithm for referring a patient to a consultation with a pediatric oncologist led to the increase in the 3-year survival time from 25.04 ± 2.05 months to 30.3 ± 1.57 months (р=0,045). The time parameters of various stages preceding the start of specialized treatment were statistically significantly reduced: the time from the visit of a pediatric oncologist to verification of the diagnosis decreased from 9.0 (7.0; 14.0) to 7.0 (5.0; 9, 0) days (p˂0.001); the time from diagnosis verification to the beginning of specialized treatment – from 12.0 (8.0; 16.0) to 8.0 (6.0; 10.0) days (p˂0.001); the time from the visit of a pediatrician to referral to a pediatric oncologist – from 11.0 (6.0; 17.0) to 2.0 (1.0; 3.0) days (p˂0.001); the time from the visit of a pediatrician until the beginning of specialized treatment – from 23.0 (17.0; 32.0) to 9.0 (8.0; 12.0) days (p˂0.001).Conclusion. The introduction of a structural and functional model for organizing medical care for children with cancer was shown to be effective. 

scholarly journals Role of needle biopsy in early diagnosis of lung lesions in tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Sneha B Patrike ◽  
S.H Khaparde ◽  
S.D Deshmukh ◽  
B.B Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
One Year

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer‑related death. Needle biopsies of lung have been used for diagnosis of lung lesions. They are done CT guided or thoracoscopic guided procedures in our institution. The aim is to study role of needle biopsy in early diagnosis of lung lesions and incidence of lung lesions in needle biopsies in our hospital with respect to age and sex.A retrospective type of study. The histopathological records of our Hospital were reviewed for needle biopsies of lung lesions between January 2019 to December 2019 (One year). 35 cases noted during this period.There were a total of 35 cases during the study period of one year. The specimens received were linear bits and average size was 0.5cm in length. Non-neoplastic lesions were eight (22.85 %) and neoplasms contributed to 15 cases (42.85%) along with inadequate biopsies (20 %) and normal lung biopsies (14.28 %).Maximum number of cases were reported in the age group of 51-70 years (28 cases) with male preponderance. In all age groups, malignant lesions were more common in which, Adenocarcinoma was predominant. To conclude, in our study malignant neoplasms predominated over non neoplastic lesions. The most common histological type encountered in this study was an Adenocarcinoma.

Charcot foot: Early diagnosis and interest in medical care: A case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramla Mizouri ◽  
Radhouene Gharbi ◽  
Sonda Sellami ◽  
Ines Kammoun
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Charcot Foot

PINGVINAS IR PROTĖJAS. Įsivaizdavimas kaip kitybė manyje

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Kristupas Sabolius
Keyword(s):  
Fight Club ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Hollywood Movie

Kitybės klausimas dažniausiai kyla iš ego santykio su kitais arba su pasauliu. Šiame straipsnyje daroma prielaida, kad įsivaizdavimo funkcija ištirpdo subjektą ir jame pačiame atveria intersubjektyvią perspektyvą. Šiuo tikslu sugretinami Sartre’o, Husserlio bei Merleau-Ponty įsivaizdavimo funkcijos tyrimai, kuriuose išryškėja vaizdo kaip iš ego centro išslystančios ribos statusas, ir Holivudo filmo „Kovos klubas“ siužetas. Viename iš šios juostos epizodų pasirodantis pingvinas žymi egologinės schizmos akimirką ir tampa fantazijos apsireiškimu ir įsikūnijimu.Išgryninus žaidybinį, savarankišką ir multiformišką charakterį, galime konstantuoti, kad įsivaizdavimas, jei kalbėtume Kanto terminais, yra ne papildanti tarpinė funkcija, bet transcendentalinio subjekto genezėje atlieka paradoksalų „svetimos vidujybės“ arba „vidinės svetimybės“ vaidmenį. Vaizduotė yra katalizatoriaus, kuris, likdamas šalia, įgalina transcendentalinių formų išsikristalizavimą.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: vaizduotė, įsivaizdavimas, fantazija, ego, kitybė, sąmonė.PENGUIN AND PROTEUSImagination as Otherness in meKristupas Sabolius SummaryThe question of Otherness is usually taken into account while discussing the Ego’s relation with Others as well as with the World. This article is based on the premises that the function of phantasy melts the subjectivity, revealing the perspective of intersubjectivity within it. On this purpose Sartre’s, Husserl’s and Merleau-Ponty’s researches on the function of imagination, which elucidate the image as the boundary slipping from the centre of Ego, are compared to the story of Hollywood’ movie „Fight Club“. The penguin, which appears in one of the episodes, registers the moment of egological schism, thus becoming the revelation and incarnation of phantasy. While the playful, autonomous and multiform character of imaginary is cleared out, we can ascertain, speaking in Kantian terms, that it has not a complementary or intermediary function, but, in the genesis of transcendental subject, plays the paradoxical role of „allien innerness“ or „inner alienity“. Thought remaining always beside, imagination is a catalyzer which enables crystallization of transcendental forms.Keywords: imagination, imaginary, phantasy, ego, otherness, consciousness.

