scholarly journals Feline pulmonary nematodes; new challenges for veterinary practitioners

2022 ◽  
Vol 78 (01) ◽  
pp. 6613-2022
Author(s):  
KAROLINA MIZERA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Troglostrongylus Brevior ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Capillaria Aerophila ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Pulmonary parasitic diseases have become a frequent feline condition. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Capillaria aerophila appear to be the main pathogenic factors. Felines that are affected may display respiratory as well as non-specific symptoms. Diagnostic methods include copromicroscopic, serological and molecular detection, whereas the treatment should be both symptomatic and elective.

scholarly journals Occurrence of larvae of Metastrongyloidea in feaces of cats from southeastern Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 6299-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
KLAUDIUSZ SZCZEPANIAK ◽  
PAULINA LEŚNIAK ◽  
MARIA STUDZIŃSKA ◽  
MONIKA ROCZEŃ-KARCZMARZ ◽  
MARTA DEMKOWSKA-KUTRZEPA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Troglostrongylus Brevior ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
One Year

Faecal samples from 716 cats from Poland, were examined for lungworm larvae (Metastrongyloidea) by flotation, sedimentation and Baermann techniques between January 2016 and April 2019 year. In total, 1.1% (8/716; CI ± 95% 0.3-1.9) of cats shed lungworm larvae. In the animals examined, infections with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus predominated (7 positive samples), while larvae of Troglostrongylus brevior were detected in only one sample. These invasions were more prevalent in animals under 6 months of age (3.0%) (6/201; CI ± 95%; 0.6-5.4) than in those older than one year (0.4%) (2/515; CI ± 95% 0.0-0.9). Overall, a distinct seasonal pattern was apparent in the detection of infected cats, but annual volatility was not observed. A relatively large proportion of lungworm-infected cats (4 out of 8) had pulmonary syndromes, which indicates that these parasitic diseases should be considered in differential diagnosis of any inflammations of the respiratory system, especially in young animals.

Orthostatic intolerance: orthostatic hypotension and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2032-2037
Author(s):  
Artur Fedorowski
Keyword(s):  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome ◽  
Unexplained Syncope ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Specific Symptoms

The impairment of adaptive mechanisms during orthostatic challenge may evoke orthostatic intolerance, a heterogeneous condition, in which the standing position elicits a fall in blood pressure and/or excessive tachycardia, accompanied by a wide spectrum of subjective symptoms such as dizziness, discomfort, nausea, and palpitations. Apart from chronic and potentially debilitating symptoms, orthostatic intolerance may occasionally lead to sudden loss of consciousness and fall injuries. Consequently, orthostatic intolerance should be considered as a possible cause of unexplained syncope. Two main forms of orthostatic intolerance are orthostatic hypotension (OH) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Clinical variants of OH include initial, classical, and delayed forms. The prevalence of OH increases with age, ranging from less than 5% under 40 years to about 20% above 70 years of age, and is higher in chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, reaching above 35% in Parkinson’s disease and advanced kidney failure. The presence of OH is associated with a higher mortality and an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, with the majority of patients being asymptomatic in normal conditions. In contrast, POTS affects predominantly young women (70–80%) within an age range of 15–40 years and is usually accompanied by non-specific symptoms: deconditioning, headache, cognitive impairment, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Management of orthostatic intolerance includes both non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods with limited efficacy in the severe cases. Empirical treatment with vasoactive and volume expanding drugs for OH and POTS, and rhythm controlling therapy for POTS are recommended. Future studies on syndromes of orthostatic intolerance should focus on mechanisms leading to OH and POTS, novel diagnostic methods, and more effective therapeutic options.

