scholarly journals Critique of the new hero in cinema (L.Visconti) and literature (F.M.Dostoevsky)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-459
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Ia. Grigor’eva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Existentialist Philosophy ◽  
Conversation Piece ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Literature And Film

The article examines the philosophical basis of the figure of a new hero in literature and film. “New heroes” in selected literary and cinema works are compared within the context of existentialist philosophy and “philosophical anthropology”. Material for the comparative intertextual and intermedial analysis is the novel Demons by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky and Luchino Visconti’s late films The Damned, Ludwig and Conversation Piece. The article attempts to broaden the intertextual horizon of research on Visconti by drawing new parallels between his films and Dostoevsky’s work. The work argues that the Italian filmmaker, follow ing the Russian writer of the 19th century and the European philosophers of the 20th century, criticises the “hero” who destroyed the old order on purpose to create a new one. Visconti’s revolutionary hero suffers from “the pathology of freedom” and refers to the figure of a nihilist from Dostoevsky’s novels, on the one hand, and to the figure of a sovereign in the philosophical and anthropological works of German and French writers of the 1930–50s, on the other. In his films The Damned, Ludwig and Conversation Piece, Visconti adopts not only a number of motifs from Dostoevsky but also replicates the main idea of the Russian writer who supposed that the enhancement of the human race was possible only after the second coming of Christ.

scholarly journals Literackie i filmowe obrazy śmierci Jana Husa

2019 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Jan Pešina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Film Productions ◽  
The One ◽  
Czech Society ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Literature And Film

The image of Jan Hus’s death in literary and film worksThe article shows, on selected examples from Czech literature and film, different images of the Czech reformer’s death. The fundamental texts of this article are the testimonies of two witnesses of that event: a member of Hus’s escort, Peter from Mladoňovice, and a burgher from Konstantz, Ulrich Rychental. Confesional dependent visions, that both of them were creating, initiated two traditions in the perception of Jan Hus: as a martyr and as a heretic. The vision of Mladoňovic dominated thinking about Hus in Czech society until the beginning of the recatholization. During the 19th century it was also supported by historism typical for the National Revival epoch F. Palacký, Dějiny národa českého, persisted in journalism, literature, art and, after some modifications, operated until the middle of the 20th century O. Vávra, Jan Hus. Later literary and film productions E. Kantůrková, J. Svoboda, Jan Hus take into account Rychental’s testimony, so the one-sided picture of the death of the Bethlehem preacher gained a new dimension. Literární a filmové obrazy smrti Jana HusaČlánek na vybraných příkladech z české literatury a filmu ukazuje dva různé obrazy smrti českého reformátora. Základními texty jsou zprávy dvou očitých svědků události: člena Husova doprovodu Petra z Mladoňovic a kostnického měšťana Ulricha Richentala. Konfesijně podmíněné obrazy, které oba atoři kreují, stojí na počátku dvou rodících se tradic v pojímání Husa: jako mučedníka a jako kacíře. V českém prostředí dominoval až do počátku rekatolizace Mladoňovicův obraz, který byl v 19. století převzat obrozeneckým dějepisectvím F. Palacký, Dějiny národa českého a následně publicistikou, literaturou a výtvarným uměním a v různých modifikacích přetrval zhruba do poloviny 20. století O. Vávra, Jan Hus. Pozdější literární a filmová produkce E. Kantůrková, J. Svoboda, Jan Hus zohledňuje také Richentalovo svědectví, čímž do té doby jednostranný obraz smrti betlémského kazatele získal novou dimenzi.

scholarly journals Compulsion Versus Volition in A Farewell to Arms

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 420-428
Author(s):  
Falak Naz Khan ◽  
Hashim Khan ◽  
Khalid Azim Khan
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Face ◽  
Meaningful Existence ◽  
Existentialist Philosophy ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Farewell To Arms

Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899 - July 2, 1961) is one of the most widely read American novelist of the 19th century, whose works have been variously interpreted. His fiction was influenced by different sociological, political and psychological trends of the time. The adventures of his personal life inspired some of the fascinating stories in his fiction. A Farewell to Arms projects the concept of individual struggle in the face of stiff resistance. His protagonist helplessly strives to define his existence; he, however, miserably fails in his struggle for actualizing his existence. But ultimately, he learns the secret of a meaningful existence. This study traces these elements of existentialist philosophy and examines its influence on the art of Hemingway. Although his views are also influenced and modified by the trends of the time, the influence of existentialist philosophy is vividly visible in all his writings. The paper analyzes the major works of Hemingway, particularly his famous novel A Farewell to Arms, in the light of existentialism. It specifically focuses on the rise and fall of the hero and heroine in the novel when they try to define their existence in this free and void world.

Dostoevsky’s Petersburg in the Story by G.I. Chulkov “Autumn Mists” (1916)

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-115
Author(s):  
Olga A. Bogdanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Synthetic Image ◽  
Russian History ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the metamorphoses of the image of St. Petersburg created in the works of F.M. Dostoevsky, in the literature of the Silver age, in particular in the half-forgotten, but significant story of a major symbolist writer G.I. Chulkov “Autumn mists” (1916). It is shown that, on the one hand, Chulkov’s artistic experience is intertwined with the general trend of “rewriting the classics” for the Silver age, which was first noted by D.M. Magomedova, at the same time on the other — proved that “Autumn mists”, is primarily focused not on the “great five books” of Dostoevsky with the hero-ideologist in the center of each piece, and the synthetic image of St. Petersburg in the novel “Humiliated and offended” (1861), incorporates the positive connotations early works of the famous classics and accusatory — late, are the most complete polemical conclusion cultural dialogue with Dostoevsky at the end of the “Petersburg period” of Russian history. It is pointed out that Dostoevsky’s mythologized images were transformed into elements of symbolist and, more broadly, modernist poetics, as well as the rejection of psychologism and the reinterpretation of the writer’s historiosophical prophecies of the 19th century. Thus, “Autumn mists” is a restored link of the “Petersburg text” of Russian literature at the break of cultural and historical epochs, which, in the context of famous works on the same subject by I.F. Annensky, D.S. Merezhkovsky, A. Bely, A.A. Blok, and others of Chulkov’s contemporaries, has an indisputable value due to the many-sided meanings contained in it.

scholarly journals Le handicap au risque de l’amour Un combat incertain contre les représentations sociales du xixe siècle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédérique MARTY
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Club Foot ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
First Person ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Comedie Humaine ◽  
Mild Disability ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

Through two works taken from Balzac's Comédie humaine (César Birotteau and Modeste Mignon) our study seeks to demonstrate the power of ostracization of social representations against deviant bodies in the 19th century in Western societies. We question the tolerance scale for mild disability, the club-foot, in two parts, and then in the face of a deformity considered to be monstrous, that of a hunchbacked dwarf. If the first person with a disability manages to marry his sweetheart, he owes it to its intact validity, to a share of luck afforded by the novelist, but above all to the force of money! We will find this character in the Human comedy. The second only exists for the duration of the novel. Faced with the one he loves and the reader, he shines with the intelligence and sensitivity bestowed by the narrator. For happiness, he will have to be content to be the true craftsman of the one whom the one he loves aims for, without sharing it, because a monster, even bright and full of humor, remains a monster.

scholarly journals Transcendência e Materialismo em Memórias do Subsolo

Numen ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Sudário Cabral
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Short Novel ◽  
Wet Snow ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

