Floristic diversity and vegetation analysis of Wadi Arar: a typical desert Wadi of the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia

Background. Sudden cardiac arrest is a major public health problem in the world. Immediate initiation of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) significantly increased patient survival rate. Therefore, it is very important to train young people and increase public awareness of CPR for the long-term benefit of the community. Objective. We aimed at estimating the level of knowledge and attitude towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among the university students in the northern region of Saudi Arabia. Methodology. A cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted among the students of four northern region universities of Saudi Arabia (Jouf, Hail, Northern Borders, and Tabuk) between March and November 2017. A self-administered questionnaire was prepared in both Arabic and English languages and distributed to all the participants. All the data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Results. A total of 947 students from four universities completed the questionnaire: Jouf (57%), Hail (15%), Northern Borders (13%), and Tabuk (15%). Although 72% of students have previous knowledge about CPR, 49% of them lack knowledge about a medical emergency. Moreover, 59% failed to answer regarding CPR where only 41% wrote the ABC steps in the correct sequence. However, 67% of the participants had very poor knowledge, 89% of participants desired to receive additional CPR training course, and 49% of the students thought that CPR training should be a mandatory graduation requirement for all universities. There were no significant differences between male and female students. Students from medicine-related colleges have significantly (p<0.001) more knowledge and scored better compared with non-medicine-related colleges. Tabuk University scored better compared to the others, but the overall knowledge and attitude scored were low. Conclusions. Overall knowledge about CPR among the university students was not satisfactory; however, attitude towards CRP training was very positive. Our results suggested that there is a need for improvement of CPR education among Saudi university students, which will help to reduce the cardiac arrest mortality rate among the community.

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A Preliminary Investigation of Writing Beliefs of Secondary School Arab Teachers of English and Arabic in Northern Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Pedagogical Innovations ◽

10.12785/ijpi/050104 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 31-53

Author(s):

Feras Mohammed Al-Madani, et al.

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Secondary School ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Northern Region ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Writing Beliefs

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Evaluation of Radiation Doses from Computed Tomography Conducted in Al Jouf Region (Saudi Arabia)

Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics ◽

10.1166/jmihi.2021.3668 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2130-2136

Author(s):

Ziyad Awadh Alrowaili ◽

M. Ashari

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Computer Software ◽

Northern Region ◽

The Body ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Dose Length Product ◽

Comparison Of The Results ◽

Dose Index

A safe radiation dose from computed tomography (CT) is normally specified through the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) as an “effective dose.” Radiation exposure from CT is relatively high in comparison with other radiological tests. In this paper, we evaluate doses used on adult patients during typical CT scans, in Al Jouf, the northern region of Saudi Arabia. Scanning processes were taken place in different parts of the body; including the pelvis, head, abdomen, and chest. The dose indices were calculated using the CT-expo v2.5 computer software. A comparison of the results with similar investigations, regionally and globally, was made. Other comparisons between displayed and calculated dose indices were also performed. The main values of CT volume are the dose index (CTDIvol) and dose-length product (DLP). The effectiveness results for head CTs were 45.0 mGy, 488 mGy.cm, and 5.2 mSv; while for pelvic CTs they were 16.4 mGy, 391 mGy.cm, and 4.0 mSv; whereas for abdominal CTs they were 22.2 mGy, 613 mGy.cm, and 6.5 mSv; finally they were 17.5 mGy, 380 mGy.cm, and 3.9 mSv for chest CTs. It is confirmed that the values obtained are within the internationally accepted values, except for the values of the head examination, in which the effective dose value of 5.2 mSv was higher than the recommended value. This work gives an overview of the doses received by adult patients during regular CT examination. It is the first regional CT dose survey and provides a baseline for improvement and quality control in the region of Al Jouf.

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EFEITO DA EXPLORAÇÃO NA RIQUEZA FLORÍSTICA E DIVERSIDADE EM UMA FLORESTA ECOTONAL DA REGIÃO NORTE MATO-GROSSENSE

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v41i2.21877 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Chirle Colpini ◽

Versides Sebastião de Moraes e Silva ◽

Thelma Shirlen Soares ◽

José Vespasiano Lisboa Assumpção ◽

Roberto Chiaranda

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Wiener Index ◽

Northern Region ◽

Floristic Diversity ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Floristic Richness ◽