Medical Care for Children with Cancer in the Donetsk People’s Republic: Results of an Ecological Study in 2014–2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Rykov ◽  
I. N. Inozemtsev ◽  
S. A. Kolomenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Patient Capacity

Background.Analysis of medical care delivery for children with cancer in armed conflict is highly important because the high-tech treatment in this context is extraordinary difficult and challenging task. Objective. Our aim was to analyze the morbidity and mortality rates in children with malignant tumors, to assess the pediatric patient capacity and medical service density in the Donetsk People’s Republic.Methods.The ecological study was conducted where the units of analysis were represented by the aggregated data of the Republican Cancer Registry on the number of primary and secondary patients with malignant and benign tumors, the deceased patients in the DNR in 2014–2017, pediatric patient capacity, and medical service density.Results.The number of pediatric patient capacity for children with cancer was 10 (0.27 per 10,000 children aged 0–17), pediatric patient capacity for children with hematological disorders — 40 (1.37 per 10,000 children aged 0–17). The treatment of children with cancer was performed by 5 healthcare providers: 1 pediatric oncologist (0.02 per 10,000 children aged 0–17), 3 hematologists (0.08 per 10,000 pediatric population aged 0–17), and 1 practitioner who did not have a specialist certificate in oncology. Morbidity rate for malignant neoplasms from 2014 to 2017 decreased by 25% (in 2014 — 9.6 per 10,000 children aged 0–17; in 2017 — 7.2). In the morbidity structure, the incidence proportion of hemoblastoses was 68.4%, brain tumors — 2.6%, other solid tumors — 29%. The death rate due to malignant neoplasms decreased by 37% (in 2014 — 2.7; in 2017 — 1.7).Conclusion.Low levels of the incidence rate and pattern of morbidity indicate defects in the identification and recording of patients. This explains the performance of the bed: low average bed occupancy per year and low turnover. For a reliable analysis of mortality statistical data is not available: in 2014–2015 only the number of in-hospital deceased patients is presented. Limited data is due to the lack of reliable patient catamnesis which is explained by the high rate of population migration. 

ON THE ROLE OF ENDOSCOPIC RESEARCH IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ENT PATHOLOGY AND VOICE DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Radtsig ◽  
◽  
E.N. Kotova ◽  
M.R. Bogomilskiy ◽  
I.E. Bulynko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Voice Disorders

Efficacy evaluation of the CEUS-LI-RADS-v2017 system in differential diagnosis of liver tumors

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
A. N. Katrich ◽  
V. A. Porkhanov ◽  
N. S. Ryabin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
General Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: efficacy evaluation of the CEUS LI RADS v2017® system for differential diagnosis of liver tumors in patients with and without cirrhosis.Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of diagnostic results of the 165 patients with liver tumors (177 nodules) was done. All patients underwent CEUS with results interpretation in accordance to the CEUS LIRADSv2017 ® criteria. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on clinical and morphological data. Group 1 included 62 patients with cirrhosis and/or CVH. Group 2 included 110 patients without risk factors for HCC.Results. Diagnostic efficiency of CEUS LI RADS v2017® for HCC identification was: group 1 – Se – 100%, Sp – 88%, Ac – 95.5%; group 2 – Se – 100%, Sp – 68.8%, Ac – 72.7%; general group Se – 100%, Sp – 72.2%, Ac – 81.4%. In the 2nd group, 21 out of 22 neoplasms, confirmed morphologically as FNH, we classified as LR 4. By applying benign character and specific contrasting patterns of FNG, they were transferred from LR 4 to LR 3. This allowed to increase sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnosis in group 2 (Se – 100%, Sp – 90.6%, Ac – 91.8%) and in general group (Se – 100%, Sp – 90.1%, Ac – 93.2%). Diagnostic efficiency of the criteria for non hepatocellular malignant neoplasms (LR M) was: group 1 – Se – 77.8%, Sp – 100%, Ac – 97%; group 2 – Se – 90%, Sp – 96.7%, Ac – 93.6%; general group- Se – 88.1%, Sp – 98.3%, Ac – 94.9%.Conclusion. Our study confirmed high accuracy of the CEUS LI RADS v2017® system in the differential diagnosis of focal liver tumors. Modification of the system (in particular, transfer of typical FNG forms from the LR 4 category) will make it possible to increase the accuracy of diagnostics by 20%. It will allow to use the LI RADS v2017® system for interpretation CEUS not only among patients with liver cirrhosis, but also in a general group without risk factors of GCC.

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