scholarly journals Optimal Sizing and Design of Isolated Micro-Grid systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alaa M. Abdel-hamed ◽  
Kamel Ellissy ◽  
Ahmed R. Adly ◽  
H. Abdelfattah
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Optimal Sizing ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Configuration Scheme

Micro-grid and standalone schemes are emerging as a viable mixed source of electricity due to interconnected costly central power plants and associated faults as well as brownouts and blackouts in additions to costly fuels. Micro-Grid (MG) is gaining very importance to avoid or decrease these problems. The objective of this paper is to design an optimal sizing and energy management scheme of an isolated MG. The MG is suggested to supply load located in El-shorouk Academy, Egypt between 30.119 latitudes and 31.605 longitudes. The components of the MG are selected and designed for achieving minimum Total Investment Cost (TIC) with CO2 emissions limitations. This is accomplished by a search and optimization MATLAB code used with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) techniques. The use of Diesel Generators (DGs) is minimized by limiting the gaseous CO2 emissions as per targeted allowable amount. A comparison is accomplished for investigating the CO2 emissions constraints effects on the TIC in $/year and annual cost of energy in $/kWh. The obtained results verified and demonstrated that the designed MG configuration scheme is able to feed the energy entailed by the suggested load cost effectively and environmental friendly.

scholarly journals Desain Sistem On-Grid Energi Terbarukan Skala Rumah Tangga Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak HOMER

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandiyah Sri Aprillia ◽  
Desri Kristina Silalahi ◽  
Muhammad Agung Foury Rigoursyah
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Diesel Generators ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Electricity demand increases along with an increasing population. Renewable energy power plants are experiencing an increase in their use. This increase occurred because the world's electricity needs are rising every year, so the development of renewable energy power plants continues. Indonesia's state-owned power plants supply electricity more from non-renewable energy sources than renewable energy sources. Therefore, there is a need for renewable energy sources that can supply electricity in Indonesia. This research discusses an efficient renewable energy system for residential and the total installation costs for on-grid systems in Bandung, Indonesia. The research method used is collecting solar radiation data, equipment specifications and other data needed and then optimized. The simulation model uses HOMER software. HOMER is used to determine the best technically estimated cost, payback period, and NPC. Based on the optimization results, the system configuration can supply the electricity load 45.5% of daily load consumption with a total NPC cost is 75,300,000 million with a payback period of 7 years. In addition, the on-grid system produces 1400 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per year from diesel generators, lower than the CO2 emissions from systems that only comprise diesel generators reaching 114 tons per year.    

scholarly journals Design of Wind/Diesel Generator Micro-Grid Power System in Kano, Nigeria, Using Homer

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.36) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Nuhu Mohammed ◽  
Ademola Bello Adisa ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed Bawa ◽  
Habou Dandakuta
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Hybrid Optimization Model ◽  
Selection Factors ◽  
The City

A micro-grid system has been designed using wind/diesel generators power sources. The system is aimed to cater for the electricity demand of Kwankwasiyya city Kano, Nigeria. The city has about 400 housing units with average daily electricity demand of 10000 kWhr. The project employed the use of homer, a software that performs Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables. The most appropriate system architecture was chosen from the optimisation result based on the selection factors set (initial investment cost, total electrical production to site primary demand ratio and so on). A system comprising single wind turbine (800 kW), and two generators of 400 kW and 300kW has been selected based on the selection criteria. The electrical output shows that 82% of the total production will be consumed onsite with the remaining would be sold to the grid. The system has a cost of energy value of 0.279 kWh with net present cost of about $11,000,000. The system is economically viable considering the need of reliable power in the region even though, the price of the electricity is higher than what is obtainable from the grid.  