Este artigo analisa a obra de Dostoiévski, Memórias do Subsolo, apresentando o universo filosófico e político no qual se deu a sua gestação. A pequena novela traz consigo o confronto entre as principais ideologias políticas da Rússia do século XIX, colocando frente a frente materialismo versus romantismo, oferecendo o cenário do encarniçado conflito entre os chamados homens novos, da geração de 1860, e os representantes da geração de 1840, reconhecidos como homens supérfluos. O artigo está dividido em dois atos e procura descrever os distintos núcleos narrativos que organizam a primeira parte da obra, intitulada “O subsolo”, e a segunda parte, “A propósito da neve molhada”. Após apresentar os singulares universos filosóficos e políticos nos quais a novela está inserida, o artigo procura demonstrar o lugar explosivo desta narrativa, que foi articulada como crítica religiosa e núcleo de desconstrução das virtudes estéticas e políticas da modernidade.The present article analyses Dostoyevsky’s Notes from Underground, presenting the political and philosophical atmosphere which conditioned its genealogy. This short novel highlights the conflict between the main political ideologies in Russia during the 19th century, putting face-to-face materialism versus romanticism and presenting the terrible conflict that took place between the so-called “new men” belonging to the generation of the1860s, and the representatives of the generation of the 1840s, known as the “superfluous men”. The article is divided in two main parts and it seeks to describe the distinct narrative frames which structure, on the one hand, the first part intituled “The Underground”, and, on the other, the second part intituled “On the Subject of the Wet Snow”. After describing the distinct philosophical and political contexts within which the novel is set, the article tries to demonstrate that the narrative is deliberately woven in order to function as a religious critique and an instrument to deconstruct the esthetical and political virtues of modernity.

scholarly journals INTERCONTEXTUAL READING OF ROBERT MUSIL’S “MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES”

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Alexander W. Belobratov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Individual Concepts ◽  
Contextual Framework ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Foreign Text ◽  
The One ◽  
Literary Classics ◽  
The 19Th Century

The analysis of the active reception process, the interaction of “its own” and “alien” seems very fruitful in the study of the epoch-making Robert Musil’s novel “Man without qualities” (1930–1942). The analytical evaluation of the Austrian author’s contact with the “alienness” (in this case, with Russian literary classics) in the form of the discovery of “his own essence” is carried out at the micro-level of individual concepts, expressions, descriptions of characters, and explicit or implicit quotations. The intertextual level of reading the novel expands at the expense of the intercontextual level. Thus, the literary text is read from the foreign (Russian) reader’s cultural referential framework. This means an attempt to recognize the reader’s “own essence” in the “alienness” text, to reinterpret a foreign text, when, on the one hand, the “own essence”, i.e. in this case the work of the 19th century Russian novelists, is subjected to scrutiny in relation to its reception of the Austrian writer as “alien”. On the other hand, Musil’s novel is read through the lens of Russian cultural awareness, and included in the contextual framework of Russian reception, formed by Goncharov’s, Dostoevsky’s, and Leo Tolstoy’s works.

scholarly journals De protagonista histórico a personaje de novela:

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilián Illades
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fourth Decade ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

En la cuarta década del siglo XIX se enjuició y sentenció por diversos crímenes al coronel Juan Yáñez, alias Relumbrón; a la sazón subordinado cercano a un presidente de México. El militar encabezó a un grupo de bandidos que asaltaron las propiedades de personas prominentes, adineradas, templos, conventos y comercios de la capital del país, así como a viajeros que transitaban por los caminos, principalmente el derrotero de la Ciudad de México al puerto de Veracruz. Este cabecilla ocupa un papel central en una de las memorables piezas literarias de Manuel Payno: Los Bandidos de Río Frío. Propio de la pluma del escritor, la novela constituye una invaluable fuente para la historia social y cultural de los mexicanos. El propósito del presente artículo es develar el perfil histórico del coronel, mediante la reconstrucción de su entorno familiar y el extracto del proceso judicial al que fue sometido, mismo al que no tuvo acceso el novelista. La infausta figura de Relumbrón sólo pudo ser preservada a través de la literatura, de lo contrario se habría sumergido en los anales criminales. In the fourth decade of the 19th century, Colonel Juan Yáñez, alias Relumbrón (the one who shines), then a close subordinate of a Mexican president, was tried and sentenced for various crimes. Then officer headed a group of bandits who robbed the properties of prominent and wealthy people, churches, convents and businesses in the capital of the country, as well as travelers on the roads, mainly the route from Mexico City to the port of Veracruz. This ringleader occupies a central role in one of Manuel Payno´s memorable novels, Los Bandidos de Río Frío (The bandits of Río Frío). Typical of the writer´s pen, the novel is an invaluable source for the social and cultural history of Mexicans. The purpose of this article is to unveil the historical profile of the colonel, through the reconstruction of his family environment and the excerpt of the judicial process to which he has subjected, to which the novelist did not have access. The infamous figure of Relumbrón could only be preserved through literature, otherwise he would have been submerged in the annals of crime.