Orthostatic intolerance: orthostatic hypotension and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2032-2037
Author(s):  
Artur Fedorowski
Keyword(s):  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome ◽  
Unexplained Syncope ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Specific Symptoms

The impairment of adaptive mechanisms during orthostatic challenge may evoke orthostatic intolerance, a heterogeneous condition, in which the standing position elicits a fall in blood pressure and/or excessive tachycardia, accompanied by a wide spectrum of subjective symptoms such as dizziness, discomfort, nausea, and palpitations. Apart from chronic and potentially debilitating symptoms, orthostatic intolerance may occasionally lead to sudden loss of consciousness and fall injuries. Consequently, orthostatic intolerance should be considered as a possible cause of unexplained syncope. Two main forms of orthostatic intolerance are orthostatic hypotension (OH) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Clinical variants of OH include initial, classical, and delayed forms. The prevalence of OH increases with age, ranging from less than 5% under 40 years to about 20% above 70 years of age, and is higher in chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, reaching above 35% in Parkinson’s disease and advanced kidney failure. The presence of OH is associated with a higher mortality and an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, with the majority of patients being asymptomatic in normal conditions. In contrast, POTS affects predominantly young women (70–80%) within an age range of 15–40 years and is usually accompanied by non-specific symptoms: deconditioning, headache, cognitive impairment, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Management of orthostatic intolerance includes both non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods with limited efficacy in the severe cases. Empirical treatment with vasoactive and volume expanding drugs for OH and POTS, and rhythm controlling therapy for POTS are recommended. Future studies on syndromes of orthostatic intolerance should focus on mechanisms leading to OH and POTS, novel diagnostic methods, and more effective therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Novel Molecular Assay for Simultaneous Identification of Neglected Lungworms and Heartworms Affecting Cats

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 3009-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Di Cesare ◽  
Fabrizia Veronesi ◽  
Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono ◽  
Raffaella Iorio ◽  
Donato Traversa
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Molecular Assay ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Troglostrongylus Brevior ◽  
Geographical Expansion ◽  
Angiostrongylus Chabaudi ◽  
Simultaneous Identification

Feline lungworms and heartworms are stimulating the interest of the scientific community due to their clinical impact and apparent geographical expansion. Diagnosis of the infections caused by these nematodes is indeed challenging. This report describes a novel multiplex PCR able to identify simultaneously three species of lungworms (Aelurostrongylus abstrususandTroglostrongylus brevior) and heartworms (Angiostrongylus chabaudi) affecting felids. Epidemiological and clinical perspectives are discussed.

Metastrongyloid infection by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Angiostrongylus chabaudi in a domestic cat

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 685-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donato Traversa ◽  
Elvio Lepri ◽  
Fabrizia Veronesi ◽  
Barbara Paoletti ◽  
Giulia Simonato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Troglostrongylus Brevior ◽  
Angiostrongylus Chabaudi

scholarly journals Canine Brucellosis: An Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato L. Santos ◽  
Tayse D. Souza ◽  
Juliana P. S. Mol ◽  
Camila Eckstein ◽  
Tatiane A. Paíxão
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
Canine Brucellosis ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Canine brucellosis is an infectious and zoonotic disease caused by Brucella canis, which has been reported worldwide, and is a major public health concern due to close contact between dogs and humans. In dogs, canine brucellosis manifests with abortion outbreaks, reproductive failure, enlargement of lymph nodes, and occasionally affects the osteoarticular system, although the occurrence of asymptomatic infections in dogs are not uncommon. In humans, the disease is associated with a febrile syndrome, commonly with non-specific symptoms including splenomegaly, fatigue, and weakness. Infection of dogs occurs mostly by the oronasal route when in contact with contaminated tissues such as aborted fetuses, semen, urine, and vaginal secretions. In humans, contact with contaminated fluids from infected dogs is an important source of infection, and it is an occupational risk for veterinarians, breeders, laboratory workers, among other professionals who deal with infected animals or biological samples. The diagnosis in dogs is largely based on serologic methods. However, serologic diagnosis of canine brucellosis remains very challenging due to the low accuracy of available tests. Molecular diagnostic methods have been increasingly used in the past few years. Treatment of infected dogs is associated with a high frequency of relapse, and should be employed only in selected cases. Currently there are no commercially available vaccines for prevention of canine brucellosis. Therefore, development of novel and improved diagnostic methods as well as the development of efficacious and safe vaccination protocols are needed for an effective control of canine brucellosis and its associated zoonotic risk.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS OF OVERTRAINING SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-394
Author(s):  
Fellipe Pinheiro Savioli ◽  
Thairon Mesquita Medeiros ◽  
Sergio Luiz Camara Jr ◽  
Elizabeth Peres Biruel ◽  
Carlos Vicente Andreoli
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Overtraining Syndrome ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Specific Symptoms