Optimal Design of a Molten Salt Thermal Storage Tank for Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gabbrielli ◽  
C. Zamparelli
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Solar Power Plants

This paper presents an optimal design procedure for internally insulated, carbon steel, molten salt thermal storage tanks for parabolic trough solar power plants. The exact size of the vessel and insulation layers and the shape of the roof are optimized by minimizing the total investment cost of the storage system under three technical constraints: remaining within the maximum allowable values of both temperature and stress in the steel structure, and avoiding excessive cooling and consequent solidification of the molten salt during long periods of no solar input. The thermal, mechanical and economic aspects have been integrated into an iterative step-by-step optimization procedure, which is shown to be effective through application to the case study of a 600MWh thermal storage system. The optimal design turns out to be an internally insulated, carbon steel storage tank characterized by a maximum allowable height of 11m and a diameter of 22.4m. The total investment cost is about 20% lower than that of a corresponding AISI 321H stainless steel storage tank without internal protection or insulation.

scholarly journals The prospect of using greek lignite in an energy portfolio related to power generation

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Papanicolaou ◽  
J. Typou ◽  
J. Ioakeim ◽  
Th. Kotis ◽  
A. Foscolos
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Reduce Emissions

The lignite-based power generation contributes 38% towards Greece’s energy independence. Reducing the lignite use while simultaneously importing more expensive natural gas both government deficit and the cost of energy will increase. This surcharge is passed to consumers. Switching to renewable resources invokes an even greater fiscal imbalance, since the costs from the use of wind turbines and solar photovoltaic panels are 87 €/MWh, and 180–284 €/MWh respectively, while natural gas stands at 95 €/MWh and lignite-derived energy is 45 €/MWh.In case of replacing a 300 MW lignite fed power unit with a 300 MW natural gas fed power unit, the loss in income will be 66,540,000 €/year. Coupled with the increased cost of natural gas (31,800,000 €/year) the total is 98,340,000 €/year in addition to the loss of 1235 jobs.Greek authorities intends to replace lignite-fired plants having a total installed capacity of 2531 MW with equivalent natural gas-fired plants resulting in annual total deficit in excess of 787 M€. The targets set by the Greek Ministry of Energy and Climatic Changes to reduce emissions include halving Greek lignite-derived power output from 4800 MW to 2300 MW (>-52%). This move simultaneously increases Greek energy dependence on expensive foreign energy sources and will potentially provoke social unrest at the loss of 12500 jobs with loss of annual income on the order of 670 M€. However, if the existing power output from lignite-fed power plants is maintained, the penalty that PPC (Public Power Corporation) has to pay for the resultant CO2 emissions is significantly smaller (300 M€ at 7.5 €/t of emitted CO2/GWh.Proceeding with the immediate reduction in lignite-fired energy results in economic and social catastrophe (annual income loss:-670 million € + annual CO2 emissions penalty: 348 M€= -322 M€). Lignite-fired plants will become obsolete only when the CO2 emissions penalty exceeds 63.5 €/t of emitted CO2/GWh from a purely economic perspective.

scholarly journals Fatures of the optimal composition of a wind-solar power plant with diesel generators

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
A. Y. Lavrik ◽  
Y. L. Zhukovsky ◽  
A. Y. Lavrik ◽  
A. D. Buldysko
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
Hybrid Complex ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of a single-purpose optimization of the composition of the hybrid complex consist of the wind-solar and diesel power plants, according to the criterion of the minimum cost of electricity for a small settlement in given geographical conditions. An estimation of the impact of an additional criterion for the total investment cost limitation on a result of solving an optimization problem is given. It is shown that the ratio of the proportions of the solar and wind power plants is not constant when total investment cost changes and it changes to the exclusion of one of the renewable energy sources from the complex.

scholarly journals Modeling of a Village-Scale Multi-Energy System for the Integrated Supply of Electric and Thermal Energy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7445
Author(s):  
Nicolo Stevanato ◽  
Lorenzo Rinaldi ◽  
Stefano Pistolese ◽  
Sergio Luis Balderrama Subieta ◽  
Sylvain Quoilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Levelized Cost ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Grid Optimization ◽  
Micro Grid