Before And After ◽

Logged Forest ◽

Southern Amazonia

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as mudanças ocorridas na riqueza e diversidade de espécies em uma floresta ecotonal na região norte mato-grossense. Os dados foram coletados em três ocasiões (2001, antes da exploração, e em 2003 e 2007, após a exploração), em 74 parcelas de 0,25 ha, sendo 69 para estudar a floresta não explorada e 5 para a explorada, com a retirada dos fustes de árvores com diâmetros comercialmente aceitos no mercado. Todos os indivíduos com diâmetro a 1,3 m de altura do solo (Dap) ≥ 17 cm foram mensurados e identificados. A diversidade florística foi avaliada por meio do quociente de mistura de Jentsch e pelo índice de Shannon-Wiener e a equabilidade pelo índice de Pielou. A variação da riqueza e diversidade de espécies antes e após a exploração madeireira foi pequena, o que confirma o baixo impacto da exploração na composição e diversidade das espécies da floresta.Palavras-chave: Diversidade; equabilidade; Amazônia Meridional. AbstractLogging effects on floristic richness and species diversity in an ecotonal forest in northern region of Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The aim of this research was to evaluate changes in relation to floristic richness and species diversity in an ecotonal forest in northern region of Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Data had been collected along three different moments (2001 [before logging], in 2003 and 2007 [after logging]) in 74 0.25-ha plots (69 in unlogged forest and 5 in logged forest). Trees with diameter ≥ 17 cm and 1.3 m height (dbh) had been measured and identified. Floristic diversity was evaluated by Jentsch Coefficient of Mixture and Shannon-Wiener index as well as its equability by Pielou’s Index. There were little variations before and after logging in relation to floristic richness and species diversity, it confirms low impact of exploration on floristic composition and species diversity of the forest.Keywords: Diversity; equability; Southern Amazonia.

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Pattern and Severity of Early Childhood Caries among Preschool Children in Northern Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada ◽

10.4034/pboci.2019.191.35 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Ravi Kumar Gudipaneni

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northern Region ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Caries

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Violence against Health-Care Workers in Governmental Health Facilities in Arar City, Saudi Arabia

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2020/6380281 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruqayyah B. Al Anazi ◽

Saeed M. AlQahtani ◽

Amal E. Mohamad ◽

Sabry M. Hammad ◽

Hossam Khleif

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Exposure To Violence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northern Region ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Workers

Background. Violence against health-care workers (HCWs) showed increasing worldwide concern. No previous studies addressed violence against HCWs in the Northern region, Saudi Arabia. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of violence against HCWs in public hospitals and primary health-care centers in Arar city, KSA, and to identify its associated factors. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 352 HCWs in the Ministry of Health (MOH) facilities in Arar city from 1st October to 31st December 2018. Consented HCWs completed a structured self-administered questionnaire which was modified from the WHO questionnaire for violence. Results. Out of 352 health-care workers, 171 (48.6%) reported exposure to violence during work in the past year. The verbal violence was the most common form experienced (83%). Physicians were the main exposed group (59%). Being non-Saudi HCWs, older with longer duration of experience, working in hospitals, working in the emergency room, and working in evening or night shifts were significantly associated with more exposure to violence. The unmet demand for the patient and deficient staff number were the leading reasons for aggression. Only 16.4% of assaulted HCWs reported the violent acts to the higher health affairs authority with the most frequent reasons for nonreporting were their perception that it was useless and their fear of negative consequences. Conclusions. Violence against HCWs in Arar city, KSA, is a prevalent problem. Improving health security system and increasing staffing and their training on proper dealing with violence are highly recommended. Also, enforcing rules and regulations is an important demand to control and prevent violence against HCWs.

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Comparing palynological abundance and diversity: implications for biotic replacement during the Cretaceous angiosperm radiation

Paleobiology ◽

10.1017/s009483730002131x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 305-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 137

Author(s):

Richard Lupia ◽

Scott Lidgard ◽

Peter R. Crane

Keyword(s):

Spatial Scales ◽

Sampling Bias ◽

Taxonomic Diversity ◽

Detailed Examination ◽

Northern Region ◽

Data Sets ◽

Floristic Diversity ◽

Apparent Contradiction ◽

Vegetational Change ◽

Abundance And Diversity

The Cretaceous radiation of angiosperms initiated a major reorganization of terrestrial plant communities as dominance by pteridophytic and gymnospermic groups eventually gave way to dominance by angiosperms. Previously, patterns of biotic replacement have been assessed using measures based on taxonomic diversity data. However, using measures of both abundance and diversity to investigate replacement patterns provides more information about macroecological change in the fossil record than either can provide alone. Analyses of an updated and expanded database of North American palynological samples from Cretaceous sediments document a rapid increase in angiosperm diversity and abundance within individual fossil palynofloras (representing local/subregional vegetation). New analyses of floristic diversity patterns support previous results and indicate that the decline of free-sporing plants is more pronounced than the decline of gymnosperms. In contrast, analyses of abundance data appear to show that the decline of gymnosperms is far more pronounced than the decline of free-sporing plants. Detailed examination of both data sets segregated by paleolatitude shows that this apparent contradiction reflects biogeographical differences in the patterns of vegetational change (e.g., free-sporing plants declined in abundance at lower latitudes) as well as sampling bias (e.g., greater sampling in the northern region in the Late Cretaceous). Analyses accounting for these biases support the conclusion that as angiosperms radiated, free-sporing plants rather than gymnosperms (in this case, mainly conifers) experienced the most pronounced decline. A thorough understanding of the Cretaceous radiation of angiosperms will require both abundance and diversity data. It also will require expanding the analyses presented here into other geographic regions as well as sampling more completely at all spatial scales.

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