ABSTRACT Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is a condition associated with diminished sports performance due to an increase in the volume and/or intensity of physical activity without adequate rest, and/or due to an inadequate diet. The condition often involves hormonal, nutritional, emotional, muscle, immune and neurological imbalances. Epidemiology varies considerably, affecting both sexes in different age groups. Diagnosis is still a challenge, as the syndrome resembles different diseases. The lack of specific symptoms requires a meticulous investigation in all athletes, which is often multidisciplinary. OTS can have an important repercussion on sports performance and on the quality of life of athletes. Methods: This is a mapping of scientific literature along the lines of the Systemic Review. The databases investigated were: MEDLINE and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature – LILACS and EMBASE, in addition to printed documents. Studies describing OTS were included, prioritizing articles that report the efficacy of the different diagnostic methods, be they clinical, laboratory, or imaging. Results: We found 83 articles, of which 30 were selected. Conclusion: The only symptom present in all the different forms of manifestation of OTS is loss of performance. However, some tests assessing oxidative stress levels seem promising, even though they are not specific. Revision article.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Capillaria aerophila, an Agent of Canine and Feline Pulmonary Capillariosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1958-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Di Cesare ◽  
Giuseppe Castagna ◽  
Domenico Otranto ◽  
Silvana Meloni ◽  
Piermarino Milillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Capillaria Aerophila

scholarly journals Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Kenyan human bocavirus isolates

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Misigo ◽  
Dufton Mwaengo ◽  
David Mburu
Keyword(s):  
Reference Strain ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Parainfluenza Virus ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Culture Supernatants

Introduction: The commonly expected causative agents associated with flu-like symptoms in Kenya are the classical viral pathogens identifiable as influenza virus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, enteroviruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus. However, newer agents have been identified globally that present with illnesses clinically indistinguishable from those caused by the classical pathogens; one of them is human bocavirus. Methodology: A total of 384 specimens were analyzed, primarily to determine if the emerging human bocavirus (HBoV) infections exist in Kenya as coinfections with other respiratory viruses and to describe the genotype of the virus in circulation. In brief, viral nucleic acids were extracted from culture supernatants, amplified by PCR, and sequenced. Results: HBoV DNA was amplified from 1.8% of screened specimens. Coinfection with parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, and enterovirus was 2.5%, 2%, and 1.4%, respectively. Multiple coinfections consisting of HBoV plus two other viruses were found in 3% of specimens. Isolation occurred in the months of January, March, April, August, and November. Retrospective review of clinical parameters indicated that all the individuals complained of non-specific symptoms, mainly fever, coughs, nasal stuffiness, runny noses, and vomiting. Phylogenetically, the GenBank deposited sequences of this study’s isolates cluster closely to the reference strain NC_07455 (HBoV1). Conclusion: Coinfections with human bocavirus (HBoV1) occur in Kenya, and high incidence might primarily be during the early stages of children’s lives.

scholarly journals Significance of coprological examinations in diagnosis of major helminthoses in domestic animals

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
Sanda Dimitrijevic ◽  
Tamara Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Outer Environment

The biggest number of parasitic diseases in our country are caused by helminths. The causes of these diseases differ among each other according to biomorphological characteristics, which consequently accounts for the different nature of the disease that they cause. In order to approach the curbing and treatment of these diseases in animals, it is necessary to make a precise etiological diagnosis. A correct and timely diagnosis secures insight into the episootiological situation concerning the existing parasitic diseases in the studied field. Moreover, it enables an estimate of the health condition of animals, which determines the quality of the production process in cattle breeding. Coprological diagnostic methods are among the direct diagnostic methods and are of great practical importance in diagnosing parasitic diseases, because they are based on the finding of the immediate causes (parasites) in any stage of development. These methods are mostly applied for diagnosis of helminthoses, since the biggest number of helminths is localized in the digestive tract and the communicating organs, which is why their eggs and larvae are eliminated into the outer environment through the feces of the diseased animals.

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