Energy system models for off-grid systems usually tend to focus solely on the provision of electricity for powering simple appliances, thus neglecting more energy-intensive and critical needs, such as water heating. The adoption of a Multi-Energy System (MES) perspective would allow us not only to provide comprehensive solutions addressing all types of energy demand, but also to exploit synergies between the electric and thermal sectors. To this end, we expand an existing open-source micro-grid optimization model with a complementary thermal model. Results show how the latter achieves optimal solutions that are otherwise restricted, allowing for a reduction in the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of 59% compared to a conventional microgrid, and an increase of reliance on renewable sources of 70%.

scholarly journals Stabilization of DC Micro-Grid Systems by Using the Loop-Cancellation Technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Jakkrit Pakdeeto ◽  
Kongpan Areerak ◽  
Serhiy Bozhko ◽  
Kongpol Areerak
Keyword(s):  
Grid Systems ◽  
Micro Grid

scholarly journals Estimating CO2 Emissions from Large Scale Coal-Fired Power Plants Using OCO-2 Observations and Emission Inventories

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Yaqin Hu ◽  
Yusheng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Emission Inventories ◽  
Bottom Up

The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has increased rapidly worldwide, aggravating the global greenhouse effect, and coal-fired power plants are one of the biggest contributors of greenhouse gas emissions in China. However, efficient methods that can quantify CO2 emissions from individual coal-fired power plants with high accuracy are needed. In this study, we estimated the CO2 emissions of large-scale coal-fired power plants using Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite data based on remote sensing inversions and bottom-up methods. First, we mapped the distribution of coal-fired power plants, displaying the total installed capacity, and identified two appropriate targets, the Waigaoqiao and Qinbei power plants in Shanghai and Henan, respectively. Then, an improved Gaussian plume model method was applied for CO2 emission estimations, with input parameters including the geographic coordinates of point sources, wind vectors from the atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate, and OCO-2 observations. The application of the Gaussian model was improved by using wind data with higher temporal and spatial resolutions, employing the physically based unit conversion method, and interpolating OCO-2 observations into different resolutions. Consequently, CO2 emissions were estimated to be 23.06 ± 2.82 (95% CI) Mt/yr using the Gaussian model and 16.28 Mt/yr using the bottom-up method for the Waigaoqiao Power Plant, and 14.58 ± 3.37 (95% CI) and 14.08 Mt/yr for the Qinbei Power Plant, respectively. These estimates were compared with three standard databases for validation: the Carbon Monitoring for Action database, the China coal-fired Power Plant Emissions Database, and the Carbon Brief database. The comparison found that previous emission inventories spanning different time frames might have overestimated the CO2 emissions of one of two Chinese power plants on the two days that the measurements were made. Our study contributes to quantifying CO2 emissions from point sources and helps in advancing satellite-based monitoring techniques of emission sources in the future; this helps in reducing errors due to human intervention in bottom-up statistical methods.

scholarly journals Quantification of PV Power and Economic Losses Due to Soiling in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3364
Author(s):  
Amr Zeedan ◽  
Abdulaziz Barakeh ◽  
Khaled Al-Fakhroo ◽  
Farid Touati ◽  
Antonio S. P. Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Dust Density

Soiling losses of photovoltaic (PV) panels due to dust lead to a significant decrease in solar energy yield and result in economic losses; this hence poses critical challenges to the viability of PV in smart grid systems. In this paper, these losses are quantified under Qatar’s harsh environment. This quantification is based on experimental data from long-term measurements of various climatic parameters and the output power of PV panels located in Qatar University’s Solar facility in Doha, Qatar, using a customized measurement and monitoring setup. A data processing algorithm was deliberately developed and applied, which aimed to correlate output power to ambient dust density in the vicinity of PV panels. It was found that, without cleaning, soiling reduced the output power by 43% after six months of exposure to an average ambient dust density of 0.7 mg/m3. The power and economic loss that would result from this power reduction for Qatar’s ongoing solar PV projects has also been estimated. For example, for the Al-Kharasaah project power plant, similar soiling loss would result in about a 10% power decrease after six months for typical ranges of dust density in Qatar’s environment; this, in turn, would result in an 11,000 QAR/h financial loss. This would pose a pressing need to mitigate soiling effects in PV power plants.

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