scholarly journals Ecocriticism and Anthropocentrism in Yann Martel’s Life of Pi

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Biljana Vlašković Ilić
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Natural World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

Yann Martel’s novel Life of Pi, the winner of numerous prestigious awards, was described as“very bold and extreme with a wonderful central idea” (Irish Examiner 2002). The “central idea” of the novel has been described differently by readers and literary critics around the world. For many, it is Pi’s relationship with the tiger, Richard Parker; for some, it is the decentering of humans in favour of animals; and yet for others, the central idea of Life of Pi lies in Martel’s unusual treatment of religions and their role in human life. In this paper we argue that that the main idea of the novel is Martel’s ecocriticism of humanity in general, and especially the tendency of humans to put themselves at the center of any story, whether about animals or gods. Martel creates a tangled web of many different stories which define Pi’s life in order to prioritize the role of fiction in the development of human personality and dissect the relations between the human, the natural world, and the text. Although he favors the animal story, the final chapter reveals that the only story humans find “real” is the one in which animals are seen as anthropomorphic.

Near-Perfect Reconstruction Oversampled Nonuniform Cosine-Modulated Filter Banks Based on Frequency Warping and Subband Merging

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Parfieniuk ◽  
Alexander Petrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Group Delay ◽  
Filter Banks ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Perceptual Processing ◽  
Perfect Reconstruction ◽  
Frequency Warping ◽  
Small Loss ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Perfect Reconstruction

Near-Perfect Reconstruction Oversampled Nonuniform Cosine-Modulated Filter Banks Based on Frequency Warping and Subband MergingA novel method for designing near-perfect reconstruction oversampled nonuniform cosine-modulated filter banks is proposed, which combines frequency warping and subband merging, and thus offers more flexibility than known techniques. On the one hand, desirable frequency partitionings can be better approximated. On the other hand, at the price of only a small loss in partitioning accuracy, both warping strength and number of channels before merging can be adjusted so as to minimize the computational complexity of a system. In particular, the coefficient of the function behind warping can be constrained to be a negative integer power of two, so that multiplications related to allpass filtering can be replaced with more efficient binary shifts. The main idea is accompanied by some contributions to the theory of warped filter banks. Namely, group delay equalization is thoroughly investigated, and it is shown how to avoid significant aliasing by channel oversampling. Our research revolves around filter banks for perceptual processing of sound, which are required to approximate the psychoacoustic scales well and need not guarantee perfect reconstruction.

Die Spur des Stoffs. Ermittlungsrausch in Friedrich Glausers Die Fieberkurve

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-89
Author(s):  
Mareike Schildmann
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Crime Novel ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract This article traces some of the fundamental poetological changes that the traditional crime novel undergoes in the work of the Swiss author Friedrich Glauser at the beginning of the 20th century. The rational-analytical, conservative approach of the criminal novel in the 19th century implied – according to Luc Boltanski – the separation of an epistemologically structured, institutionalized order of “reality” and a chaotic, unruly, unformatted “world” – a separation that is questioned, but reestablished in the dramaturgy of crime and its resolution. By shifting the attention from the logical structure of ‘whodunnit’ to the sensual material culture and “atmosphere” that surrounds actions and people, Glauser’s novels blur these epistemological and ontological boundaries. The article shows how in Die Fieberkurve, the second novel of Glauser’s famous Wachtmeister Studer-series, material and sensual substances develop a specific, powerful dynamic that dissipates, complicates, crosslinks, and confuses the objects and acts of investigation as well as its narration. The material spoors, dust, fibers, fingerprints, intoxicants and natural resources like oil and gas – which lead the investigation from Switzerland to North Africa – trigger a new sensual mode of perception and reception that replaces the reassuring criminological ideal of solution by the logic of “dissolution”. The novel thereby demonstrates the poetic impact of the slogan of modernity: matter matters.

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